graal-compiler: src/os/bsd/vm/os

comparison src/os/bsd/vm/os_bsd.cpp @ 3960:f08d439fab8c

7089790: integrate bsd-port changes Reviewed-by: kvn, twisti, jrose Contributed-by: Kurt Miller <kurt@intricatesoftware.com>, Greg Lewis <glewis@eyesbeyond.com>, Jung-uk Kim <jkim@freebsd.org>, Christos Zoulas <christos@zoulas.com>, Landon Fuller <landonf@plausible.coop>, The FreeBSD Foundation <board@freebsdfoundation.org>, Michael Franz <mvfranz@gmail.com>, Roger Hoover <rhoover@apple.com>, Alexander Strange <astrange@apple.com>

author	never
date	Sun, 25 Sep 2011 16:03:29 -0700
parents
children	436b4a3231bf

comparison

equal deleted inserted replaced

-:eda6988c0d81
+:f08d439fab8c
+/*
+* Copyright (c) 1999, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+*
+* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+* published by the Free Software Foundation.
+*
+* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+* accompanied this code).
+*
+* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+*
+* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+* questions.
+*
+*/
+// no precompiled headers
+#include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
+#include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
+#include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
+#include "code/icBuffer.hpp"
+#include "code/vtableStubs.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
+#include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
+#include "jvm_bsd.h"
+#include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
+#include "memory/filemap.hpp"
+#include "mutex_bsd.inline.hpp"
+#include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
+#include "os_share_bsd.hpp"
+#include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
+#include "prims/jvm.h"
+#include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
+#include "runtime/extendedPC.hpp"
+#include "runtime/globals.hpp"
+#include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/java.hpp"
+#include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
+#include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
+#include "runtime/objectMonitor.hpp"
+#include "runtime/osThread.hpp"
+#include "runtime/perfMemory.hpp"
+#include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
+#include "runtime/statSampler.hpp"
+#include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
+#include "runtime/threadCritical.hpp"
+#include "runtime/timer.hpp"
+#include "services/attachListener.hpp"
+#include "services/runtimeService.hpp"
+#include "thread_bsd.inline.hpp"
+#include "utilities/decoder.hpp"
+#include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
+#include "utilities/events.hpp"
+#include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
+#include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
+#ifdef TARGET_ARCH_x86
+# include "assembler_x86.inline.hpp"
+# include "nativeInst_x86.hpp"
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_ARCH_sparc
+# include "assembler_sparc.inline.hpp"
+# include "nativeInst_sparc.hpp"
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_ARCH_zero
+# include "assembler_zero.inline.hpp"
+# include "nativeInst_zero.hpp"
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_ARCH_arm
+# include "assembler_arm.inline.hpp"
+# include "nativeInst_arm.hpp"
+#endif
+#ifdef TARGET_ARCH_ppc
+# include "assembler_ppc.inline.hpp"
+# include "nativeInst_ppc.hpp"
+#endif
+#ifdef COMPILER1
+#include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
+#endif
+#ifdef COMPILER2
+#include "opto/runtime.hpp"
+#endif
+// put OS-includes here
+# include <sys/types.h>
+# include <sys/mman.h>
+# include <sys/stat.h>
+# include <sys/select.h>
+# include <pthread.h>
+# include <signal.h>
+# include <errno.h>
+# include <dlfcn.h>
+# include <stdio.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+# include <sys/resource.h>
+# include <pthread.h>
+# include <sys/stat.h>
+# include <sys/time.h>
+# include <sys/times.h>
+# include <sys/utsname.h>
+# include <sys/socket.h>
+# include <sys/wait.h>
+# include <time.h>
+# include <pwd.h>
+# include <poll.h>
+# include <semaphore.h>
+# include <fcntl.h>
+# include <string.h>
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+# include <sys/param.h>
+# include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#else
+# include <syscall.h>
+# include <sys/sysinfo.h>
+# include <gnu/libc-version.h>
+#endif
+# include <sys/ipc.h>
+# include <sys/shm.h>
+#ifndef __APPLE__
+# include <link.h>
+#endif
+# include <stdint.h>
+# include <inttypes.h>
+# include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+# include <elf.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#include <mach/mach.h> // semaphore_* API
+#include <mach-o/dyld.h>
+#endif
+#ifndef MAP_ANONYMOUS
+#define MAP_ANONYMOUS MAP_ANON
+#endif
+#define MAX_PATH    (2 * K)
+// for timer info max values which include all bits
+#define ALL_64_BITS CONST64(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+#define SEC_IN_NANOSECS  1000000000LL
+#define LARGEPAGES_BIT (1 << 6)
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// global variables
+julong os::Bsd::_physical_memory = 0;
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+address   os::Bsd::_initial_thread_stack_bottom = NULL;
+uintptr_t os::Bsd::_initial_thread_stack_size   = 0;
+#endif
+int (*os::Bsd::_clock_gettime)(clockid_t, struct timespec *) = NULL;
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+int (*os::Bsd::_pthread_getcpuclockid)(pthread_t, clockid_t *) = NULL;
+Mutex* os::Bsd::_createThread_lock = NULL;
+#endif
+pthread_t os::Bsd::_main_thread;
+int os::Bsd::_page_size = -1;
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+bool os::Bsd::_is_floating_stack = false;
+bool os::Bsd::_is_NPTL = false;
+bool os::Bsd::_supports_fast_thread_cpu_time = false;
+const char * os::Bsd::_glibc_version = NULL;
+const char * os::Bsd::_libpthread_version = NULL;
+#endif
+static jlong initial_time_count=0;
+static int clock_tics_per_sec = 100;
+// For diagnostics to print a message once. see run_periodic_checks
+static sigset_t check_signal_done;
+static bool check_signals = true;;
+static pid_t _initial_pid = 0;
+/* Signal number used to suspend/resume a thread */
+/* do not use any signal number less than SIGSEGV, see 4355769 */
+static int SR_signum = SIGUSR2;
+sigset_t SR_sigset;
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// utility functions
+static int SR_initialize();
+static int SR_finalize();
+julong os::available_memory() {
+return Bsd::available_memory();
+}
+julong os::Bsd::available_memory() {
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// XXXBSD: this is just a stopgap implementation
+return physical_memory() >> 2;
+#else
+// values in struct sysinfo are "unsigned long"
+struct sysinfo si;
+sysinfo(&si);
+return (julong)si.freeram * si.mem_unit;
+#endif
+}
+julong os::physical_memory() {
+return Bsd::physical_memory();
+}
+julong os::allocatable_physical_memory(julong size) {
+#ifdef _LP64
+return size;
+#else
+julong result = MIN2(size, (julong)3800*M);
+if (!is_allocatable(result)) {
+// See comments under solaris for alignment considerations
+julong reasonable_size = (julong)2*G - 2 * os::vm_page_size();
+result =  MIN2(size, reasonable_size);
+}
+return result;
+#endif // _LP64
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// environment support
+bool os::getenv(const char* name, char* buf, int len) {
+const char* val = ::getenv(name);
+if (val != NULL && strlen(val) < (size_t)len) {
+strcpy(buf, val);
+return true;
+}
+if (len > 0) buf[0] = 0;  // return a null string
+return false;
+}
+// Return true if user is running as root.
+bool os::have_special_privileges() {
+static bool init = false;
+static bool privileges = false;
+if (!init) {
+privileges = (getuid() != geteuid()) || (getgid() != getegid());
+init = true;
+}
+return privileges;
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+#ifndef SYS_gettid
+// i386: 224, ia64: 1105, amd64: 186, sparc 143
+#ifdef __ia64__
+#define SYS_gettid 1105
+#elif __i386__
+#define SYS_gettid 224
+#elif __amd64__
+#define SYS_gettid 186
+#elif __sparc__
+#define SYS_gettid 143
+#else
+#error define gettid for the arch
+#endif
+#endif
+#endif
+// Cpu architecture string
+#if   defined(ZERO)
+static char cpu_arch[] = ZERO_LIBARCH;
+#elif defined(IA64)
+static char cpu_arch[] = "ia64";
+#elif defined(IA32)
+static char cpu_arch[] = "i386";
+#elif defined(AMD64)
+static char cpu_arch[] = "amd64";
+#elif defined(ARM)
+static char cpu_arch[] = "arm";
+#elif defined(PPC)
+static char cpu_arch[] = "ppc";
+#elif defined(SPARC)
+#  ifdef _LP64
+static char cpu_arch[] = "sparcv9";
+#  else
+static char cpu_arch[] = "sparc";
+#  endif
+#else
+#error Add appropriate cpu_arch setting
+#endif
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// pid_t gettid()
+//
+// Returns the kernel thread id of the currently running thread. Kernel
+// thread id is used to access /proc.
+//
+// (Note that getpid() on BsdThreads returns kernel thread id too; but
+// on NPTL, it returns the same pid for all threads, as required by POSIX.)
+//
+pid_t os::Bsd::gettid() {
+int rslt = syscall(SYS_gettid);
+if (rslt == -1) {
+// old kernel, no NPTL support
+return getpid();
+} else {
+return (pid_t)rslt;
+}
+}
+// Most versions of bsd have a bug where the number of processors are
+// determined by looking at the /proc file system.  In a chroot environment,
+// the system call returns 1.  This causes the VM to act as if it is
+// a single processor and elide locking (see is_MP() call).
+static bool unsafe_chroot_detected = false;
+static const char *unstable_chroot_error = "/proc file system not found.\n"
+"Java may be unstable running multithreaded in a chroot "
+"environment on Bsd when /proc filesystem is not mounted.";
+#endif
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+void os::Bsd::initialize_system_info() {
+int mib[2];
+size_t len;
+int cpu_val;
+u_long mem_val;
+/* get processors count via hw.ncpus sysctl */
+mib[0] = CTL_HW;
+mib[1] = HW_NCPU;
+len = sizeof(cpu_val);
+if (sysctl(mib, 2, &cpu_val, &len, NULL, 0) != -1 && cpu_val >= 1) {
+set_processor_count(cpu_val);
+}
+else {
+set_processor_count(1);   // fallback
+}
+/* get physical memory via hw.usermem sysctl (hw.usermem is used
+* instead of hw.physmem because we need size of allocatable memory
+*/
+mib[0] = CTL_HW;
+mib[1] = HW_USERMEM;
+len = sizeof(mem_val);
+if (sysctl(mib, 2, &mem_val, &len, NULL, 0) != -1)
+_physical_memory = mem_val;
+else
+_physical_memory = 256*1024*1024;       // fallback (XXXBSD?)
+#ifdef __OpenBSD__
+{
+// limit _physical_memory memory view on OpenBSD since
+// datasize rlimit restricts us anyway.
+struct rlimit limits;
+getrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &limits);
+_physical_memory = MIN2(_physical_memory, (julong)limits.rlim_cur);
+}
+#endif
+}
+#else
+void os::Bsd::initialize_system_info() {
+set_processor_count(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF));
+if (processor_count() == 1) {
+pid_t pid = os::Bsd::gettid();
+char fname[32];
+jio_snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "/proc/%d", pid);
+FILE *fp = fopen(fname, "r");
+if (fp == NULL) {
+unsafe_chroot_detected = true;
+} else {
+fclose(fp);
+}
+}
+_physical_memory = (julong)sysconf(_SC_PHYS_PAGES) * (julong)sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
+assert(processor_count() > 0, "bsd error");
+}
+#endif
+void os::init_system_properties_values() {
+//  char arch[12];
+//  sysinfo(SI_ARCHITECTURE, arch, sizeof(arch));
+// The next steps are taken in the product version:
+//
+// Obtain the JAVA_HOME value from the location of libjvm[_g].so.
+// This library should be located at:
+// <JAVA_HOME>/jre/lib/<arch>/{client|server}/libjvm[_g].so.
+//
+// If "/jre/lib/" appears at the right place in the path, then we
+// assume libjvm[_g].so is installed in a JDK and we use this path.
+//
+// Otherwise exit with message: "Could not create the Java virtual machine."
+//
+// The following extra steps are taken in the debugging version:
+//
+// If "/jre/lib/" does NOT appear at the right place in the path
+// instead of exit check for $JAVA_HOME environment variable.
+//
+// If it is defined and we are able to locate $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/<arch>,
+// then we append a fake suffix "hotspot/libjvm[_g].so" to this path so
+// it looks like libjvm[_g].so is installed there
+// <JAVA_HOME>/jre/lib/<arch>/hotspot/libjvm[_g].so.
+//
+// Otherwise exit.
+//
+// Important note: if the location of libjvm.so changes this
+// code needs to be changed accordingly.
+// The next few definitions allow the code to be verbatim:
+#define malloc(n) (char*)NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, (n))
+#define getenv(n) ::getenv(n)
+/*
+* See ld(1):
+*      The linker uses the following search paths to locate required
+*      shared libraries:
+*        1: ...
+*        ...
+*        7: The default directories, normally /lib and /usr/lib.
+*/
+#ifndef DEFAULT_LIBPATH
+#define DEFAULT_LIBPATH "/lib:/usr/lib"
+#endif
+#define EXTENSIONS_DIR  "/lib/ext"
+#define ENDORSED_DIR    "/lib/endorsed"
+#define REG_DIR         "/usr/java/packages"
+{
+/* sysclasspath, java_home, dll_dir */
+{
+char *home_path;
+char *dll_path;
+char *pslash;
+char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
+os::jvm_path(buf, sizeof(buf));
+// Found the full path to libjvm.so.
+// Now cut the path to <java_home>/jre if we can.
+*(strrchr(buf, '/')) = '\0';  /* get rid of /libjvm.so */
+pslash = strrchr(buf, '/');
+if (pslash != NULL)
+*pslash = '\0';           /* get rid of /{client|server|hotspot} */
+dll_path = malloc(strlen(buf) + 1);
+if (dll_path == NULL)
+return;
+strcpy(dll_path, buf);
+Arguments::set_dll_dir(dll_path);
+if (pslash != NULL) {
+pslash = strrchr(buf, '/');
+if (pslash != NULL) {
+*pslash = '\0';       /* get rid of /<arch> */
+pslash = strrchr(buf, '/');
+if (pslash != NULL)
+*pslash = '\0';   /* get rid of /lib */
+}
+}
+home_path = malloc(strlen(buf) + 1);
+if (home_path == NULL)
+return;
+strcpy(home_path, buf);
+Arguments::set_java_home(home_path);
+if (!set_boot_path('/', ':'))
+return;
+}
+/*
+* Where to look for native libraries
+*
+* Note: Due to a legacy implementation, most of the library path
+* is set in the launcher.  This was to accomodate linking restrictions
+* on legacy Bsd implementations (which are no longer supported).
+* Eventually, all the library path setting will be done here.
+*
+* However, to prevent the proliferation of improperly built native
+* libraries, the new path component /usr/java/packages is added here.
+* Eventually, all the library path setting will be done here.
+*/
+{
+char *ld_library_path;
+/*
+* Construct the invariant part of ld_library_path. Note that the
+* space for the colon and the trailing null are provided by the
+* nulls included by the sizeof operator (so actually we allocate
+* a byte more than necessary).
+*/
+ld_library_path = (char *) malloc(sizeof(REG_DIR) + sizeof("/lib/") +
+strlen(cpu_arch) + sizeof(DEFAULT_LIBPATH));
+sprintf(ld_library_path, REG_DIR "/lib/%s:" DEFAULT_LIBPATH, cpu_arch);
+/*
+* Get the user setting of LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and prepended it.  It
+* should always exist (until the legacy problem cited above is
+* addressed).
+*/
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+char *v = getenv("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH");
+#else
+char *v = getenv("LD_LIBRARY_PATH");
+#endif
+if (v != NULL) {
+char *t = ld_library_path;
+/* That's +1 for the colon and +1 for the trailing '\0' */
+ld_library_path = (char *) malloc(strlen(v) + 1 + strlen(t) + 1);
+sprintf(ld_library_path, "%s:%s", v, t);
+}
+Arguments::set_library_path(ld_library_path);
+}
+/*
+* Extensions directories.
+*
+* Note that the space for the colon and the trailing null are provided
+* by the nulls included by the sizeof operator (so actually one byte more
+* than necessary is allocated).
+*/
+{
+char *buf = malloc(strlen(Arguments::get_java_home()) +
+sizeof(EXTENSIONS_DIR) + sizeof(REG_DIR) + sizeof(EXTENSIONS_DIR));
+sprintf(buf, "%s" EXTENSIONS_DIR ":" REG_DIR EXTENSIONS_DIR,
+Arguments::get_java_home());
+Arguments::set_ext_dirs(buf);
+}
+/* Endorsed standards default directory. */
+{
+char * buf;
+buf = malloc(strlen(Arguments::get_java_home()) + sizeof(ENDORSED_DIR));
+sprintf(buf, "%s" ENDORSED_DIR, Arguments::get_java_home());
+Arguments::set_endorsed_dirs(buf);
+}
+}
+#undef malloc
+#undef getenv
+#undef EXTENSIONS_DIR
+#undef ENDORSED_DIR
+// Done
+return;
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// breakpoint support
+void os::breakpoint() {
+BREAKPOINT;
+}
+extern "C" void breakpoint() {
+// use debugger to set breakpoint here
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// signal support
+debug_only(static bool signal_sets_initialized = false);
+static sigset_t unblocked_sigs, vm_sigs, allowdebug_blocked_sigs;
+bool os::Bsd::is_sig_ignored(int sig) {
+struct sigaction oact;
+sigaction(sig, (struct sigaction*)NULL, &oact);
+void* ohlr = oact.sa_sigaction ? CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*,  oact.sa_sigaction)
+: CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*,  oact.sa_handler);
+if (ohlr == CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, SIG_IGN))
+return true;
+else
+return false;
+}
+void os::Bsd::signal_sets_init() {
+// Should also have an assertion stating we are still single-threaded.
+assert(!signal_sets_initialized, "Already initialized");
+// Fill in signals that are necessarily unblocked for all threads in
+// the VM. Currently, we unblock the following signals:
+// SHUTDOWN{1,2,3}_SIGNAL: for shutdown hooks support (unless over-ridden
+//                         by -Xrs (=ReduceSignalUsage));
+// BREAK_SIGNAL which is unblocked only by the VM thread and blocked by all
+// other threads. The "ReduceSignalUsage" boolean tells us not to alter
+// the dispositions or masks wrt these signals.
+// Programs embedding the VM that want to use the above signals for their
+// own purposes must, at this time, use the "-Xrs" option to prevent
+// interference with shutdown hooks and BREAK_SIGNAL thread dumping.
+// (See bug 4345157, and other related bugs).
+// In reality, though, unblocking these signals is really a nop, since
+// these signals are not blocked by default.
+sigemptyset(&unblocked_sigs);
+sigemptyset(&allowdebug_blocked_sigs);
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SIGILL);
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SIGSEGV);
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SIGBUS);
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SIGFPE);
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SR_signum);
+if (!ReduceSignalUsage) {
+if (!os::Bsd::is_sig_ignored(SHUTDOWN1_SIGNAL)) {
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SHUTDOWN1_SIGNAL);
+sigaddset(&allowdebug_blocked_sigs, SHUTDOWN1_SIGNAL);
+}
+if (!os::Bsd::is_sig_ignored(SHUTDOWN2_SIGNAL)) {
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SHUTDOWN2_SIGNAL);
+sigaddset(&allowdebug_blocked_sigs, SHUTDOWN2_SIGNAL);
+}
+if (!os::Bsd::is_sig_ignored(SHUTDOWN3_SIGNAL)) {
+sigaddset(&unblocked_sigs, SHUTDOWN3_SIGNAL);
+sigaddset(&allowdebug_blocked_sigs, SHUTDOWN3_SIGNAL);
+}
+}
+// Fill in signals that are blocked by all but the VM thread.
+sigemptyset(&vm_sigs);
+if (!ReduceSignalUsage)
+sigaddset(&vm_sigs, BREAK_SIGNAL);
+debug_only(signal_sets_initialized = true);
+}
+// These are signals that are unblocked while a thread is running Java.
+// (For some reason, they get blocked by default.)
+sigset_t* os::Bsd::unblocked_signals() {
+assert(signal_sets_initialized, "Not initialized");
+return &unblocked_sigs;
+}
+// These are the signals that are blocked while a (non-VM) thread is
+// running Java. Only the VM thread handles these signals.
+sigset_t* os::Bsd::vm_signals() {
+assert(signal_sets_initialized, "Not initialized");
+return &vm_sigs;
+}
+// These are signals that are blocked during cond_wait to allow debugger in
+sigset_t* os::Bsd::allowdebug_blocked_signals() {
+assert(signal_sets_initialized, "Not initialized");
+return &allowdebug_blocked_sigs;
+}
+void os::Bsd::hotspot_sigmask(Thread* thread) {
+//Save caller's signal mask before setting VM signal mask
+sigset_t caller_sigmask;
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, &caller_sigmask);
+OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+osthread->set_caller_sigmask(caller_sigmask);
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, os::Bsd::unblocked_signals(), NULL);
+if (!ReduceSignalUsage) {
+if (thread->is_VM_thread()) {
+// Only the VM thread handles BREAK_SIGNAL ...
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, vm_signals(), NULL);
+} else {
+// ... all other threads block BREAK_SIGNAL
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, vm_signals(), NULL);
+}
+}
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// detecting pthread library
+void os::Bsd::libpthread_init() {
+// Save glibc and pthread version strings. Note that _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION
+// and _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION are supported in glibc >= 2.3.2. Use a
+// generic name for earlier versions.
+// Define macros here so we can build HotSpot on old systems.
+# ifndef _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION
+# define _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION 2
+# endif
+# ifndef _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION
+# define _CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION 3
+# endif
+size_t n = confstr(_CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION, NULL, 0);
+if (n > 0) {
+char *str = (char *)malloc(n);
+confstr(_CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION, str, n);
+os::Bsd::set_glibc_version(str);
+} else {
+// _CS_GNU_LIBC_VERSION is not supported, try gnu_get_libc_version()
+static char _gnu_libc_version[32];
+jio_snprintf(_gnu_libc_version, sizeof(_gnu_libc_version),
+"glibc %s %s", gnu_get_libc_version(), gnu_get_libc_release());
+os::Bsd::set_glibc_version(_gnu_libc_version);
+}
+n = confstr(_CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION, NULL, 0);
+if (n > 0) {
+char *str = (char *)malloc(n);
+confstr(_CS_GNU_LIBPTHREAD_VERSION, str, n);
+// Vanilla RH-9 (glibc 2.3.2) has a bug that confstr() always tells
+// us "NPTL-0.29" even we are running with BsdThreads. Check if this
+// is the case. BsdThreads has a hard limit on max number of threads.
+// So sysconf(_SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX) will return a positive value.
+// On the other hand, NPTL does not have such a limit, sysconf()
+// will return -1 and errno is not changed. Check if it is really NPTL.
+if (strcmp(os::Bsd::glibc_version(), "glibc 2.3.2") == 0 &&
+strstr(str, "NPTL") &&
+sysconf(_SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX) > 0) {
+free(str);
+os::Bsd::set_libpthread_version("bsdthreads");
+} else {
+os::Bsd::set_libpthread_version(str);
+}
+} else {
+// glibc before 2.3.2 only has BsdThreads.
+os::Bsd::set_libpthread_version("bsdthreads");
+}
+if (strstr(libpthread_version(), "NPTL")) {
+os::Bsd::set_is_NPTL();
+} else {
+os::Bsd::set_is_BsdThreads();
+}
+// BsdThreads have two flavors: floating-stack mode, which allows variable
+// stack size; and fixed-stack mode. NPTL is always floating-stack.
+if (os::Bsd::is_NPTL() || os::Bsd::supports_variable_stack_size()) {
+os::Bsd::set_is_floating_stack();
+}
+}
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// thread stack
+// Force Bsd kernel to expand current thread stack. If "bottom" is close
+// to the stack guard, caller should block all signals.
+//
+// MAP_GROWSDOWN:
+//   A special mmap() flag that is used to implement thread stacks. It tells
+//   kernel that the memory region should extend downwards when needed. This
+//   allows early versions of BsdThreads to only mmap the first few pages
+//   when creating a new thread. Bsd kernel will automatically expand thread
+//   stack as needed (on page faults).
+//
+//   However, because the memory region of a MAP_GROWSDOWN stack can grow on
+//   demand, if a page fault happens outside an already mapped MAP_GROWSDOWN
+//   region, it's hard to tell if the fault is due to a legitimate stack
+//   access or because of reading/writing non-exist memory (e.g. buffer
+//   overrun). As a rule, if the fault happens below current stack pointer,
+//   Bsd kernel does not expand stack, instead a SIGSEGV is sent to the
+//   application (see Bsd kernel fault.c).
+//
+//   This Bsd feature can cause SIGSEGV when VM bangs thread stack for
+//   stack overflow detection.
+//
+//   Newer version of BsdThreads (since glibc-2.2, or, RH-7.x) and NPTL do
+//   not use this flag. However, the stack of initial thread is not created
+//   by pthread, it is still MAP_GROWSDOWN. Also it's possible (though
+//   unlikely) that user code can create a thread with MAP_GROWSDOWN stack
+//   and then attach the thread to JVM.
+//
+// To get around the problem and allow stack banging on Bsd, we need to
+// manually expand thread stack after receiving the SIGSEGV.
+//
+// There are two ways to expand thread stack to address "bottom", we used
+// both of them in JVM before 1.5:
+//   1. adjust stack pointer first so that it is below "bottom", and then
+//      touch "bottom"
+//   2. mmap() the page in question
+//
+// Now alternate signal stack is gone, it's harder to use 2. For instance,
+// if current sp is already near the lower end of page 101, and we need to
+// call mmap() to map page 100, it is possible that part of the mmap() frame
+// will be placed in page 100. When page 100 is mapped, it is zero-filled.
+// That will destroy the mmap() frame and cause VM to crash.
+//
+// The following code works by adjusting sp first, then accessing the "bottom"
+// page to force a page fault. Bsd kernel will then automatically expand the
+// stack mapping.
+//
+// _expand_stack_to() assumes its frame size is less than page size, which
+// should always be true if the function is not inlined.
+#if __GNUC__ < 3    // gcc 2.x does not support noinline attribute
+#define NOINLINE
+#else
+#define NOINLINE __attribute__ ((noinline))
+#endif
+static void _expand_stack_to(address bottom) NOINLINE;
+static void _expand_stack_to(address bottom) {
+address sp;
+size_t size;
+volatile char *p;
+// Adjust bottom to point to the largest address within the same page, it
+// gives us a one-page buffer if alloca() allocates slightly more memory.
+bottom = (address)align_size_down((uintptr_t)bottom, os::Bsd::page_size());
+bottom += os::Bsd::page_size() - 1;
+// sp might be slightly above current stack pointer; if that's the case, we
+// will alloca() a little more space than necessary, which is OK. Don't use
+// os::current_stack_pointer(), as its result can be slightly below current
+// stack pointer, causing us to not alloca enough to reach "bottom".
+sp = (address)&sp;
+if (sp > bottom) {
+size = sp - bottom;
+p = (volatile char *)alloca(size);
+assert(p != NULL && p <= (volatile char *)bottom, "alloca problem?");
+p[0] = '\0';
+}
+}
+bool os::Bsd::manually_expand_stack(JavaThread * t, address addr) {
+assert(t!=NULL, "just checking");
+assert(t->osthread()->expanding_stack(), "expand should be set");
+assert(t->stack_base() != NULL, "stack_base was not initialized");
+if (addr <  t->stack_base() && addr >= t->stack_yellow_zone_base()) {
+sigset_t mask_all, old_sigset;
+sigfillset(&mask_all);
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask_all, &old_sigset);
+_expand_stack_to(addr);
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &old_sigset, NULL);
+return true;
+}
+return false;
+}
+#endif
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// create new thread
+static address highest_vm_reserved_address();
+// check if it's safe to start a new thread
+static bool _thread_safety_check(Thread* thread) {
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+return true;
+#else
+if (os::Bsd::is_BsdThreads() && !os::Bsd::is_floating_stack()) {
+// Fixed stack BsdThreads (SuSE Bsd/x86, and some versions of Redhat)
+//   Heap is mmap'ed at lower end of memory space. Thread stacks are
+//   allocated (MAP_FIXED) from high address space. Every thread stack
+//   occupies a fixed size slot (usually 2Mbytes, but user can change
+//   it to other values if they rebuild BsdThreads).
+//
+// Problem with MAP_FIXED is that mmap() can still succeed even part of
+// the memory region has already been mmap'ed. That means if we have too
+// many threads and/or very large heap, eventually thread stack will
+// collide with heap.
+//
+// Here we try to prevent heap/stack collision by comparing current
+// stack bottom with the highest address that has been mmap'ed by JVM
+// plus a safety margin for memory maps created by native code.
+//
+// This feature can be disabled by setting ThreadSafetyMargin to 0
+//
+if (ThreadSafetyMargin > 0) {
+address stack_bottom = os::current_stack_base() - os::current_stack_size();
+// not safe if our stack extends below the safety margin
+return stack_bottom - ThreadSafetyMargin >= highest_vm_reserved_address();
+} else {
+return true;
+}
+} else {
+// Floating stack BsdThreads or NPTL:
+//   Unlike fixed stack BsdThreads, thread stacks are not MAP_FIXED. When
+//   there's not enough space left, pthread_create() will fail. If we come
+//   here, that means enough space has been reserved for stack.
+return true;
+}
+#endif
+}
+// Thread start routine for all newly created threads
+static void *java_start(Thread *thread) {
+// Try to randomize the cache line index of hot stack frames.
+// This helps when threads of the same stack traces evict each other's
+// cache lines. The threads can be either from the same JVM instance, or
+// from different JVM instances. The benefit is especially true for
+// processors with hyperthreading technology.
+static int counter = 0;
+int pid = os::current_process_id();
+alloca(((pid ^ counter++) & 7) * 128);
+ThreadLocalStorage::set_thread(thread);
+OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+Monitor* sync = osthread->startThread_lock();
+// non floating stack BsdThreads needs extra check, see above
+if (!_thread_safety_check(thread)) {
+// notify parent thread
+MutexLockerEx ml(sync, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+osthread->set_state(ZOMBIE);
+sync->notify_all();
+return NULL;
+}
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// thread_id is pthread_id on BSD
+osthread->set_thread_id(::pthread_self());
+#else
+// thread_id is kernel thread id (similar to Solaris LWP id)
+osthread->set_thread_id(os::Bsd::gettid());
+if (UseNUMA) {
+int lgrp_id = os::numa_get_group_id();
+if (lgrp_id != -1) {
+thread->set_lgrp_id(lgrp_id);
+}
+}
+#endif
+// initialize signal mask for this thread
+os::Bsd::hotspot_sigmask(thread);
+// initialize floating point control register
+os::Bsd::init_thread_fpu_state();
+// handshaking with parent thread
+{
+MutexLockerEx ml(sync, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+// notify parent thread
+osthread->set_state(INITIALIZED);
+sync->notify_all();
+// wait until os::start_thread()
+while (osthread->get_state() == INITIALIZED) {
+sync->wait(Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+}
+}
+// call one more level start routine
+thread->run();
+return 0;
+}
+bool os::create_thread(Thread* thread, ThreadType thr_type, size_t stack_size) {
+assert(thread->osthread() == NULL, "caller responsible");
+// Allocate the OSThread object
+OSThread* osthread = new OSThread(NULL, NULL);
+if (osthread == NULL) {
+return false;
+}
+// set the correct thread state
+osthread->set_thread_type(thr_type);
+// Initial state is ALLOCATED but not INITIALIZED
+osthread->set_state(ALLOCATED);
+thread->set_osthread(osthread);
+// init thread attributes
+pthread_attr_t attr;
+pthread_attr_init(&attr);
+pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
+// stack size
+if (os::Bsd::supports_variable_stack_size()) {
+// calculate stack size if it's not specified by caller
+if (stack_size == 0) {
+stack_size = os::Bsd::default_stack_size(thr_type);
+switch (thr_type) {
+case os::java_thread:
+// Java threads use ThreadStackSize which default value can be
+// changed with the flag -Xss
+assert (JavaThread::stack_size_at_create() > 0, "this should be set");
+stack_size = JavaThread::stack_size_at_create();
+break;
+case os::compiler_thread:
+if (CompilerThreadStackSize > 0) {
+stack_size = (size_t)(CompilerThreadStackSize * K);
+break;
+} // else fall through:
+// use VMThreadStackSize if CompilerThreadStackSize is not defined
+case os::vm_thread:
+case os::pgc_thread:
+case os::cgc_thread:
+case os::watcher_thread:
+if (VMThreadStackSize > 0) stack_size = (size_t)(VMThreadStackSize * K);
+break;
+}
+}
+stack_size = MAX2(stack_size, os::Bsd::min_stack_allowed);
+pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr, stack_size);
+} else {
+// let pthread_create() pick the default value.
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// glibc guard page
+pthread_attr_setguardsize(&attr, os::Bsd::default_guard_size(thr_type));
+#endif
+ThreadState state;
+{
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// Serialize thread creation if we are running with fixed stack BsdThreads
+bool lock = os::Bsd::is_BsdThreads() && !os::Bsd::is_floating_stack();
+if (lock) {
+os::Bsd::createThread_lock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
+}
+#endif
+pthread_t tid;
+int ret = pthread_create(&tid, &attr, (void* (*)(void*)) java_start, thread);
+pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
+if (ret != 0) {
+if (PrintMiscellaneous && (Verbose || WizardMode)) {
+perror("pthread_create()");
+}
+// Need to clean up stuff we've allocated so far
+thread->set_osthread(NULL);
+delete osthread;
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+if (lock) os::Bsd::createThread_lock()->unlock();
+#endif
+return false;
+}
+// Store pthread info into the OSThread
+osthread->set_pthread_id(tid);
+// Wait until child thread is either initialized or aborted
+{
+Monitor* sync_with_child = osthread->startThread_lock();
+MutexLockerEx ml(sync_with_child, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+while ((state = osthread->get_state()) == ALLOCATED) {
+sync_with_child->wait(Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+}
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+if (lock) {
+os::Bsd::createThread_lock()->unlock();
+}
+#endif
+}
+// Aborted due to thread limit being reached
+if (state == ZOMBIE) {
+thread->set_osthread(NULL);
+delete osthread;
+return false;
+}
+// The thread is returned suspended (in state INITIALIZED),
+// and is started higher up in the call chain
+assert(state == INITIALIZED, "race condition");
+return true;
+}
+/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// attach existing thread
+// bootstrap the main thread
+bool os::create_main_thread(JavaThread* thread) {
+assert(os::Bsd::_main_thread == pthread_self(), "should be called inside main thread");
+return create_attached_thread(thread);
+}
+bool os::create_attached_thread(JavaThread* thread) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+thread->verify_not_published();
+#endif
+// Allocate the OSThread object
+OSThread* osthread = new OSThread(NULL, NULL);
+if (osthread == NULL) {
+return false;
+}
+// Store pthread info into the OSThread
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+osthread->set_thread_id(::pthread_self());
+#else
+osthread->set_thread_id(os::Bsd::gettid());
+#endif
+osthread->set_pthread_id(::pthread_self());
+// initialize floating point control register
+os::Bsd::init_thread_fpu_state();
+// Initial thread state is RUNNABLE
+osthread->set_state(RUNNABLE);
+thread->set_osthread(osthread);
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+if (UseNUMA) {
+int lgrp_id = os::numa_get_group_id();
+if (lgrp_id != -1) {
+thread->set_lgrp_id(lgrp_id);
+}
+}
+if (os::Bsd::is_initial_thread()) {
+// If current thread is initial thread, its stack is mapped on demand,
+// see notes about MAP_GROWSDOWN. Here we try to force kernel to map
+// the entire stack region to avoid SEGV in stack banging.
+// It is also useful to get around the heap-stack-gap problem on SuSE
+// kernel (see 4821821 for details). We first expand stack to the top
+// of yellow zone, then enable stack yellow zone (order is significant,
+// enabling yellow zone first will crash JVM on SuSE Bsd), so there
+// is no gap between the last two virtual memory regions.
+JavaThread *jt = (JavaThread *)thread;
+address addr = jt->stack_yellow_zone_base();
+assert(addr != NULL, "initialization problem?");
+assert(jt->stack_available(addr) > 0, "stack guard should not be enabled");
+osthread->set_expanding_stack();
+os::Bsd::manually_expand_stack(jt, addr);
+osthread->clear_expanding_stack();
+}
+#endif
+// initialize signal mask for this thread
+// and save the caller's signal mask
+os::Bsd::hotspot_sigmask(thread);
+return true;
+}
+void os::pd_start_thread(Thread* thread) {
+OSThread * osthread = thread->osthread();
+assert(osthread->get_state() != INITIALIZED, "just checking");
+Monitor* sync_with_child = osthread->startThread_lock();
+MutexLockerEx ml(sync_with_child, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
+sync_with_child->notify();
+}
+// Free Bsd resources related to the OSThread
+void os::free_thread(OSThread* osthread) {
+assert(osthread != NULL, "osthread not set");
+if (Thread::current()->osthread() == osthread) {
+// Restore caller's signal mask
+sigset_t sigmask = osthread->caller_sigmask();
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigmask, NULL);
+}
+delete osthread;
+}
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// thread local storage
+int os::allocate_thread_local_storage() {
+pthread_key_t key;
+int rslt = pthread_key_create(&key, NULL);
+assert(rslt == 0, "cannot allocate thread local storage");
+return (int)key;
+}
+// Note: This is currently not used by VM, as we don't destroy TLS key
+// on VM exit.
+void os::free_thread_local_storage(int index) {
+int rslt = pthread_key_delete((pthread_key_t)index);
+assert(rslt == 0, "invalid index");
+}
+void os::thread_local_storage_at_put(int index, void* value) {
+int rslt = pthread_setspecific((pthread_key_t)index, value);
+assert(rslt == 0, "pthread_setspecific failed");
+}
+extern "C" Thread* get_thread() {
+return ThreadLocalStorage::thread();
+}
+//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// initial thread
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// Check if current thread is the initial thread, similar to Solaris thr_main.
+bool os::Bsd::is_initial_thread(void) {
+char dummy;
+// If called before init complete, thread stack bottom will be null.
+// Can be called if fatal error occurs before initialization.
+if (initial_thread_stack_bottom() == NULL) return false;
+assert(initial_thread_stack_bottom() != NULL &&
+initial_thread_stack_size()   != 0,
+"os::init did not locate initial thread's stack region");
+if ((address)&dummy >= initial_thread_stack_bottom() &&
+(address)&dummy < initial_thread_stack_bottom() + initial_thread_stack_size())
+return true;
+else return false;
+}
+// Find the virtual memory area that contains addr
+static bool find_vma(address addr, address* vma_low, address* vma_high) {
+FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/self/maps", "r");
+if (fp) {
+address low, high;
+while (!feof(fp)) {
+if (fscanf(fp, "%p-%p", &low, &high) == 2) {
+if (low <= addr && addr < high) {
+if (vma_low)  *vma_low  = low;
+if (vma_high) *vma_high = high;
+fclose (fp);
+return true;
+}
+}
+for (;;) {
+int ch = fgetc(fp);
+if (ch == EOF || ch == (int)'\n') break;
+}
+}
+fclose(fp);
+}
+return false;
+}
+// Locate initial thread stack. This special handling of initial thread stack
+// is needed because pthread_getattr_np() on most (all?) Bsd distros returns
+// bogus value for initial thread.
+void os::Bsd::capture_initial_stack(size_t max_size) {
+// stack size is the easy part, get it from RLIMIT_STACK
+size_t stack_size;
+struct rlimit rlim;
+getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim);
+stack_size = rlim.rlim_cur;
+// 6308388: a bug in ld.so will relocate its own .data section to the
+//   lower end of primordial stack; reduce ulimit -s value a little bit
+//   so we won't install guard page on ld.so's data section.
+stack_size -= 2 * page_size();
+// 4441425: avoid crash with "unlimited" stack size on SuSE 7.1 or Redhat
+//   7.1, in both cases we will get 2G in return value.
+// 4466587: glibc 2.2.x compiled w/o "--enable-kernel=2.4.0" (RH 7.0,
+//   SuSE 7.2, Debian) can not handle alternate signal stack correctly
+//   for initial thread if its stack size exceeds 6M. Cap it at 2M,
+//   in case other parts in glibc still assumes 2M max stack size.
+// FIXME: alt signal stack is gone, maybe we can relax this constraint?
+#ifndef IA64
+if (stack_size > 2 * K * K) stack_size = 2 * K * K;
+#else
+// Problem still exists RH7.2 (IA64 anyway) but 2MB is a little small
+if (stack_size > 4 * K * K) stack_size = 4 * K * K;
+#endif
+// Try to figure out where the stack base (top) is. This is harder.
+//
+// When an application is started, glibc saves the initial stack pointer in
+// a global variable "__libc_stack_end", which is then used by system
+// libraries. __libc_stack_end should be pretty close to stack top. The
+// variable is available since the very early days. However, because it is
+// a private interface, it could disappear in the future.
+//
+// Bsd kernel saves start_stack information in /proc/<pid>/stat. Similar
+// to __libc_stack_end, it is very close to stack top, but isn't the real
+// stack top. Note that /proc may not exist if VM is running as a chroot
+// program, so reading /proc/<pid>/stat could fail. Also the contents of
+// /proc/<pid>/stat could change in the future (though unlikely).
+//
+// We try __libc_stack_end first. If that doesn't work, look for
+// /proc/<pid>/stat. If neither of them works, we use current stack pointer
+// as a hint, which should work well in most cases.
+uintptr_t stack_start;
+// try __libc_stack_end first
+uintptr_t *p = (uintptr_t *)dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "__libc_stack_end");
+if (p && *p) {
+stack_start = *p;
+} else {
+// see if we can get the start_stack field from /proc/self/stat
+FILE *fp;
+int pid;
+char state;
+int ppid;
+int pgrp;
+int session;
+int nr;
+int tpgrp;
+unsigned long flags;
+unsigned long minflt;
+unsigned long cminflt;
+unsigned long majflt;
+unsigned long cmajflt;
+unsigned long utime;
+unsigned long stime;
+long cutime;
+long cstime;
+long prio;
+long nice;
+long junk;
+long it_real;
+uintptr_t start;
+uintptr_t vsize;
+intptr_t rss;
+uintptr_t rsslim;
+uintptr_t scodes;
+uintptr_t ecode;
+int i;
+// Figure what the primordial thread stack base is. Code is inspired
+// by email from Hans Boehm. /proc/self/stat begins with current pid,
+// followed by command name surrounded by parentheses, state, etc.
+char stat[2048];
+int statlen;
+fp = fopen("/proc/self/stat", "r");
+if (fp) {
+statlen = fread(stat, 1, 2047, fp);
+stat[statlen] = '\0';
+fclose(fp);
+// Skip pid and the command string. Note that we could be dealing with
+// weird command names, e.g. user could decide to rename java launcher
+// to "java 1.4.2 :)", then the stat file would look like
+//                1234 (java 1.4.2 :)) R ... ...
+// We don't really need to know the command string, just find the last
+// occurrence of ")" and then start parsing from there. See bug 4726580.
+char * s = strrchr(stat, ')');
+i = 0;
+if (s) {
+// Skip blank chars
+do s++; while (isspace(*s));
+#define _UFM UINTX_FORMAT
+#define _DFM INTX_FORMAT
+/*                                     1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   1   2   2    2    2    2    2    2    2    2 */
+/*              3  4  5  6  7  8   9   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   1    2    3    4    5    6    7    8 */
+i = sscanf(s, "%c %d %d %d %d %d %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %ld %ld %ld %ld %ld %ld " _UFM _UFM _DFM _UFM _UFM _UFM _UFM,
+&state,          /* 3  %c  */
+&ppid,           /* 4  %d  */
+&pgrp,           /* 5  %d  */
+&session,        /* 6  %d  */
+&nr,             /* 7  %d  */
+&tpgrp,          /* 8  %d  */
+&flags,          /* 9  %lu  */
+&minflt,         /* 10 %lu  */
+&cminflt,        /* 11 %lu  */
+&majflt,         /* 12 %lu  */
+&cmajflt,        /* 13 %lu  */
+&utime,          /* 14 %lu  */
+&stime,          /* 15 %lu  */
+&cutime,         /* 16 %ld  */
+&cstime,         /* 17 %ld  */
+&prio,           /* 18 %ld  */
+&nice,           /* 19 %ld  */
+&junk,           /* 20 %ld  */
+&it_real,        /* 21 %ld  */
+&start,          /* 22 UINTX_FORMAT */
+&vsize,          /* 23 UINTX_FORMAT */
+&rss,            /* 24 INTX_FORMAT  */
+&rsslim,         /* 25 UINTX_FORMAT */
+&scodes,         /* 26 UINTX_FORMAT */
+&ecode,          /* 27 UINTX_FORMAT */
+&stack_start);   /* 28 UINTX_FORMAT */
+}
+#undef _UFM
+#undef _DFM
+if (i != 28 - 2) {
+assert(false, "Bad conversion from /proc/self/stat");
+// product mode - assume we are the initial thread, good luck in the
+// embedded case.
+warning("Can't detect initial thread stack location - bad conversion");
+stack_start = (uintptr_t) &rlim;
+}
+} else {
+// For some reason we can't open /proc/self/stat (for example, running on
+// FreeBSD with a Bsd emulator, or inside chroot), this should work for
+// most cases, so don't abort:
+warning("Can't detect initial thread stack location - no /proc/self/stat");
+stack_start = (uintptr_t) &rlim;
+}
+}
+// Now we have a pointer (stack_start) very close to the stack top, the
+// next thing to do is to figure out the exact location of stack top. We
+// can find out the virtual memory area that contains stack_start by
+// reading /proc/self/maps, it should be the last vma in /proc/self/maps,
+// and its upper limit is the real stack top. (again, this would fail if
+// running inside chroot, because /proc may not exist.)
+uintptr_t stack_top;
+address low, high;
+if (find_vma((address)stack_start, &low, &high)) {
+// success, "high" is the true stack top. (ignore "low", because initial
+// thread stack grows on demand, its real bottom is high - RLIMIT_STACK.)
+stack_top = (uintptr_t)high;
+} else {
+// failed, likely because /proc/self/maps does not exist
+warning("Can't detect initial thread stack location - find_vma failed");
+// best effort: stack_start is normally within a few pages below the real
+// stack top, use it as stack top, and reduce stack size so we won't put
+// guard page outside stack.
+stack_top = stack_start;
+stack_size -= 16 * page_size();
+}
+// stack_top could be partially down the page so align it
+stack_top = align_size_up(stack_top, page_size());
+if (max_size && stack_size > max_size) {
+_initial_thread_stack_size = max_size;
+} else {
+_initial_thread_stack_size = stack_size;
+}
+_initial_thread_stack_size = align_size_down(_initial_thread_stack_size, page_size());
+_initial_thread_stack_bottom = (address)stack_top - _initial_thread_stack_size;
+}
+#endif
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// time support
+// Time since start-up in seconds to a fine granularity.
+// Used by VMSelfDestructTimer and the MemProfiler.
+double os::elapsedTime() {
+return (double)(os::elapsed_counter()) * 0.000001;
+}
+jlong os::elapsed_counter() {
+timeval time;
+int status = gettimeofday(&time, NULL);
+return jlong(time.tv_sec) * 1000 * 1000 + jlong(time.tv_usec) - initial_time_count;
+}
+jlong os::elapsed_frequency() {
+return (1000 * 1000);
+}
+// XXX: For now, code this as if BSD does not support vtime.
+bool os::supports_vtime() { return false; }
+bool os::enable_vtime()   { return false; }
+bool os::vtime_enabled()  { return false; }
+double os::elapsedVTime() {
+// better than nothing, but not much
+return elapsedTime();
+}
+jlong os::javaTimeMillis() {
+timeval time;
+int status = gettimeofday(&time, NULL);
+assert(status != -1, "bsd error");
+return jlong(time.tv_sec) * 1000  +  jlong(time.tv_usec / 1000);
+}
+#ifndef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
+#define CLOCK_MONOTONIC (1)
+#endif
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+void os::Bsd::clock_init() {
+// XXXDARWIN: Investigate replacement monotonic clock
+}
+#elif defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE)
+void os::Bsd::clock_init() {
+struct timespec res;
+struct timespec tp;
+if (::clock_getres(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &res) == 0 &&
+::clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp)  == 0) {
+// yes, monotonic clock is supported
+_clock_gettime = ::clock_gettime;
+}
+}
+#else
+void os::Bsd::clock_init() {
+// we do dlopen's in this particular order due to bug in bsd
+// dynamical loader (see 6348968) leading to crash on exit
+void* handle = dlopen("librt.so.1", RTLD_LAZY);
+if (handle == NULL) {
+handle = dlopen("librt.so", RTLD_LAZY);
+}
+if (handle) {
+int (*clock_getres_func)(clockid_t, struct timespec*) =
+(int(*)(clockid_t, struct timespec*))dlsym(handle, "clock_getres");
+int (*clock_gettime_func)(clockid_t, struct timespec*) =
+(int(*)(clockid_t, struct timespec*))dlsym(handle, "clock_gettime");
+if (clock_getres_func && clock_gettime_func) {
+// See if monotonic clock is supported by the kernel. Note that some
+// early implementations simply return kernel jiffies (updated every
+// 1/100 or 1/1000 second). It would be bad to use such a low res clock
+// for nano time (though the monotonic property is still nice to have).
+// It's fixed in newer kernels, however clock_getres() still returns
+// 1/HZ. We check if clock_getres() works, but will ignore its reported
+// resolution for now. Hopefully as people move to new kernels, this
+// won't be a problem.
+struct timespec res;
+struct timespec tp;
+if (clock_getres_func (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &res) == 0 &&
+clock_gettime_func(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp)  == 0) {
+// yes, monotonic clock is supported
+_clock_gettime = clock_gettime_func;
+} else {
+// close librt if there is no monotonic clock
+dlclose(handle);
+}
+}
+}
+}
+#endif
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+#ifndef SYS_clock_getres
+#if defined(IA32) || defined(AMD64)
+#define SYS_clock_getres IA32_ONLY(266)  AMD64_ONLY(229)
+#define sys_clock_getres(x,y)  ::syscall(SYS_clock_getres, x, y)
+#else
+#warning "SYS_clock_getres not defined for this platform, disabling fast_thread_cpu_time"
+#define sys_clock_getres(x,y)  -1
+#endif
+#else
+#define sys_clock_getres(x,y)  ::syscall(SYS_clock_getres, x, y)
+#endif
+void os::Bsd::fast_thread_clock_init() {
+if (!UseBsdPosixThreadCPUClocks) {
+return;
+}
+clockid_t clockid;
+struct timespec tp;
+int (*pthread_getcpuclockid_func)(pthread_t, clockid_t *) =
+(int(*)(pthread_t, clockid_t *)) dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "pthread_getcpuclockid");
+// Switch to using fast clocks for thread cpu time if
+// the sys_clock_getres() returns 0 error code.
+// Note, that some kernels may support the current thread
+// clock (CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID) but not the clocks
+// returned by the pthread_getcpuclockid().
+// If the fast Posix clocks are supported then the sys_clock_getres()
+// must return at least tp.tv_sec == 0 which means a resolution
+// better than 1 sec. This is extra check for reliability.
+if(pthread_getcpuclockid_func &&
+pthread_getcpuclockid_func(_main_thread, &clockid) == 0 &&
+sys_clock_getres(clockid, &tp) == 0 && tp.tv_sec == 0) {
+_supports_fast_thread_cpu_time = true;
+_pthread_getcpuclockid = pthread_getcpuclockid_func;
+}
+}
+#endif
+jlong os::javaTimeNanos() {
+if (Bsd::supports_monotonic_clock()) {
+struct timespec tp;
+int status = Bsd::clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
+assert(status == 0, "gettime error");
+jlong result = jlong(tp.tv_sec) * (1000 * 1000 * 1000) + jlong(tp.tv_nsec);
+return result;
+} else {
+timeval time;
+int status = gettimeofday(&time, NULL);
+assert(status != -1, "bsd error");
+jlong usecs = jlong(time.tv_sec) * (1000 * 1000) + jlong(time.tv_usec);
+return 1000 * usecs;
+}
+}
+void os::javaTimeNanos_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
+if (Bsd::supports_monotonic_clock()) {
+info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;
+// CLOCK_MONOTONIC - amount of time since some arbitrary point in the past
+info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false;      // not subject to resetting or drifting
+info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false;       // not subject to resetting or drifting
+} else {
+// gettimeofday - based on time in seconds since the Epoch thus does not wrap
+info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;
+// gettimeofday is a real time clock so it skips
+info_ptr->may_skip_backward = true;
+info_ptr->may_skip_forward = true;
+}
+info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_ELAPSED;                // elapsed not CPU time
+}
+// Return the real, user, and system times in seconds from an
+// arbitrary fixed point in the past.
+bool os::getTimesSecs(double* process_real_time,
+double* process_user_time,
+double* process_system_time) {
+struct tms ticks;
+clock_t real_ticks = times(&ticks);
+if (real_ticks == (clock_t) (-1)) {
+return false;
+} else {
+double ticks_per_second = (double) clock_tics_per_sec;
+*process_user_time = ((double) ticks.tms_utime) / ticks_per_second;
+*process_system_time = ((double) ticks.tms_stime) / ticks_per_second;
+*process_real_time = ((double) real_ticks) / ticks_per_second;
+return true;
+}
+}
+char * os::local_time_string(char *buf, size_t buflen) {
+struct tm t;
+time_t long_time;
+time(&long_time);
+localtime_r(&long_time, &t);
+jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d",
+t.tm_year + 1900, t.tm_mon + 1, t.tm_mday,
+t.tm_hour, t.tm_min, t.tm_sec);
+return buf;
+}
+struct tm* os::localtime_pd(const time_t* clock, struct tm*  res) {
+return localtime_r(clock, res);
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// runtime exit support
+// Note: os::shutdown() might be called very early during initialization, or
+// called from signal handler. Before adding something to os::shutdown(), make
+// sure it is async-safe and can handle partially initialized VM.
+void os::shutdown() {
+// allow PerfMemory to attempt cleanup of any persistent resources
+perfMemory_exit();
+// needs to remove object in file system
+AttachListener::abort();
+// flush buffered output, finish log files
+ostream_abort();
+// Check for abort hook
+abort_hook_t abort_hook = Arguments::abort_hook();
+if (abort_hook != NULL) {
+abort_hook();
+}
+}
+// Note: os::abort() might be called very early during initialization, or
+// called from signal handler. Before adding something to os::abort(), make
+// sure it is async-safe and can handle partially initialized VM.
+void os::abort(bool dump_core) {
+os::shutdown();
+if (dump_core) {
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+fdStream out(defaultStream::output_fd());
+out.print_raw("Current thread is ");
+char buf[16];
+jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), UINTX_FORMAT, os::current_thread_id());
+out.print_raw_cr(buf);
+out.print_raw_cr("Dumping core ...");
+#endif
+::abort(); // dump core
+}
+::exit(1);
+}
+// Die immediately, no exit hook, no abort hook, no cleanup.
+void os::die() {
+// _exit() on BsdThreads only kills current thread
+::abort();
+}
+// unused on bsd for now.
+void os::set_error_file(const char *logfile) {}
+// This method is a copy of JDK's sysGetLastErrorString
+// from src/solaris/hpi/src/system_md.c
+size_t os::lasterror(char *buf, size_t len) {
+if (errno == 0)  return 0;
+const char *s = ::strerror(errno);
+size_t n = ::strlen(s);
+if (n >= len) {
+n = len - 1;
+}
+::strncpy(buf, s, n);
+buf[n] = '\0';
+return n;
+}
+intx os::current_thread_id() { return (intx)pthread_self(); }
+int os::current_process_id() {
+// Under the old bsd thread library, bsd gives each thread
+// its own process id. Because of this each thread will return
+// a different pid if this method were to return the result
+// of getpid(2). Bsd provides no api that returns the pid
+// of the launcher thread for the vm. This implementation
+// returns a unique pid, the pid of the launcher thread
+// that starts the vm 'process'.
+// Under the NPTL, getpid() returns the same pid as the
+// launcher thread rather than a unique pid per thread.
+// Use gettid() if you want the old pre NPTL behaviour.
+// if you are looking for the result of a call to getpid() that
+// returns a unique pid for the calling thread, then look at the
+// OSThread::thread_id() method in osThread_bsd.hpp file
+return (int)(_initial_pid ? _initial_pid : getpid());
+}
+// DLL functions
+#define JNI_LIB_PREFIX "lib"
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#define JNI_LIB_SUFFIX ".dylib"
+#else
+#define JNI_LIB_SUFFIX ".so"
+#endif
+const char* os::dll_file_extension() { return JNI_LIB_SUFFIX; }
+// This must be hard coded because it's the system's temporary
+// directory not the java application's temp directory, ala java.io.tmpdir.
+const char* os::get_temp_directory() { return "/tmp"; }
+static bool file_exists(const char* filename) {
+struct stat statbuf;
+if (filename == NULL || strlen(filename) == 0) {
+return false;
+}
+return os::stat(filename, &statbuf) == 0;
+}
+void os::dll_build_name(char* buffer, size_t buflen,
+const char* pname, const char* fname) {
+// Copied from libhpi
+const size_t pnamelen = pname ? strlen(pname) : 0;
+// Quietly truncate on buffer overflow.  Should be an error.
+if (pnamelen + strlen(fname) + strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX) + strlen(JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) + 2 > buflen) {
+*buffer = '\0';
+return;
+}
+if (pnamelen == 0) {
+snprintf(buffer, buflen, JNI_LIB_PREFIX "%s" JNI_LIB_SUFFIX, fname);
+} else if (strchr(pname, *os::path_separator()) != NULL) {
+int n;
+char** pelements = split_path(pname, &n);
+for (int i = 0 ; i < n ; i++) {
+// Really shouldn't be NULL, but check can't hurt
+if (pelements[i] == NULL || strlen(pelements[i]) == 0) {
+continue; // skip the empty path values
+}
+snprintf(buffer, buflen, "%s/" JNI_LIB_PREFIX "%s" JNI_LIB_SUFFIX,
+pelements[i], fname);
+if (file_exists(buffer)) {
+break;
+}
+}
+// release the storage
+for (int i = 0 ; i < n ; i++) {
+if (pelements[i] != NULL) {
+FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, pelements[i]);
+}
+}
+if (pelements != NULL) {
+FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, pelements);
+}
+} else {
+snprintf(buffer, buflen, "%s/" JNI_LIB_PREFIX "%s" JNI_LIB_SUFFIX, pname, fname);
+}
+}
+const char* os::get_current_directory(char *buf, int buflen) {
+return getcwd(buf, buflen);
+}
+// check if addr is inside libjvm[_g].so
+bool os::address_is_in_vm(address addr) {
+static address libjvm_base_addr;
+Dl_info dlinfo;
+if (libjvm_base_addr == NULL) {
+dladdr(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void *, os::address_is_in_vm), &dlinfo);
+libjvm_base_addr = (address)dlinfo.dli_fbase;
+assert(libjvm_base_addr !=NULL, "Cannot obtain base address for libjvm");
+}
+if (dladdr((void *)addr, &dlinfo)) {
+if (libjvm_base_addr == (address)dlinfo.dli_fbase) return true;
+}
+return false;
+}
+bool os::dll_address_to_function_name(address addr, char *buf,
+int buflen, int *offset) {
+Dl_info dlinfo;
+if (dladdr((void*)addr, &dlinfo) && dlinfo.dli_sname != NULL) {
+if (buf != NULL) {
+if(!Decoder::demangle(dlinfo.dli_sname, buf, buflen)) {
+jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s", dlinfo.dli_sname);
+}
+}
+if (offset != NULL) *offset = addr - (address)dlinfo.dli_saddr;
+return true;
+} else if (dlinfo.dli_fname != NULL && dlinfo.dli_fbase != 0) {
+if (Decoder::decode((address)(addr - (address)dlinfo.dli_fbase),
+dlinfo.dli_fname, buf, buflen, offset) == Decoder::no_error) {
+return true;
+}
+}
+if (buf != NULL) buf[0] = '\0';
+if (offset != NULL) *offset = -1;
+return false;
+}
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// ported from solaris version
+bool os::dll_address_to_library_name(address addr, char* buf,
+int buflen, int* offset) {
+Dl_info dlinfo;
+if (dladdr((void*)addr, &dlinfo)){
+if (buf) jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s", dlinfo.dli_fname);
+if (offset) *offset = addr - (address)dlinfo.dli_fbase;
+return true;
+} else {
+if (buf) buf[0] = '\0';
+if (offset) *offset = -1;
+return false;
+}
+}
+#else
+struct _address_to_library_name {
+address addr;          // input : memory address
+size_t  buflen;        //         size of fname
+char*   fname;         // output: library name
+address base;          //         library base addr
+};
+static int address_to_library_name_callback(struct dl_phdr_info *info,
+size_t size, void *data) {
+int i;
+bool found = false;
+address libbase = NULL;
+struct _address_to_library_name * d = (struct _address_to_library_name *)data;
+// iterate through all loadable segments
+for (i = 0; i < info->dlpi_phnum; i++) {
+address segbase = (address)(info->dlpi_addr + info->dlpi_phdr[i].p_vaddr);
+if (info->dlpi_phdr[i].p_type == PT_LOAD) {
+// base address of a library is the lowest address of its loaded
+// segments.
+if (libbase == NULL || libbase > segbase) {
+libbase = segbase;
+}
+// see if 'addr' is within current segment
+if (segbase <= d->addr &&
+d->addr < segbase + info->dlpi_phdr[i].p_memsz) {
+found = true;
+}
+}
+}
+// dlpi_name is NULL or empty if the ELF file is executable, return 0
+// so dll_address_to_library_name() can fall through to use dladdr() which
+// can figure out executable name from argv[0].
+if (found && info->dlpi_name && info->dlpi_name[0]) {
+d->base = libbase;
+if (d->fname) {
+jio_snprintf(d->fname, d->buflen, "%s", info->dlpi_name);
+}
+return 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+bool os::dll_address_to_library_name(address addr, char* buf,
+int buflen, int* offset) {
+Dl_info dlinfo;
+struct _address_to_library_name data;
+// There is a bug in old glibc dladdr() implementation that it could resolve
+// to wrong library name if the .so file has a base address != NULL. Here
+// we iterate through the program headers of all loaded libraries to find
+// out which library 'addr' really belongs to. This workaround can be
+// removed once the minimum requirement for glibc is moved to 2.3.x.
+data.addr = addr;
+data.fname = buf;
+data.buflen = buflen;
+data.base = NULL;
+int rslt = dl_iterate_phdr(address_to_library_name_callback, (void *)&data);
+if (rslt) {
+// buf already contains library name
+if (offset) *offset = addr - data.base;
+return true;
+} else if (dladdr((void*)addr, &dlinfo)){
+if (buf) jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s", dlinfo.dli_fname);
+if (offset) *offset = addr - (address)dlinfo.dli_fbase;
+return true;
+} else {
+if (buf) buf[0] = '\0';
+if (offset) *offset = -1;
+return false;
+}
+}
+#endif
+// Loads .dll/.so and
+// in case of error it checks if .dll/.so was built for the
+// same architecture as Hotspot is running on
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+void * os::dll_load(const char *filename, char *ebuf, int ebuflen) {
+void * result= ::dlopen(filename, RTLD_LAZY);
+if (result != NULL) {
+// Successful loading
+return result;
+}
+// Read system error message into ebuf
+::strncpy(ebuf, ::dlerror(), ebuflen-1);
+ebuf[ebuflen-1]='\0';
+return NULL;
+}
+#else
+void * os::dll_load(const char *filename, char *ebuf, int ebuflen)
+{
+void * result= ::dlopen(filename, RTLD_LAZY);
+if (result != NULL) {
+// Successful loading
+return result;
+}
+Elf32_Ehdr elf_head;
+// Read system error message into ebuf
+// It may or may not be overwritten below
+::strncpy(ebuf, ::dlerror(), ebuflen-1);
+ebuf[ebuflen-1]='\0';
+int diag_msg_max_length=ebuflen-strlen(ebuf);
+char* diag_msg_buf=ebuf+strlen(ebuf);
+if (diag_msg_max_length==0) {
+// No more space in ebuf for additional diagnostics message
+return NULL;
+}
+int file_descriptor= ::open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK);
+if (file_descriptor < 0) {
+// Can't open library, report dlerror() message
+return NULL;
+}
+bool failed_to_read_elf_head=
+(sizeof(elf_head)!=
+(::read(file_descriptor, &elf_head,sizeof(elf_head)))) ;
+::close(file_descriptor);
+if (failed_to_read_elf_head) {
+// file i/o error - report dlerror() msg
+return NULL;
+}
+typedef struct {
+Elf32_Half  code;         // Actual value as defined in elf.h
+Elf32_Half  compat_class; // Compatibility of archs at VM's sense
+char        elf_class;    // 32 or 64 bit
+char        endianess;    // MSB or LSB
+char*       name;         // String representation
+} arch_t;
+#ifndef EM_486
+#define EM_486          6               /* Intel 80486 */
+#endif
+#ifndef EM_MIPS_RS3_LE
+#define EM_MIPS_RS3_LE  10              /* MIPS */
+#endif
+#ifndef EM_PPC64
+#define EM_PPC64        21              /* PowerPC64 */
+#endif
+#ifndef EM_S390
+#define EM_S390         22              /* IBM System/390 */
+#endif
+#ifndef EM_IA_64
+#define EM_IA_64        50              /* HP/Intel IA-64 */
+#endif
+#ifndef EM_X86_64
+#define EM_X86_64       62              /* AMD x86-64 */
+#endif
+static const arch_t arch_array[]={
+{EM_386,         EM_386,     ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2LSB, (char*)"IA 32"},
+{EM_486,         EM_386,     ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2LSB, (char*)"IA 32"},
+{EM_IA_64,       EM_IA_64,   ELFCLASS64, ELFDATA2LSB, (char*)"IA 64"},
+{EM_X86_64,      EM_X86_64,  ELFCLASS64, ELFDATA2LSB, (char*)"AMD 64"},
+{EM_SPARC,       EM_SPARC,   ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"Sparc 32"},
+{EM_SPARC32PLUS, EM_SPARC,   ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"Sparc 32"},
+{EM_SPARCV9,     EM_SPARCV9, ELFCLASS64, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"Sparc v9 64"},
+{EM_PPC,         EM_PPC,     ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"Power PC 32"},
+{EM_PPC64,       EM_PPC64,   ELFCLASS64, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"Power PC 64"},
+{EM_ARM,         EM_ARM,     ELFCLASS32,   ELFDATA2LSB, (char*)"ARM"},
+{EM_S390,        EM_S390,    ELFCLASSNONE, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"IBM System/390"},
+{EM_ALPHA,       EM_ALPHA,   ELFCLASS64, ELFDATA2LSB, (char*)"Alpha"},
+{EM_MIPS_RS3_LE, EM_MIPS_RS3_LE, ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2LSB, (char*)"MIPSel"},
+{EM_MIPS,        EM_MIPS,    ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"MIPS"},
+{EM_PARISC,      EM_PARISC,  ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"PARISC"},
+{EM_68K,         EM_68K,     ELFCLASS32, ELFDATA2MSB, (char*)"M68k"}
+};
+#if  (defined IA32)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_386;
+#elif   (defined AMD64)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_X86_64;
+#elif  (defined IA64)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_IA_64;
+#elif  (defined __sparc) && (defined _LP64)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_SPARCV9;
+#elif  (defined __sparc) && (!defined _LP64)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_SPARC;
+#elif  (defined __powerpc64__)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_PPC64;
+#elif  (defined __powerpc__)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_PPC;
+#elif  (defined ARM)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_ARM;
+#elif  (defined S390)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_S390;
+#elif  (defined ALPHA)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_ALPHA;
+#elif  (defined MIPSEL)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_MIPS_RS3_LE;
+#elif  (defined PARISC)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_PARISC;
+#elif  (defined MIPS)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_MIPS;
+#elif  (defined M68K)
+static  Elf32_Half running_arch_code=EM_68K;
+#else
+#error Method os::dll_load requires that one of following is defined:\
+IA32, AMD64, IA64, __sparc, __powerpc__, ARM, S390, ALPHA, MIPS, MIPSEL, PARISC, M68K
+#endif
+// Identify compatability class for VM's architecture and library's architecture
+// Obtain string descriptions for architectures
+arch_t lib_arch={elf_head.e_machine,0,elf_head.e_ident[EI_CLASS], elf_head.e_ident[EI_DATA], NULL};
+int running_arch_index=-1;
+for (unsigned int i=0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(arch_array) ; i++ ) {
+if (running_arch_code == arch_array[i].code) {
+running_arch_index    = i;
+}
+if (lib_arch.code == arch_array[i].code) {
+lib_arch.compat_class = arch_array[i].compat_class;
+lib_arch.name         = arch_array[i].name;
+}
+}
+assert(running_arch_index != -1,
+"Didn't find running architecture code (running_arch_code) in arch_array");
+if (running_arch_index == -1) {
+// Even though running architecture detection failed
+// we may still continue with reporting dlerror() message
+return NULL;
+}
+if (lib_arch.endianess != arch_array[running_arch_index].endianess) {
+::snprintf(diag_msg_buf, diag_msg_max_length-1," (Possible cause: endianness mismatch)");
+return NULL;
+}
+#ifndef S390
+if (lib_arch.elf_class != arch_array[running_arch_index].elf_class) {
+::snprintf(diag_msg_buf, diag_msg_max_length-1," (Possible cause: architecture word width mismatch)");
+return NULL;
+}
+#endif // !S390
+if (lib_arch.compat_class != arch_array[running_arch_index].compat_class) {
+if ( lib_arch.name!=NULL ) {
+::snprintf(diag_msg_buf, diag_msg_max_length-1,
+" (Possible cause: can't load %s-bit .so on a %s-bit platform)",
+lib_arch.name, arch_array[running_arch_index].name);
+} else {
+::snprintf(diag_msg_buf, diag_msg_max_length-1,
+" (Possible cause: can't load this .so (machine code=0x%x) on a %s-bit platform)",
+lib_arch.code,
+arch_array[running_arch_index].name);
+}
+}
+return NULL;
+}
+#endif /* !__APPLE__ */
+// XXX: Do we need a lock around this as per Linux?
+void* os::dll_lookup(void* handle, const char* name) {
+return dlsym(handle, name);
+}
+static bool _print_ascii_file(const char* filename, outputStream* st) {
+int fd = ::open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+if (fd == -1) {
+return false;
+}
+char buf[32];
+int bytes;
+while ((bytes = ::read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
+st->print_raw(buf, bytes);
+}
+::close(fd);
+return true;
+}
+void os::print_dll_info(outputStream *st) {
+st->print_cr("Dynamic libraries:");
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+#ifdef RTLD_DI_LINKMAP
+Dl_info dli;
+void *handle;
+Link_map *map;
+Link_map *p;
+if (!dladdr(CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void *, os::print_dll_info), &dli)) {
+st->print_cr("Error: Cannot print dynamic libraries.");
+return;
+}
+handle = dlopen(dli.dli_fname, RTLD_LAZY);
+if (handle == NULL) {
+st->print_cr("Error: Cannot print dynamic libraries.");
+return;
+}
+dlinfo(handle, RTLD_DI_LINKMAP, &map);
+if (map == NULL) {
+st->print_cr("Error: Cannot print dynamic libraries.");
+return;
+}
+while (map->l_prev != NULL)
+map = map->l_prev;
+while (map != NULL) {
+st->print_cr(PTR_FORMAT " \t%s", map->l_addr, map->l_name);
+map = map->l_next;
+}
+dlclose(handle);
+#elif defined(__APPLE__)
+uint32_t count;
+uint32_t i;
+count = _dyld_image_count();
+for (i = 1; i < count; i++) {
+const char *name = _dyld_get_image_name(i);
+intptr_t slide = _dyld_get_image_vmaddr_slide(i);
+st->print_cr(PTR_FORMAT " \t%s", slide, name);
+}
+#else
+st->print_cr("Error: Cannot print dynamic libraries.");
+#endif
+#else
+char fname[32];
+pid_t pid = os::Bsd::gettid();
+jio_snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "/proc/%d/maps", pid);
+if (!_print_ascii_file(fname, st)) {
+st->print("Can not get library information for pid = %d\n", pid);
+}
+#endif
+}
+void os::print_os_info(outputStream* st) {
+st->print("OS:");
+// Try to identify popular distros.
+// Most Bsd distributions have /etc/XXX-release file, which contains
+// the OS version string. Some have more than one /etc/XXX-release file
+// (e.g. Mandrake has both /etc/mandrake-release and /etc/redhat-release.),
+// so the order is important.
+if (!_print_ascii_file("/etc/mandrake-release", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/sun-release", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/redhat-release", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/SuSE-release", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/turbobsd-release", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/gentoo-release", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/debian_version", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/ltib-release", st) &&
+!_print_ascii_file("/etc/angstrom-version", st)) {
+st->print("Bsd");
+}
+st->cr();
+// kernel
+st->print("uname:");
+struct utsname name;
+uname(&name);
+st->print(name.sysname); st->print(" ");
+st->print(name.release); st->print(" ");
+st->print(name.version); st->print(" ");
+st->print(name.machine);
+st->cr();
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// Print warning if unsafe chroot environment detected
+if (unsafe_chroot_detected) {
+st->print("WARNING!! ");
+st->print_cr(unstable_chroot_error);
+}
+// libc, pthread
+st->print("libc:");
+st->print(os::Bsd::glibc_version()); st->print(" ");
+st->print(os::Bsd::libpthread_version()); st->print(" ");
+if (os::Bsd::is_BsdThreads()) {
+st->print("(%s stack)", os::Bsd::is_floating_stack() ? "floating" : "fixed");
+}
+st->cr();
+#endif
+// rlimit
+st->print("rlimit:");
+struct rlimit rlim;
+st->print(" STACK ");
+getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim);
+if (rlim.rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY) st->print("infinity");
+else st->print("%uk", rlim.rlim_cur >> 10);
+st->print(", CORE ");
+getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
+if (rlim.rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY) st->print("infinity");
+else st->print("%uk", rlim.rlim_cur >> 10);
+st->print(", NPROC ");
+getrlimit(RLIMIT_NPROC, &rlim);
+if (rlim.rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY) st->print("infinity");
+else st->print("%d", rlim.rlim_cur);
+st->print(", NOFILE ");
+getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rlim);
+if (rlim.rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY) st->print("infinity");
+else st->print("%d", rlim.rlim_cur);
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+st->print(", AS ");
+getrlimit(RLIMIT_AS, &rlim);
+if (rlim.rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY) st->print("infinity");
+else st->print("%uk", rlim.rlim_cur >> 10);
+st->cr();
+// load average
+st->print("load average:");
+double loadavg[3];
+os::loadavg(loadavg, 3);
+st->print("%0.02f %0.02f %0.02f", loadavg[0], loadavg[1], loadavg[2]);
+st->cr();
+#endif
+}
+void os::pd_print_cpu_info(outputStream* st) {
+// Nothing to do for now.
+}
+void os::print_memory_info(outputStream* st) {
+st->print("Memory:");
+st->print(" %dk page", os::vm_page_size()>>10);
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// values in struct sysinfo are "unsigned long"
+struct sysinfo si;
+sysinfo(&si);
+#endif
+st->print(", physical " UINT64_FORMAT "k",
+os::physical_memory() >> 10);
+st->print("(" UINT64_FORMAT "k free)",
+os::available_memory() >> 10);
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+st->print(", swap " UINT64_FORMAT "k",
+((jlong)si.totalswap * si.mem_unit) >> 10);
+st->print("(" UINT64_FORMAT "k free)",
+((jlong)si.freeswap * si.mem_unit) >> 10);
+#endif
+st->cr();
+// meminfo
+st->print("\n/proc/meminfo:\n");
+_print_ascii_file("/proc/meminfo", st);
+st->cr();
+}
+// Taken from /usr/include/bits/siginfo.h  Supposed to be architecture specific
+// but they're the same for all the bsd arch that we support
+// and they're the same for solaris but there's no common place to put this.
+const char *ill_names[] = { "ILL0", "ILL_ILLOPC", "ILL_ILLOPN", "ILL_ILLADR",
+"ILL_ILLTRP", "ILL_PRVOPC", "ILL_PRVREG",
+"ILL_COPROC", "ILL_BADSTK" };
+const char *fpe_names[] = { "FPE0", "FPE_INTDIV", "FPE_INTOVF", "FPE_FLTDIV",
+"FPE_FLTOVF", "FPE_FLTUND", "FPE_FLTRES",
+"FPE_FLTINV", "FPE_FLTSUB", "FPE_FLTDEN" };
+const char *segv_names[] = { "SEGV0", "SEGV_MAPERR", "SEGV_ACCERR" };
+const char *bus_names[] = { "BUS0", "BUS_ADRALN", "BUS_ADRERR", "BUS_OBJERR" };
+void os::print_siginfo(outputStream* st, void* siginfo) {
+st->print("siginfo:");
+const int buflen = 100;
+char buf[buflen];
+siginfo_t *si = (siginfo_t*)siginfo;
+st->print("si_signo=%s: ", os::exception_name(si->si_signo, buf, buflen));
+if (si->si_errno != 0 && strerror_r(si->si_errno, buf, buflen) == 0) {
+st->print("si_errno=%s", buf);
+} else {
+st->print("si_errno=%d", si->si_errno);
+}
+const int c = si->si_code;
+assert(c > 0, "unexpected si_code");
+switch (si->si_signo) {
+case SIGILL:
+st->print(", si_code=%d (%s)", c, c > 8 ? "" : ill_names[c]);
+st->print(", si_addr=" PTR_FORMAT, si->si_addr);
+break;
+case SIGFPE:
+st->print(", si_code=%d (%s)", c, c > 9 ? "" : fpe_names[c]);
+st->print(", si_addr=" PTR_FORMAT, si->si_addr);
+break;
+case SIGSEGV:
+st->print(", si_code=%d (%s)", c, c > 2 ? "" : segv_names[c]);
+st->print(", si_addr=" PTR_FORMAT, si->si_addr);
+break;
+case SIGBUS:
+st->print(", si_code=%d (%s)", c, c > 3 ? "" : bus_names[c]);
+st->print(", si_addr=" PTR_FORMAT, si->si_addr);
+break;
+default:
+st->print(", si_code=%d", si->si_code);
+// no si_addr
+}
+if ((si->si_signo == SIGBUS || si->si_signo == SIGSEGV) &&
+UseSharedSpaces) {
+FileMapInfo* mapinfo = FileMapInfo::current_info();
+if (mapinfo->is_in_shared_space(si->si_addr)) {
+st->print("\n\nError accessing class data sharing archive."   \
+" Mapped file inaccessible during execution, "      \
+" possible disk/network problem.");
+}
+}
+st->cr();
+}
+static void print_signal_handler(outputStream* st, int sig,
+char* buf, size_t buflen);
+void os::print_signal_handlers(outputStream* st, char* buf, size_t buflen) {
+st->print_cr("Signal Handlers:");
+print_signal_handler(st, SIGSEGV, buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SIGBUS , buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SIGFPE , buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SIGPIPE, buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SIGXFSZ, buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SIGILL , buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, INTERRUPT_SIGNAL, buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SR_signum, buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SHUTDOWN1_SIGNAL, buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SHUTDOWN2_SIGNAL , buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, SHUTDOWN3_SIGNAL , buf, buflen);
+print_signal_handler(st, BREAK_SIGNAL, buf, buflen);
+}
+static char saved_jvm_path[MAXPATHLEN] = {0};
+// Find the full path to the current module, libjvm.so or libjvm_g.so
+void os::jvm_path(char *buf, jint buflen) {
+// Error checking.
+if (buflen < MAXPATHLEN) {
+assert(false, "must use a large-enough buffer");
+buf[0] = '\0';
+return;
+}
+// Lazy resolve the path to current module.
+if (saved_jvm_path[0] != 0) {
+strcpy(buf, saved_jvm_path);
+return;
+}
+char dli_fname[MAXPATHLEN];
+bool ret = dll_address_to_library_name(
+CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, os::jvm_path),
+dli_fname, sizeof(dli_fname), NULL);
+assert(ret != 0, "cannot locate libjvm");
+char *rp = realpath(dli_fname, buf);
+if (rp == NULL)
+return;
+if (Arguments::created_by_gamma_launcher()) {
+// Support for the gamma launcher.  Typical value for buf is
+// "<JAVA_HOME>/jre/lib/<arch>/<vmtype>/libjvm.so".  If "/jre/lib/" appears at
+// the right place in the string, then assume we are installed in a JDK and
+// we're done.  Otherwise, check for a JAVA_HOME environment variable and fix
+// up the path so it looks like libjvm.so is installed there (append a
+// fake suffix hotspot/libjvm.so).
+const char *p = buf + strlen(buf) - 1;
+for (int count = 0; p > buf && count < 5; ++count) {
+for (--p; p > buf && *p != '/'; --p)
+/* empty */ ;
+}
+if (strncmp(p, "/jre/lib/", 9) != 0) {
+// Look for JAVA_HOME in the environment.
+char* java_home_var = ::getenv("JAVA_HOME");
+if (java_home_var != NULL && java_home_var[0] != 0) {
+char* jrelib_p;
+int len;
+// Check the current module name "libjvm.so" or "libjvm_g.so".
+p = strrchr(buf, '/');
+assert(strstr(p, "/libjvm") == p, "invalid library name");
+p = strstr(p, "_g") ? "_g" : "";
+rp = realpath(java_home_var, buf);
+if (rp == NULL)
+return;
+// determine if this is a legacy image or modules image
+// modules image doesn't have "jre" subdirectory
+len = strlen(buf);
+jrelib_p = buf + len;
+snprintf(jrelib_p, buflen-len, "/jre/lib/%s", cpu_arch);
+if (0 != access(buf, F_OK)) {
+snprintf(jrelib_p, buflen-len, "/lib/%s", cpu_arch);
+}
+if (0 == access(buf, F_OK)) {
+// Use current module name "libjvm[_g].so" instead of
+// "libjvm"debug_only("_g")".so" since for fastdebug version
+// we should have "libjvm.so" but debug_only("_g") adds "_g"!
+len = strlen(buf);
+snprintf(buf + len, buflen-len, "/hotspot/libjvm%s.so", p);
+} else {
+// Go back to path of .so
+rp = realpath(dli_fname, buf);
+if (rp == NULL)
+return;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+strcpy(saved_jvm_path, buf);
+}
+void os::print_jni_name_prefix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size) {
+// no prefix required, not even "_"
+}
+void os::print_jni_name_suffix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size) {
+// no suffix required
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// sun.misc.Signal support
+static volatile jint sigint_count = 0;
+static void
+UserHandler(int sig, void *siginfo, void *context) {
+// 4511530 - sem_post is serialized and handled by the manager thread. When
+// the program is interrupted by Ctrl-C, SIGINT is sent to every thread. We
+// don't want to flood the manager thread with sem_post requests.
+if (sig == SIGINT && Atomic::add(1, &sigint_count) > 1)
+return;
+// Ctrl-C is pressed during error reporting, likely because the error
+// handler fails to abort. Let VM die immediately.
+if (sig == SIGINT && is_error_reported()) {
+os::die();
+}
+os::signal_notify(sig);
+}
+void* os::user_handler() {
+return CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, UserHandler);
+}
+extern "C" {
+typedef void (*sa_handler_t)(int);
+typedef void (*sa_sigaction_t)(int, siginfo_t *, void *);
+}
+void* os::signal(int signal_number, void* handler) {
+struct sigaction sigAct, oldSigAct;
+sigfillset(&(sigAct.sa_mask));
+sigAct.sa_flags   = SA_RESTART|SA_SIGINFO;
+sigAct.sa_handler = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(sa_handler_t, handler);
+if (sigaction(signal_number, &sigAct, &oldSigAct)) {
+// -1 means registration failed
+return (void *)-1;
+}
+return CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, oldSigAct.sa_handler);
+}
+void os::signal_raise(int signal_number) {
+::raise(signal_number);
+}
+/*
+* The following code is moved from os.cpp for making this
+* code platform specific, which it is by its very nature.
+*/
+// Will be modified when max signal is changed to be dynamic
+int os::sigexitnum_pd() {
+return NSIG;
+}
+// a counter for each possible signal value
+static volatile jint pending_signals[NSIG+1] = { 0 };
+// Bsd(POSIX) specific hand shaking semaphore.
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+static semaphore_t sig_sem;
+#define SEM_INIT(sem, value)    semaphore_create(mach_task_self(), &sem, SYNC_POLICY_FIFO, value)
+#define SEM_WAIT(sem)           semaphore_wait(sem);
+#define SEM_POST(sem)           semaphore_signal(sem);
+#else
+static sem_t sig_sem;
+#define SEM_INIT(sem, value)    sem_init(&sem, 0, value)
+#define SEM_WAIT(sem)           sem_wait(&sem);
+#define SEM_POST(sem)           sem_post(&sem);
+#endif
+void os::signal_init_pd() {
+// Initialize signal structures
+::memset((void*)pending_signals, 0, sizeof(pending_signals));
+// Initialize signal semaphore
+::SEM_INIT(sig_sem, 0);
+}
+void os::signal_notify(int sig) {
+Atomic::inc(&pending_signals[sig]);
+::SEM_POST(sig_sem);
+}
+static int check_pending_signals(bool wait) {
+Atomic::store(0, &sigint_count);
+for (;;) {
+for (int i = 0; i < NSIG + 1; i++) {
+jint n = pending_signals[i];
+if (n > 0 && n == Atomic::cmpxchg(n - 1, &pending_signals[i], n)) {
+return i;
+}
+}
+if (!wait) {
+return -1;
+}
+JavaThread *thread = JavaThread::current();
+ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(thread);
+bool threadIsSuspended;
+do {
+thread->set_suspend_equivalent();
+// cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or java_suspend_self()
+::SEM_WAIT(sig_sem);
+// were we externally suspended while we were waiting?
+threadIsSuspended = thread->handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition();
+if (threadIsSuspended) {
+//
+// The semaphore has been incremented, but while we were waiting
+// another thread suspended us. We don't want to continue running
+// while suspended because that would surprise the thread that
+// suspended us.
+//
+::SEM_POST(sig_sem);
+thread->java_suspend_self();
+}
+} while (threadIsSuspended);
+}
+}
+int os::signal_lookup() {
+return check_pending_signals(false);
+}
+int os::signal_wait() {
+return check_pending_signals(true);
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// Virtual Memory
+int os::vm_page_size() {
+// Seems redundant as all get out
+assert(os::Bsd::page_size() != -1, "must call os::init");
+return os::Bsd::page_size();
+}
+// Solaris allocates memory by pages.
+int os::vm_allocation_granularity() {
+assert(os::Bsd::page_size() != -1, "must call os::init");
+return os::Bsd::page_size();
+}
+// Rationale behind this function:
+//  current (Mon Apr 25 20:12:18 MSD 2005) oprofile drops samples without executable
+//  mapping for address (see lookup_dcookie() in the kernel module), thus we cannot get
+//  samples for JITted code. Here we create private executable mapping over the code cache
+//  and then we can use standard (well, almost, as mapping can change) way to provide
+//  info for the reporting script by storing timestamp and location of symbol
+void bsd_wrap_code(char* base, size_t size) {
+static volatile jint cnt = 0;
+if (!UseOprofile) {
+return;
+}
+char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
+int num = Atomic::add(1, &cnt);
+snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX + 1, "%s/hs-vm-%d-%d",
+os::get_temp_directory(), os::current_process_id(), num);
+unlink(buf);
+int fd = ::open(buf, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, S_IRWXU);
+if (fd != -1) {
+off_t rv = ::lseek(fd, size-2, SEEK_SET);
+if (rv != (off_t)-1) {
+if (::write(fd, "", 1) == 1) {
+mmap(base, size,
+PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC,
+MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_NORESERVE, fd, 0);
+}
+}
+::close(fd);
+unlink(buf);
+}
+}
+// NOTE: Bsd kernel does not really reserve the pages for us.
+//       All it does is to check if there are enough free pages
+//       left at the time of mmap(). This could be a potential
+//       problem.
+bool os::commit_memory(char* addr, size_t size, bool exec) {
+int prot = exec ? PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC : PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE;
+#ifdef __OpenBSD__
+// XXX: Work-around mmap/MAP_FIXED bug temporarily on OpenBSD
+return ::mprotect(addr, size, prot) == 0;
+#else
+uintptr_t res = (uintptr_t) ::mmap(addr, size, prot,
+MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+return res != (uintptr_t) MAP_FAILED;
+#endif
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// Define MAP_HUGETLB here so we can build HotSpot on old systems.
+#ifndef MAP_HUGETLB
+#define MAP_HUGETLB 0x40000
+#endif
+// Define MADV_HUGEPAGE here so we can build HotSpot on old systems.
+#ifndef MADV_HUGEPAGE
+#define MADV_HUGEPAGE 14
+#endif
+#endif
+bool os::commit_memory(char* addr, size_t size, size_t alignment_hint,
+bool exec) {
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+if (UseHugeTLBFS && alignment_hint > (size_t)vm_page_size()) {
+int prot = exec ? PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC : PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE;
+uintptr_t res =
+(uintptr_t) ::mmap(addr, size, prot,
+MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_HUGETLB,
+-1, 0);
+return res != (uintptr_t) MAP_FAILED;
+}
+#endif
+return commit_memory(addr, size, exec);
+}
+void os::realign_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint) {
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+if (UseHugeTLBFS && alignment_hint > (size_t)vm_page_size()) {
+// We don't check the return value: madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) may not
+// be supported or the memory may already be backed by huge pages.
+::madvise(addr, bytes, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
+}
+#endif
+}
+void os::free_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes) {
+::madvise(addr, bytes, MADV_DONTNEED);
+}
+void os::numa_make_global(char *addr, size_t bytes) {
+}
+void os::numa_make_local(char *addr, size_t bytes, int lgrp_hint) {
+}
+bool os::numa_topology_changed()   { return false; }
+size_t os::numa_get_groups_num() {
+return 1;
+}
+int os::numa_get_group_id() {
+return 0;
+}
+size_t os::numa_get_leaf_groups(int *ids, size_t size) {
+if (size > 0) {
+ids[0] = 0;
+return 1;
+}
+return 0;
+}
+bool os::get_page_info(char *start, page_info* info) {
+return false;
+}
+char *os::scan_pages(char *start, char* end, page_info* page_expected, page_info* page_found) {
+return end;
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// Something to do with the numa-aware allocator needs these symbols
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void numa_warn(int number, char *where, ...) { }
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void numa_error(char *where) { }
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT int fork1() { return fork(); }
+// If we are running with libnuma version > 2, then we should
+// be trying to use symbols with versions 1.1
+// If we are running with earlier version, which did not have symbol versions,
+// we should use the base version.
+void* os::Bsd::libnuma_dlsym(void* handle, const char *name) {
+void *f = dlvsym(handle, name, "libnuma_1.1");
+if (f == NULL) {
+f = dlsym(handle, name);
+}
+return f;
+}
+bool os::Bsd::libnuma_init() {
+// sched_getcpu() should be in libc.
+set_sched_getcpu(CAST_TO_FN_PTR(sched_getcpu_func_t,
+dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "sched_getcpu")));
+if (sched_getcpu() != -1) { // Does it work?
+void *handle = dlopen("libnuma.so.1", RTLD_LAZY);
+if (handle != NULL) {
+set_numa_node_to_cpus(CAST_TO_FN_PTR(numa_node_to_cpus_func_t,
+libnuma_dlsym(handle, "numa_node_to_cpus")));
+set_numa_max_node(CAST_TO_FN_PTR(numa_max_node_func_t,
+libnuma_dlsym(handle, "numa_max_node")));
+set_numa_available(CAST_TO_FN_PTR(numa_available_func_t,
+libnuma_dlsym(handle, "numa_available")));
+set_numa_tonode_memory(CAST_TO_FN_PTR(numa_tonode_memory_func_t,
+libnuma_dlsym(handle, "numa_tonode_memory")));
+set_numa_interleave_memory(CAST_TO_FN_PTR(numa_interleave_memory_func_t,
+libnuma_dlsym(handle, "numa_interleave_memory")));
+if (numa_available() != -1) {
+set_numa_all_nodes((unsigned long*)libnuma_dlsym(handle, "numa_all_nodes"));
+// Create a cpu -> node mapping
+_cpu_to_node = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<int>(0, true);
+rebuild_cpu_to_node_map();
+return true;
+}
+}
+}
+return false;
+}
+// rebuild_cpu_to_node_map() constructs a table mapping cpud id to node id.
+// The table is later used in get_node_by_cpu().
+void os::Bsd::rebuild_cpu_to_node_map() {
+const size_t NCPUS = 32768; // Since the buffer size computation is very obscure
+// in libnuma (possible values are starting from 16,
+// and continuing up with every other power of 2, but less
+// than the maximum number of CPUs supported by kernel), and
+// is a subject to change (in libnuma version 2 the requirements
+// are more reasonable) we'll just hardcode the number they use
+// in the library.
+const size_t BitsPerCLong = sizeof(long) * CHAR_BIT;
+size_t cpu_num = os::active_processor_count();
+size_t cpu_map_size = NCPUS / BitsPerCLong;
+size_t cpu_map_valid_size =
+MIN2((cpu_num + BitsPerCLong - 1) / BitsPerCLong, cpu_map_size);
+cpu_to_node()->clear();
+cpu_to_node()->at_grow(cpu_num - 1);
+size_t node_num = numa_get_groups_num();
+unsigned long *cpu_map = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(unsigned long, cpu_map_size);
+for (size_t i = 0; i < node_num; i++) {
+if (numa_node_to_cpus(i, cpu_map, cpu_map_size * sizeof(unsigned long)) != -1) {
+for (size_t j = 0; j < cpu_map_valid_size; j++) {
+if (cpu_map[j] != 0) {
+for (size_t k = 0; k < BitsPerCLong; k++) {
+if (cpu_map[j] & (1UL << k)) {
+cpu_to_node()->at_put(j * BitsPerCLong + k, i);
+}
+}
+}
+}
+}
+}
+FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(unsigned long, cpu_map);
+}
+int os::Bsd::get_node_by_cpu(int cpu_id) {
+if (cpu_to_node() != NULL && cpu_id >= 0 && cpu_id < cpu_to_node()->length()) {
+return cpu_to_node()->at(cpu_id);
+}
+return -1;
+}
+GrowableArray<int>* os::Bsd::_cpu_to_node;
+os::Bsd::sched_getcpu_func_t os::Bsd::_sched_getcpu;
+os::Bsd::numa_node_to_cpus_func_t os::Bsd::_numa_node_to_cpus;
+os::Bsd::numa_max_node_func_t os::Bsd::_numa_max_node;
+os::Bsd::numa_available_func_t os::Bsd::_numa_available;
+os::Bsd::numa_tonode_memory_func_t os::Bsd::_numa_tonode_memory;
+os::Bsd::numa_interleave_memory_func_t os::Bsd::_numa_interleave_memory;
+unsigned long* os::Bsd::_numa_all_nodes;
+#endif
+bool os::uncommit_memory(char* addr, size_t size) {
+#ifdef __OpenBSD__
+// XXX: Work-around mmap/MAP_FIXED bug temporarily on OpenBSD
+return ::mprotect(addr, size, PROT_NONE) == 0;
+#else
+uintptr_t res = (uintptr_t) ::mmap(addr, size, PROT_NONE,
+MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_NORESERVE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+return res  != (uintptr_t) MAP_FAILED;
+#endif
+}
+bool os::create_stack_guard_pages(char* addr, size_t size) {
+return os::commit_memory(addr, size);
+}
+// If this is a growable mapping, remove the guard pages entirely by
+// munmap()ping them.  If not, just call uncommit_memory().
+bool os::remove_stack_guard_pages(char* addr, size_t size) {
+return os::uncommit_memory(addr, size);
+}
+static address _highest_vm_reserved_address = NULL;
+// If 'fixed' is true, anon_mmap() will attempt to reserve anonymous memory
+// at 'requested_addr'. If there are existing memory mappings at the same
+// location, however, they will be overwritten. If 'fixed' is false,
+// 'requested_addr' is only treated as a hint, the return value may or
+// may not start from the requested address. Unlike Bsd mmap(), this
+// function returns NULL to indicate failure.
+static char* anon_mmap(char* requested_addr, size_t bytes, bool fixed) {
+char * addr;
+int flags;
+flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NORESERVE | MAP_ANONYMOUS;
+if (fixed) {
+assert((uintptr_t)requested_addr % os::Bsd::page_size() == 0, "unaligned address");
+flags |= MAP_FIXED;
+}
+// Map uncommitted pages PROT_READ and PROT_WRITE, change access
+// to PROT_EXEC if executable when we commit the page.
+addr = (char*)::mmap(requested_addr, bytes, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+flags, -1, 0);
+if (addr != MAP_FAILED) {
+// anon_mmap() should only get called during VM initialization,
+// don't need lock (actually we can skip locking even it can be called
+// from multiple threads, because _highest_vm_reserved_address is just a
+// hint about the upper limit of non-stack memory regions.)
+if ((address)addr + bytes > _highest_vm_reserved_address) {
+_highest_vm_reserved_address = (address)addr + bytes;
+}
+}
+return addr == MAP_FAILED ? NULL : addr;
+}
+// Don't update _highest_vm_reserved_address, because there might be memory
+// regions above addr + size. If so, releasing a memory region only creates
+// a hole in the address space, it doesn't help prevent heap-stack collision.
+//
+static int anon_munmap(char * addr, size_t size) {
+return ::munmap(addr, size) == 0;
+}
+char* os::reserve_memory(size_t bytes, char* requested_addr,
+size_t alignment_hint) {
+return anon_mmap(requested_addr, bytes, (requested_addr != NULL));
+}
+bool os::release_memory(char* addr, size_t size) {
+return anon_munmap(addr, size);
+}
+static address highest_vm_reserved_address() {
+return _highest_vm_reserved_address;
+}
+static bool bsd_mprotect(char* addr, size_t size, int prot) {
+// Bsd wants the mprotect address argument to be page aligned.
+char* bottom = (char*)align_size_down((intptr_t)addr, os::Bsd::page_size());
+// According to SUSv3, mprotect() should only be used with mappings
+// established by mmap(), and mmap() always maps whole pages. Unaligned
+// 'addr' likely indicates problem in the VM (e.g. trying to change
+// protection of malloc'ed or statically allocated memory). Check the
+// caller if you hit this assert.
+assert(addr == bottom, "sanity check");
+size = align_size_up(pointer_delta(addr, bottom, 1) + size, os::Bsd::page_size());
+return ::mprotect(bottom, size, prot) == 0;
+}
+// Set protections specified
+bool os::protect_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes, ProtType prot,
+bool is_committed) {
+unsigned int p = 0;
+switch (prot) {
+case MEM_PROT_NONE: p = PROT_NONE; break;
+case MEM_PROT_READ: p = PROT_READ; break;
+case MEM_PROT_RW:   p = PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE; break;
+case MEM_PROT_RWX:  p = PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC; break;
+default:
+ShouldNotReachHere();
+}
+// is_committed is unused.
+return bsd_mprotect(addr, bytes, p);
+}
+bool os::guard_memory(char* addr, size_t size) {
+return bsd_mprotect(addr, size, PROT_NONE);
+}
+bool os::unguard_memory(char* addr, size_t size) {
+return bsd_mprotect(addr, size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE);
+}
+bool os::Bsd::hugetlbfs_sanity_check(bool warn, size_t page_size) {
+bool result = false;
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+void *p = mmap (NULL, page_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_HUGETLB,
+-1, 0);
+if (p != (void *) -1) {
+// We don't know if this really is a huge page or not.
+FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/self/maps", "r");
+if (fp) {
+while (!feof(fp)) {
+char chars[257];
+long x = 0;
+if (fgets(chars, sizeof(chars), fp)) {
+if (sscanf(chars, "%lx-%*x", &x) == 1
+&& x == (long)p) {
+if (strstr (chars, "hugepage")) {
+result = true;
+break;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+fclose(fp);
+}
+munmap (p, page_size);
+if (result)
+return true;
+}
+if (warn) {
+warning("HugeTLBFS is not supported by the operating system.");
+}
+#endif
+return result;
+}
+/*
+* Set the coredump_filter bits to include largepages in core dump (bit 6)
+*
+* From the coredump_filter documentation:
+*
+* - (bit 0) anonymous private memory
+* - (bit 1) anonymous shared memory
+* - (bit 2) file-backed private memory
+* - (bit 3) file-backed shared memory
+* - (bit 4) ELF header pages in file-backed private memory areas (it is
+*           effective only if the bit 2 is cleared)
+* - (bit 5) hugetlb private memory
+* - (bit 6) hugetlb shared memory
+*/
+static void set_coredump_filter(void) {
+FILE *f;
+long cdm;
+if ((f = fopen("/proc/self/coredump_filter", "r+")) == NULL) {
+return;
+}
+if (fscanf(f, "%lx", &cdm) != 1) {
+fclose(f);
+return;
+}
+rewind(f);
+if ((cdm & LARGEPAGES_BIT) == 0) {
+cdm |= LARGEPAGES_BIT;
+fprintf(f, "%#lx", cdm);
+}
+fclose(f);
+}
+// Large page support
+static size_t _large_page_size = 0;
+void os::large_page_init() {
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+if (!UseLargePages) {
+UseHugeTLBFS = false;
+UseSHM = false;
+return;
+}
+if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseHugeTLBFS) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHM)) {
+// If UseLargePages is specified on the command line try both methods,
+// if it's default, then try only HugeTLBFS.
+if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages)) {
+UseHugeTLBFS = true;
+} else {
+UseHugeTLBFS = UseSHM = true;
+}
+}
+if (LargePageSizeInBytes) {
+_large_page_size = LargePageSizeInBytes;
+} else {
+// large_page_size on Bsd is used to round up heap size. x86 uses either
+// 2M or 4M page, depending on whether PAE (Physical Address Extensions)
+// mode is enabled. AMD64/EM64T uses 2M page in 64bit mode. IA64 can use
+// page as large as 256M.
+//
+// Here we try to figure out page size by parsing /proc/meminfo and looking
+// for a line with the following format:
+//    Hugepagesize:     2048 kB
+//
+// If we can't determine the value (e.g. /proc is not mounted, or the text
+// format has been changed), we'll use the largest page size supported by
+// the processor.
+#ifndef ZERO
+_large_page_size = IA32_ONLY(4 * M) AMD64_ONLY(2 * M) IA64_ONLY(256 * M) SPARC_ONLY(4 * M)
+ARM_ONLY(2 * M) PPC_ONLY(4 * M);
+#endif // ZERO
+FILE *fp = fopen("/proc/meminfo", "r");
+if (fp) {
+while (!feof(fp)) {
+int x = 0;
+char buf[16];
+if (fscanf(fp, "Hugepagesize: %d", &x) == 1) {
+if (x && fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) && strcmp(buf, " kB\n") == 0) {
+_large_page_size = x * K;
+break;
+}
+} else {
+// skip to next line
+for (;;) {
+int ch = fgetc(fp);
+if (ch == EOF || ch == (int)'\n') break;
+}
+}
+}
+fclose(fp);
+}
+}
+// print a warning if any large page related flag is specified on command line
+bool warn_on_failure = !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseHugeTLBFS);
+const size_t default_page_size = (size_t)Bsd::page_size();
+if (_large_page_size > default_page_size) {
+_page_sizes[0] = _large_page_size;
+_page_sizes[1] = default_page_size;
+_page_sizes[2] = 0;
+}
+UseHugeTLBFS = UseHugeTLBFS &&
+Bsd::hugetlbfs_sanity_check(warn_on_failure, _large_page_size);
+if (UseHugeTLBFS)
+UseSHM = false;
+UseLargePages = UseHugeTLBFS || UseSHM;
+set_coredump_filter();
+#endif
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+#ifndef SHM_HUGETLB
+#define SHM_HUGETLB 04000
+#endif
+#endif
+char* os::reserve_memory_special(size_t bytes, char* req_addr, bool exec) {
+// "exec" is passed in but not used.  Creating the shared image for
+// the code cache doesn't have an SHM_X executable permission to check.
+assert(UseLargePages && UseSHM, "only for SHM large pages");
+key_t key = IPC_PRIVATE;
+char *addr;
+bool warn_on_failure = UseLargePages &&
+(!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) ||
+!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LargePageSizeInBytes)
+);
+char msg[128];
+// Create a large shared memory region to attach to based on size.
+// Currently, size is the total size of the heap
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+int shmid = shmget(key, bytes, SHM_HUGETLB|IPC_CREAT|SHM_R|SHM_W);
+#else
+int shmid = shmget(key, bytes, IPC_CREAT|SHM_R|SHM_W);
+#endif
+if (shmid == -1) {
+// Possible reasons for shmget failure:
+// 1. shmmax is too small for Java heap.
+//    > check shmmax value: cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
+//    > increase shmmax value: echo "0xffffffff" > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
+// 2. not enough large page memory.
+//    > check available large pages: cat /proc/meminfo
+//    > increase amount of large pages:
+//          echo new_value > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
+//      Note 1: different Bsd may use different name for this property,
+//            e.g. on Redhat AS-3 it is "hugetlb_pool".
+//      Note 2: it's possible there's enough physical memory available but
+//            they are so fragmented after a long run that they can't
+//            coalesce into large pages. Try to reserve large pages when
+//            the system is still "fresh".
+if (warn_on_failure) {
+jio_snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "Failed to reserve shared memory (errno = %d).", errno);
+warning(msg);
+}
+return NULL;
+}
+// attach to the region
+addr = (char*)shmat(shmid, req_addr, 0);
+int err = errno;
+// Remove shmid. If shmat() is successful, the actual shared memory segment
+// will be deleted when it's detached by shmdt() or when the process
+// terminates. If shmat() is not successful this will remove the shared
+// segment immediately.
+shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL);
+if ((intptr_t)addr == -1) {
+if (warn_on_failure) {
+jio_snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "Failed to attach shared memory (errno = %d).", err);
+warning(msg);
+}
+return NULL;
+}
+return addr;
+}
+bool os::release_memory_special(char* base, size_t bytes) {
+// detaching the SHM segment will also delete it, see reserve_memory_special()
+int rslt = shmdt(base);
+return rslt == 0;
+}
+size_t os::large_page_size() {
+return _large_page_size;
+}
+// HugeTLBFS allows application to commit large page memory on demand;
+// with SysV SHM the entire memory region must be allocated as shared
+// memory.
+bool os::can_commit_large_page_memory() {
+return UseHugeTLBFS;
+}
+bool os::can_execute_large_page_memory() {
+return UseHugeTLBFS;
+}
+// Reserve memory at an arbitrary address, only if that area is
+// available (and not reserved for something else).
+char* os::attempt_reserve_memory_at(size_t bytes, char* requested_addr) {
+const int max_tries = 10;
+char* base[max_tries];
+size_t size[max_tries];
+const size_t gap = 0x000000;
+// Assert only that the size is a multiple of the page size, since
+// that's all that mmap requires, and since that's all we really know
+// about at this low abstraction level.  If we need higher alignment,
+// we can either pass an alignment to this method or verify alignment
+// in one of the methods further up the call chain.  See bug 5044738.
+assert(bytes % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "reserving unexpected size block");
+// Repeatedly allocate blocks until the block is allocated at the
+// right spot. Give up after max_tries. Note that reserve_memory() will
+// automatically update _highest_vm_reserved_address if the call is
+// successful. The variable tracks the highest memory address every reserved
+// by JVM. It is used to detect heap-stack collision if running with
+// fixed-stack BsdThreads. Because here we may attempt to reserve more
+// space than needed, it could confuse the collision detecting code. To
+// solve the problem, save current _highest_vm_reserved_address and
+// calculate the correct value before return.
+address old_highest = _highest_vm_reserved_address;
+// Bsd mmap allows caller to pass an address as hint; give it a try first,
+// if kernel honors the hint then we can return immediately.
+char * addr = anon_mmap(requested_addr, bytes, false);
+if (addr == requested_addr) {
+return requested_addr;
+}
+if (addr != NULL) {
+// mmap() is successful but it fails to reserve at the requested address
+anon_munmap(addr, bytes);
+}
+int i;
+for (i = 0; i < max_tries; ++i) {
+base[i] = reserve_memory(bytes);
+if (base[i] != NULL) {
+// Is this the block we wanted?
+if (base[i] == requested_addr) {
+size[i] = bytes;
+break;
+}
+// Does this overlap the block we wanted? Give back the overlapped
+// parts and try again.
+size_t top_overlap = requested_addr + (bytes + gap) - base[i];
+if (top_overlap >= 0 && top_overlap < bytes) {
+unmap_memory(base[i], top_overlap);
+base[i] += top_overlap;
+size[i] = bytes - top_overlap;
+} else {
+size_t bottom_overlap = base[i] + bytes - requested_addr;
+if (bottom_overlap >= 0 && bottom_overlap < bytes) {
+unmap_memory(requested_addr, bottom_overlap);
+size[i] = bytes - bottom_overlap;
+} else {
+size[i] = bytes;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+// Give back the unused reserved pieces.
+for (int j = 0; j < i; ++j) {
+if (base[j] != NULL) {
+unmap_memory(base[j], size[j]);
+}
+}
+if (i < max_tries) {
+_highest_vm_reserved_address = MAX2(old_highest, (address)requested_addr + bytes);
+return requested_addr;
+} else {
+_highest_vm_reserved_address = old_highest;
+return NULL;
+}
+}
+size_t os::read(int fd, void *buf, unsigned int nBytes) {
+RESTARTABLE_RETURN_INT(::read(fd, buf, nBytes));
+}
+// TODO-FIXME: reconcile Solaris' os::sleep with the bsd variation.
+// Solaris uses poll(), bsd uses park().
+// Poll() is likely a better choice, assuming that Thread.interrupt()
+// generates a SIGUSRx signal. Note that SIGUSR1 can interfere with
+// SIGSEGV, see 4355769.
+const int NANOSECS_PER_MILLISECS = 1000000;
+int os::sleep(Thread* thread, jlong millis, bool interruptible) {
+assert(thread == Thread::current(),  "thread consistency check");
+ParkEvent * const slp = thread->_SleepEvent ;
+slp->reset() ;
+OrderAccess::fence() ;
+if (interruptible) {
+jlong prevtime = javaTimeNanos();
+for (;;) {
+if (os::is_interrupted(thread, true)) {
+return OS_INTRPT;
+}
+jlong newtime = javaTimeNanos();
+if (newtime - prevtime < 0) {
+// time moving backwards, should only happen if no monotonic clock
+// not a guarantee() because JVM should not abort on kernel/glibc bugs
+assert(!Bsd::supports_monotonic_clock(), "time moving backwards");
+} else {
+millis -= (newtime - prevtime) / NANOSECS_PER_MILLISECS;
+}
+if(millis <= 0) {
+return OS_OK;
+}
+prevtime = newtime;
+{
+assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "sanity check");
+JavaThread *jt = (JavaThread *) thread;
+ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(jt);
+OSThreadWaitState osts(jt->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
+jt->set_suspend_equivalent();
+// cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or
+// java_suspend_self() via check_and_wait_while_suspended()
+slp->park(millis);
+// were we externally suspended while we were waiting?
+jt->check_and_wait_while_suspended();
+}
+}
+} else {
+OSThreadWaitState osts(thread->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
+jlong prevtime = javaTimeNanos();
+for (;;) {
+// It'd be nice to avoid the back-to-back javaTimeNanos() calls on
+// the 1st iteration ...
+jlong newtime = javaTimeNanos();
+if (newtime - prevtime < 0) {
+// time moving backwards, should only happen if no monotonic clock
+// not a guarantee() because JVM should not abort on kernel/glibc bugs
+assert(!Bsd::supports_monotonic_clock(), "time moving backwards");
+} else {
+millis -= (newtime - prevtime) / NANOSECS_PER_MILLISECS;
+}
+if(millis <= 0) break ;
+prevtime = newtime;
+slp->park(millis);
+}
+return OS_OK ;
+}
+}
+int os::naked_sleep() {
+// %% make the sleep time an integer flag. for now use 1 millisec.
+return os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
+}
+// Sleep forever; naked call to OS-specific sleep; use with CAUTION
+void os::infinite_sleep() {
+while (true) {    // sleep forever ...
+::sleep(100);   // ... 100 seconds at a time
+}
+}
+// Used to convert frequent JVM_Yield() to nops
+bool os::dont_yield() {
+return DontYieldALot;
+}
+void os::yield() {
+sched_yield();
+}
+os::YieldResult os::NakedYield() { sched_yield(); return os::YIELD_UNKNOWN ;}
+void os::yield_all(int attempts) {
+// Yields to all threads, including threads with lower priorities
+// Threads on Bsd are all with same priority. The Solaris style
+// os::yield_all() with nanosleep(1ms) is not necessary.
+sched_yield();
+}
+// Called from the tight loops to possibly influence time-sharing heuristics
+void os::loop_breaker(int attempts) {
+os::yield_all(attempts);
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// thread priority support
+// Note: Normal Bsd applications are run with SCHED_OTHER policy. SCHED_OTHER
+// only supports dynamic priority, static priority must be zero. For real-time
+// applications, Bsd supports SCHED_RR which allows static priority (1-99).
+// However, for large multi-threaded applications, SCHED_RR is not only slower
+// than SCHED_OTHER, but also very unstable (my volano tests hang hard 4 out
+// of 5 runs - Sep 2005).
+//
+// The following code actually changes the niceness of kernel-thread/LWP. It
+// has an assumption that setpriority() only modifies one kernel-thread/LWP,
+// not the entire user process, and user level threads are 1:1 mapped to kernel
+// threads. It has always been the case, but could change in the future. For
+// this reason, the code should not be used as default (ThreadPriorityPolicy=0).
+// It is only used when ThreadPriorityPolicy=1 and requires root privilege.
+#if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+int os::java_to_os_priority[MaxPriority + 1] = {
+19,              // 0 Entry should never be used
+0,              // 1 MinPriority
+3,              // 2
+6,              // 3
+10,              // 4
+15,              // 5 NormPriority
+18,              // 6
+21,              // 7
+25,              // 8
+28,              // 9 NearMaxPriority
+31              // 10 MaxPriority
+};
+#elif defined(__APPLE__)
+/* Using Mach high-level priority assignments */
+int os::java_to_os_priority[MaxPriority + 1] = {
+0,              // 0 Entry should never be used (MINPRI_USER)
+27,              // 1 MinPriority
+28,              // 2
+29,              // 3
+30,              // 4
+31,              // 5 NormPriority (BASEPRI_DEFAULT)
+32,              // 6
+33,              // 7
+34,              // 8
+35,              // 9 NearMaxPriority
+36               // 10 MaxPriority
+};
+#else
+int os::java_to_os_priority[MaxPriority + 1] = {
+19,              // 0 Entry should never be used
+4,              // 1 MinPriority
+3,              // 2
+2,              // 3
+1,              // 4
+0,              // 5 NormPriority
+-1,              // 6
+-2,              // 7
+-3,              // 8
+-4,              // 9 NearMaxPriority
+-5               // 10 MaxPriority
+};
+#endif
+static int prio_init() {
+if (ThreadPriorityPolicy == 1) {
+// Only root can raise thread priority. Don't allow ThreadPriorityPolicy=1
+// if effective uid is not root. Perhaps, a more elegant way of doing
+// this is to test CAP_SYS_NICE capability, but that will require libcap.so
+if (geteuid() != 0) {
+if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ThreadPriorityPolicy)) {
+warning("-XX:ThreadPriorityPolicy requires root privilege on Bsd");
+}
+ThreadPriorityPolicy = 0;
+}
+}
+return 0;
+}
+OSReturn os::set_native_priority(Thread* thread, int newpri) {
+if ( !UseThreadPriorities || ThreadPriorityPolicy == 0 ) return OS_OK;
+#ifdef __OpenBSD__
+// OpenBSD pthread_setprio starves low priority threads
+return OS_OK;
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+int ret = pthread_setprio(thread->osthread()->pthread_id(), newpri);
+#elif defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+struct sched_param sp;
+int policy;
+pthread_t self = pthread_self();
+if (pthread_getschedparam(self, &policy, &sp) != 0)
+return OS_ERR;
+sp.sched_priority = newpri;
+if (pthread_setschedparam(self, policy, &sp) != 0)
+return OS_ERR;
+return OS_OK;
+#else
+int ret = setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, thread->osthread()->thread_id(), newpri);
+return (ret == 0) ? OS_OK : OS_ERR;
+#endif
+}
+OSReturn os::get_native_priority(const Thread* const thread, int *priority_ptr) {
+if ( !UseThreadPriorities || ThreadPriorityPolicy == 0 ) {
+*priority_ptr = java_to_os_priority[NormPriority];
+return OS_OK;
+}
+errno = 0;
+#if defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)
+*priority_ptr = pthread_getprio(thread->osthread()->pthread_id());
+#elif defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__NetBSD__)
+int policy;
+struct sched_param sp;
+pthread_getschedparam(pthread_self(), &policy, &sp);
+*priority_ptr = sp.sched_priority;
+#else
+*priority_ptr = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, thread->osthread()->thread_id());
+#endif
+return (*priority_ptr != -1 || errno == 0 ? OS_OK : OS_ERR);
+}
+// Hint to the underlying OS that a task switch would not be good.
+// Void return because it's a hint and can fail.
+void os::hint_no_preempt() {}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// suspend/resume support
+//  the low-level signal-based suspend/resume support is a remnant from the
+//  old VM-suspension that used to be for java-suspension, safepoints etc,
+//  within hotspot. Now there is a single use-case for this:
+//    - calling get_thread_pc() on the VMThread by the flat-profiler task
+//      that runs in the watcher thread.
+//  The remaining code is greatly simplified from the more general suspension
+//  code that used to be used.
+//
+//  The protocol is quite simple:
+//  - suspend:
+//      - sends a signal to the target thread
+//      - polls the suspend state of the osthread using a yield loop
+//      - target thread signal handler (SR_handler) sets suspend state
+//        and blocks in sigsuspend until continued
+//  - resume:
+//      - sets target osthread state to continue
+//      - sends signal to end the sigsuspend loop in the SR_handler
+//
+//  Note that the SR_lock plays no role in this suspend/resume protocol.
+//
+static void resume_clear_context(OSThread *osthread) {
+osthread->set_ucontext(NULL);
+osthread->set_siginfo(NULL);
+// notify the suspend action is completed, we have now resumed
+osthread->sr.clear_suspended();
+}
+static void suspend_save_context(OSThread *osthread, siginfo_t* siginfo, ucontext_t* context) {
+osthread->set_ucontext(context);
+osthread->set_siginfo(siginfo);
+}
+//
+// Handler function invoked when a thread's execution is suspended or
+// resumed. We have to be careful that only async-safe functions are
+// called here (Note: most pthread functions are not async safe and
+// should be avoided.)
+//
+// Note: sigwait() is a more natural fit than sigsuspend() from an
+// interface point of view, but sigwait() prevents the signal hander
+// from being run. libpthread would get very confused by not having
+// its signal handlers run and prevents sigwait()'s use with the
+// mutex granting granting signal.
+//
+// Currently only ever called on the VMThread
+//
+static void SR_handler(int sig, siginfo_t* siginfo, ucontext_t* context) {
+// Save and restore errno to avoid confusing native code with EINTR
+// after sigsuspend.
+int old_errno = errno;
+Thread* thread = Thread::current();
+OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+assert(thread->is_VM_thread(), "Must be VMThread");
+// read current suspend action
+int action = osthread->sr.suspend_action();
+if (action == SR_SUSPEND) {
+suspend_save_context(osthread, siginfo, context);
+// Notify the suspend action is about to be completed. do_suspend()
+// waits until SR_SUSPENDED is set and then returns. We will wait
+// here for a resume signal and that completes the suspend-other
+// action. do_suspend/do_resume is always called as a pair from
+// the same thread - so there are no races
+// notify the caller
+osthread->sr.set_suspended();
+sigset_t suspend_set;  // signals for sigsuspend()
+// get current set of blocked signals and unblock resume signal
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, &suspend_set);
+sigdelset(&suspend_set, SR_signum);
+// wait here until we are resumed
+do {
+sigsuspend(&suspend_set);
+// ignore all returns until we get a resume signal
+} while (osthread->sr.suspend_action() != SR_CONTINUE);
+resume_clear_context(osthread);
+} else {
+assert(action == SR_CONTINUE, "unexpected sr action");
+// nothing special to do - just leave the handler
+}
+errno = old_errno;
+}
+static int SR_initialize() {
+struct sigaction act;
+char *s;
+/* Get signal number to use for suspend/resume */
+if ((s = ::getenv("_JAVA_SR_SIGNUM")) != 0) {
+int sig = ::strtol(s, 0, 10);
+if (sig > 0 || sig < NSIG) {
+SR_signum = sig;
+}
+}
+assert(SR_signum > SIGSEGV && SR_signum > SIGBUS,
+"SR_signum must be greater than max(SIGSEGV, SIGBUS), see 4355769");
+sigemptyset(&SR_sigset);
+sigaddset(&SR_sigset, SR_signum);
+/* Set up signal handler for suspend/resume */
+act.sa_flags = SA_RESTART|SA_SIGINFO;
+act.sa_handler = (void (*)(int)) SR_handler;
+// SR_signum is blocked by default.
+// 4528190 - We also need to block pthread restart signal (32 on all
+// supported Bsd platforms). Note that BsdThreads need to block
+// this signal for all threads to work properly. So we don't have
+// to use hard-coded signal number when setting up the mask.
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, &act.sa_mask);
+if (sigaction(SR_signum, &act, 0) == -1) {
+return -1;
+}
+// Save signal flag
+os::Bsd::set_our_sigflags(SR_signum, act.sa_flags);
+return 0;
+}
+static int SR_finalize() {
+return 0;
+}
+// returns true on success and false on error - really an error is fatal
+// but this seems the normal response to library errors
+static bool do_suspend(OSThread* osthread) {
+// mark as suspended and send signal
+osthread->sr.set_suspend_action(SR_SUSPEND);
+int status = pthread_kill(osthread->pthread_id(), SR_signum);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "pthread_kill");
+// check status and wait until notified of suspension
+if (status == 0) {
+for (int i = 0; !osthread->sr.is_suspended(); i++) {
+os::yield_all(i);
+}
+osthread->sr.set_suspend_action(SR_NONE);
+return true;
+}
+else {
+osthread->sr.set_suspend_action(SR_NONE);
+return false;
+}
+}
+static void do_resume(OSThread* osthread) {
+assert(osthread->sr.is_suspended(), "thread should be suspended");
+osthread->sr.set_suspend_action(SR_CONTINUE);
+int status = pthread_kill(osthread->pthread_id(), SR_signum);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "pthread_kill");
+// check status and wait unit notified of resumption
+if (status == 0) {
+for (int i = 0; osthread->sr.is_suspended(); i++) {
+os::yield_all(i);
+}
+}
+osthread->sr.set_suspend_action(SR_NONE);
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// interrupt support
+void os::interrupt(Thread* thread) {
+assert(Thread::current() == thread || Threads_lock->owned_by_self(),
+"possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
+OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+if (!osthread->interrupted()) {
+osthread->set_interrupted(true);
+// More than one thread can get here with the same value of osthread,
+// resulting in multiple notifications.  We do, however, want the store
+// to interrupted() to be visible to other threads before we execute unpark().
+OrderAccess::fence();
+ParkEvent * const slp = thread->_SleepEvent ;
+if (slp != NULL) slp->unpark() ;
+}
+// For JSR166. Unpark even if interrupt status already was set
+if (thread->is_Java_thread())
+((JavaThread*)thread)->parker()->unpark();
+ParkEvent * ev = thread->_ParkEvent ;
+if (ev != NULL) ev->unpark() ;
+}
+bool os::is_interrupted(Thread* thread, bool clear_interrupted) {
+assert(Thread::current() == thread || Threads_lock->owned_by_self(),
+"possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
+OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+bool interrupted = osthread->interrupted();
+if (interrupted && clear_interrupted) {
+osthread->set_interrupted(false);
+// consider thread->_SleepEvent->reset() ... optional optimization
+}
+return interrupted;
+}
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// signal handling (except suspend/resume)
+// This routine may be used by user applications as a "hook" to catch signals.
+// The user-defined signal handler must pass unrecognized signals to this
+// routine, and if it returns true (non-zero), then the signal handler must
+// return immediately.  If the flag "abort_if_unrecognized" is true, then this
+// routine will never retun false (zero), but instead will execute a VM panic
+// routine kill the process.
+//
+// If this routine returns false, it is OK to call it again.  This allows
+// the user-defined signal handler to perform checks either before or after
+// the VM performs its own checks.  Naturally, the user code would be making
+// a serious error if it tried to handle an exception (such as a null check
+// or breakpoint) that the VM was generating for its own correct operation.
+//
+// This routine may recognize any of the following kinds of signals:
+//    SIGBUS, SIGSEGV, SIGILL, SIGFPE, SIGQUIT, SIGPIPE, SIGXFSZ, SIGUSR1.
+// It should be consulted by handlers for any of those signals.
+//
+// The caller of this routine must pass in the three arguments supplied
+// to the function referred to in the "sa_sigaction" (not the "sa_handler")
+// field of the structure passed to sigaction().  This routine assumes that
+// the sa_flags field passed to sigaction() includes SA_SIGINFO and SA_RESTART.
+//
+// Note that the VM will print warnings if it detects conflicting signal
+// handlers, unless invoked with the option "-XX:+AllowUserSignalHandlers".
+//
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT int
+JVM_handle_bsd_signal(int signo, siginfo_t* siginfo,
+void* ucontext, int abort_if_unrecognized);
+void signalHandler(int sig, siginfo_t* info, void* uc) {
+assert(info != NULL && uc != NULL, "it must be old kernel");
+JVM_handle_bsd_signal(sig, info, uc, true);
+}
+// This boolean allows users to forward their own non-matching signals
+// to JVM_handle_bsd_signal, harmlessly.
+bool os::Bsd::signal_handlers_are_installed = false;
+// For signal-chaining
+struct sigaction os::Bsd::sigact[MAXSIGNUM];
+unsigned int os::Bsd::sigs = 0;
+bool os::Bsd::libjsig_is_loaded = false;
+typedef struct sigaction *(*get_signal_t)(int);
+get_signal_t os::Bsd::get_signal_action = NULL;
+struct sigaction* os::Bsd::get_chained_signal_action(int sig) {
+struct sigaction *actp = NULL;
+if (libjsig_is_loaded) {
+// Retrieve the old signal handler from libjsig
+actp = (*get_signal_action)(sig);
+}
+if (actp == NULL) {
+// Retrieve the preinstalled signal handler from jvm
+actp = get_preinstalled_handler(sig);
+}
+return actp;
+}
+static bool call_chained_handler(struct sigaction *actp, int sig,
+siginfo_t *siginfo, void *context) {
+// Call the old signal handler
+if (actp->sa_handler == SIG_DFL) {
+// It's more reasonable to let jvm treat it as an unexpected exception
+// instead of taking the default action.
+return false;
+} else if (actp->sa_handler != SIG_IGN) {
+if ((actp->sa_flags & SA_NODEFER) == 0) {
+// automaticlly block the signal
+sigaddset(&(actp->sa_mask), sig);
+}
+sa_handler_t hand;
+sa_sigaction_t sa;
+bool siginfo_flag_set = (actp->sa_flags & SA_SIGINFO) != 0;
+// retrieve the chained handler
+if (siginfo_flag_set) {
+sa = actp->sa_sigaction;
+} else {
+hand = actp->sa_handler;
+}
+if ((actp->sa_flags & SA_RESETHAND) != 0) {
+actp->sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
+}
+// try to honor the signal mask
+sigset_t oset;
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &(actp->sa_mask), &oset);
+// call into the chained handler
+if (siginfo_flag_set) {
+(*sa)(sig, siginfo, context);
+} else {
+(*hand)(sig);
+}
+// restore the signal mask
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oset, 0);
+}
+// Tell jvm's signal handler the signal is taken care of.
+return true;
+}
+bool os::Bsd::chained_handler(int sig, siginfo_t* siginfo, void* context) {
+bool chained = false;
+// signal-chaining
+if (UseSignalChaining) {
+struct sigaction *actp = get_chained_signal_action(sig);
+if (actp != NULL) {
+chained = call_chained_handler(actp, sig, siginfo, context);
+}
+}
+return chained;
+}
+struct sigaction* os::Bsd::get_preinstalled_handler(int sig) {
+if ((( (unsigned int)1 << sig ) & sigs) != 0) {
+return &sigact[sig];
+}
+return NULL;
+}
+void os::Bsd::save_preinstalled_handler(int sig, struct sigaction& oldAct) {
+assert(sig > 0 && sig < MAXSIGNUM, "vm signal out of expected range");
+sigact[sig] = oldAct;
+sigs |= (unsigned int)1 << sig;
+}
+// for diagnostic
+int os::Bsd::sigflags[MAXSIGNUM];
+int os::Bsd::get_our_sigflags(int sig) {
+assert(sig > 0 && sig < MAXSIGNUM, "vm signal out of expected range");
+return sigflags[sig];
+}
+void os::Bsd::set_our_sigflags(int sig, int flags) {
+assert(sig > 0 && sig < MAXSIGNUM, "vm signal out of expected range");
+sigflags[sig] = flags;
+}
+void os::Bsd::set_signal_handler(int sig, bool set_installed) {
+// Check for overwrite.
+struct sigaction oldAct;
+sigaction(sig, (struct sigaction*)NULL, &oldAct);
+void* oldhand = oldAct.sa_sigaction
+? CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*,  oldAct.sa_sigaction)
+: CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*,  oldAct.sa_handler);
+if (oldhand != CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, SIG_DFL) &&
+oldhand != CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, SIG_IGN) &&
+oldhand != CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, (sa_sigaction_t)signalHandler)) {
+if (AllowUserSignalHandlers || !set_installed) {
+// Do not overwrite; user takes responsibility to forward to us.
+return;
+} else if (UseSignalChaining) {
+// save the old handler in jvm
+save_preinstalled_handler(sig, oldAct);
+// libjsig also interposes the sigaction() call below and saves the
+// old sigaction on it own.
+} else {
+fatal(err_msg("Encountered unexpected pre-existing sigaction handler "
+"%#lx for signal %d.", (long)oldhand, sig));
+}
+}
+struct sigaction sigAct;
+sigfillset(&(sigAct.sa_mask));
+sigAct.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
+if (!set_installed) {
+sigAct.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO|SA_RESTART;
+} else {
+sigAct.sa_sigaction = signalHandler;
+sigAct.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO|SA_RESTART;
+}
+// Save flags, which are set by ours
+assert(sig > 0 && sig < MAXSIGNUM, "vm signal out of expected range");
+sigflags[sig] = sigAct.sa_flags;
+int ret = sigaction(sig, &sigAct, &oldAct);
+assert(ret == 0, "check");
+void* oldhand2  = oldAct.sa_sigaction
+? CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, oldAct.sa_sigaction)
+: CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(void*, oldAct.sa_handler);
+assert(oldhand2 == oldhand, "no concurrent signal handler installation");
+}
+// install signal handlers for signals that HotSpot needs to
+// handle in order to support Java-level exception handling.
+void os::Bsd::install_signal_handlers() {
+if (!signal_handlers_are_installed) {
+signal_handlers_are_installed = true;
+// signal-chaining
+typedef void (*signal_setting_t)();
+signal_setting_t begin_signal_setting = NULL;
+signal_setting_t end_signal_setting = NULL;
+begin_signal_setting = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(signal_setting_t,
+dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "JVM_begin_signal_setting"));
+if (begin_signal_setting != NULL) {
+end_signal_setting = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(signal_setting_t,
+dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "JVM_end_signal_setting"));
+get_signal_action = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(get_signal_t,
+dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "JVM_get_signal_action"));
+libjsig_is_loaded = true;
+assert(UseSignalChaining, "should enable signal-chaining");
+}
+if (libjsig_is_loaded) {
+// Tell libjsig jvm is setting signal handlers
+(*begin_signal_setting)();
+}
+set_signal_handler(SIGSEGV, true);
+set_signal_handler(SIGPIPE, true);
+set_signal_handler(SIGBUS, true);
+set_signal_handler(SIGILL, true);
+set_signal_handler(SIGFPE, true);
+set_signal_handler(SIGXFSZ, true);
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+// In Mac OS X 10.4, CrashReporter will write a crash log for all 'fatal' signals, including
+// signals caught and handled by the JVM. To work around this, we reset the mach task
+// signal handler that's placed on our process by CrashReporter. This disables
+// CrashReporter-based reporting.
+//
+// This work-around is not necessary for 10.5+, as CrashReporter no longer intercedes
+// on caught fatal signals.
+//
+// Additionally, gdb installs both standard BSD signal handlers, and mach exception
+// handlers. By replacing the existing task exception handler, we disable gdb's mach
+// exception handling, while leaving the standard BSD signal handlers functional.
+kern_return_t kr;
+kr = task_set_exception_ports(mach_task_self(),
+EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS | EXC_MASK_ARITHMETIC,
+MACH_PORT_NULL,
+EXCEPTION_STATE_IDENTITY,
+MACHINE_THREAD_STATE);
+assert(kr == KERN_SUCCESS, "could not set mach task signal handler");
+#endif
+if (libjsig_is_loaded) {
+// Tell libjsig jvm finishes setting signal handlers
+(*end_signal_setting)();
+}
+// We don't activate signal checker if libjsig is in place, we trust ourselves
+// and if UserSignalHandler is installed all bets are off
+if (CheckJNICalls) {
+if (libjsig_is_loaded) {
+tty->print_cr("Info: libjsig is activated, all active signal checking is disabled");
+check_signals = false;
+}
+if (AllowUserSignalHandlers) {
+tty->print_cr("Info: AllowUserSignalHandlers is activated, all active signal checking is disabled");
+check_signals = false;
+}
+}
+}
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// This is the fastest way to get thread cpu time on Bsd.
+// Returns cpu time (user+sys) for any thread, not only for current.
+// POSIX compliant clocks are implemented in the kernels 2.6.16+.
+// It might work on 2.6.10+ with a special kernel/glibc patch.
+// For reference, please, see IEEE Std 1003.1-2004:
+//   http://www.unix.org/single_unix_specification
+jlong os::Bsd::fast_thread_cpu_time(clockid_t clockid) {
+struct timespec tp;
+int rc = os::Bsd::clock_gettime(clockid, &tp);
+assert(rc == 0, "clock_gettime is expected to return 0 code");
+return (tp.tv_sec * SEC_IN_NANOSECS) + tp.tv_nsec;
+}
+#endif
+/////
+// glibc on Bsd platform uses non-documented flag
+// to indicate, that some special sort of signal
+// trampoline is used.
+// We will never set this flag, and we should
+// ignore this flag in our diagnostic
+#ifdef SIGNIFICANT_SIGNAL_MASK
+#undef SIGNIFICANT_SIGNAL_MASK
+#endif
+#define SIGNIFICANT_SIGNAL_MASK (~0x04000000)
+static const char* get_signal_handler_name(address handler,
+char* buf, int buflen) {
+int offset;
+bool found = os::dll_address_to_library_name(handler, buf, buflen, &offset);
+if (found) {
+// skip directory names
+const char *p1, *p2;
+p1 = buf;
+size_t len = strlen(os::file_separator());
+while ((p2 = strstr(p1, os::file_separator())) != NULL) p1 = p2 + len;
+jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s+0x%x", p1, offset);
+} else {
+jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, PTR_FORMAT, handler);
+}
+return buf;
+}
+static void print_signal_handler(outputStream* st, int sig,
+char* buf, size_t buflen) {
+struct sigaction sa;
+sigaction(sig, NULL, &sa);
+// See comment for SIGNIFICANT_SIGNAL_MASK define
+sa.sa_flags &= SIGNIFICANT_SIGNAL_MASK;
+st->print("%s: ", os::exception_name(sig, buf, buflen));
+address handler = (sa.sa_flags & SA_SIGINFO)
+? CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, sa.sa_sigaction)
+: CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, sa.sa_handler);
+if (handler == CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SIG_DFL)) {
+st->print("SIG_DFL");
+} else if (handler == CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SIG_IGN)) {
+st->print("SIG_IGN");
+} else {
+st->print("[%s]", get_signal_handler_name(handler, buf, buflen));
+}
+st->print(", sa_mask[0]=" PTR32_FORMAT, *(uint32_t*)&sa.sa_mask);
+address rh = VMError::get_resetted_sighandler(sig);
+// May be, handler was resetted by VMError?
+if(rh != NULL) {
+handler = rh;
+sa.sa_flags = VMError::get_resetted_sigflags(sig) & SIGNIFICANT_SIGNAL_MASK;
+}
+st->print(", sa_flags="   PTR32_FORMAT, sa.sa_flags);
+// Check: is it our handler?
+if(handler == CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, (sa_sigaction_t)signalHandler) ||
+handler == CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, (sa_sigaction_t)SR_handler)) {
+// It is our signal handler
+// check for flags, reset system-used one!
+if((int)sa.sa_flags != os::Bsd::get_our_sigflags(sig)) {
+st->print(
+", flags was changed from " PTR32_FORMAT ", consider using jsig library",
+os::Bsd::get_our_sigflags(sig));
+}
+}
+st->cr();
+}
+#define DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(sig) \
+if (!sigismember(&check_signal_done, sig)) \
+os::Bsd::check_signal_handler(sig)
+// This method is a periodic task to check for misbehaving JNI applications
+// under CheckJNI, we can add any periodic checks here
+void os::run_periodic_checks() {
+if (check_signals == false) return;
+// SEGV and BUS if overridden could potentially prevent
+// generation of hs*.log in the event of a crash, debugging
+// such a case can be very challenging, so we absolutely
+// check the following for a good measure:
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SIGSEGV);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SIGILL);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SIGFPE);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SIGBUS);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SIGPIPE);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SIGXFSZ);
+// ReduceSignalUsage allows the user to override these handlers
+// see comments at the very top and jvm_solaris.h
+if (!ReduceSignalUsage) {
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SHUTDOWN1_SIGNAL);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SHUTDOWN2_SIGNAL);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SHUTDOWN3_SIGNAL);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(BREAK_SIGNAL);
+}
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(SR_signum);
+DO_SIGNAL_CHECK(INTERRUPT_SIGNAL);
+}
+typedef int (*os_sigaction_t)(int, const struct sigaction *, struct sigaction *);
+static os_sigaction_t os_sigaction = NULL;
+void os::Bsd::check_signal_handler(int sig) {
+char buf[O_BUFLEN];
+address jvmHandler = NULL;
+struct sigaction act;
+if (os_sigaction == NULL) {
+// only trust the default sigaction, in case it has been interposed
+os_sigaction = (os_sigaction_t)dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "sigaction");
+if (os_sigaction == NULL) return;
+}
+os_sigaction(sig, (struct sigaction*)NULL, &act);
+act.sa_flags &= SIGNIFICANT_SIGNAL_MASK;
+address thisHandler = (act.sa_flags & SA_SIGINFO)
+? CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, act.sa_sigaction)
+: CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, act.sa_handler) ;
+switch(sig) {
+case SIGSEGV:
+case SIGBUS:
+case SIGFPE:
+case SIGPIPE:
+case SIGILL:
+case SIGXFSZ:
+jvmHandler = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, (sa_sigaction_t)signalHandler);
+break;
+case SHUTDOWN1_SIGNAL:
+case SHUTDOWN2_SIGNAL:
+case SHUTDOWN3_SIGNAL:
+case BREAK_SIGNAL:
+jvmHandler = (address)user_handler();
+break;
+case INTERRUPT_SIGNAL:
+jvmHandler = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, SIG_DFL);
+break;
+default:
+if (sig == SR_signum) {
+jvmHandler = CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, (sa_sigaction_t)SR_handler);
+} else {
+return;
+}
+break;
+}
+if (thisHandler != jvmHandler) {
+tty->print("Warning: %s handler ", exception_name(sig, buf, O_BUFLEN));
+tty->print("expected:%s", get_signal_handler_name(jvmHandler, buf, O_BUFLEN));
+tty->print_cr("  found:%s", get_signal_handler_name(thisHandler, buf, O_BUFLEN));
+// No need to check this sig any longer
+sigaddset(&check_signal_done, sig);
+} else if(os::Bsd::get_our_sigflags(sig) != 0 && (int)act.sa_flags != os::Bsd::get_our_sigflags(sig)) {
+tty->print("Warning: %s handler flags ", exception_name(sig, buf, O_BUFLEN));
+tty->print("expected:" PTR32_FORMAT, os::Bsd::get_our_sigflags(sig));
+tty->print_cr("  found:" PTR32_FORMAT, act.sa_flags);
+// No need to check this sig any longer
+sigaddset(&check_signal_done, sig);
+}
+// Dump all the signal
+if (sigismember(&check_signal_done, sig)) {
+print_signal_handlers(tty, buf, O_BUFLEN);
+}
+}
+extern void report_error(char* file_name, int line_no, char* title, char* format, ...);
+extern bool signal_name(int signo, char* buf, size_t len);
+const char* os::exception_name(int exception_code, char* buf, size_t size) {
+if (0 < exception_code && exception_code <= SIGRTMAX) {
+// signal
+if (!signal_name(exception_code, buf, size)) {
+jio_snprintf(buf, size, "SIG%d", exception_code);
+}
+return buf;
+} else {
+return NULL;
+}
+}
+// this is called _before_ the most of global arguments have been parsed
+void os::init(void) {
+char dummy;   /* used to get a guess on initial stack address */
+//  first_hrtime = gethrtime();
+// With BsdThreads the JavaMain thread pid (primordial thread)
+// is different than the pid of the java launcher thread.
+// So, on Bsd, the launcher thread pid is passed to the VM
+// via the sun.java.launcher.pid property.
+// Use this property instead of getpid() if it was correctly passed.
+// See bug 6351349.
+pid_t java_launcher_pid = (pid_t) Arguments::sun_java_launcher_pid();
+_initial_pid = (java_launcher_pid > 0) ? java_launcher_pid : getpid();
+clock_tics_per_sec = CLK_TCK;
+init_random(1234567);
+ThreadCritical::initialize();
+Bsd::set_page_size(getpagesize());
+if (Bsd::page_size() == -1) {
+fatal(err_msg("os_bsd.cpp: os::init: sysconf failed (%s)",
+strerror(errno)));
+}
+init_page_sizes((size_t) Bsd::page_size());
+Bsd::initialize_system_info();
+// main_thread points to the aboriginal thread
+Bsd::_main_thread = pthread_self();
+Bsd::clock_init();
+initial_time_count = os::elapsed_counter();
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+// XXXDARWIN
+// Work around the unaligned VM callbacks in hotspot's
+// sharedRuntime. The callbacks don't use SSE2 instructions, and work on
+// Linux, Solaris, and FreeBSD. On Mac OS X, dyld (rightly so) enforces
+// alignment when doing symbol lookup. To work around this, we force early
+// binding of all symbols now, thus binding when alignment is known-good.
+_dyld_bind_fully_image_containing_address((const void *) &os::init);
+#endif
+}
+// To install functions for atexit system call
+extern "C" {
+static void perfMemory_exit_helper() {
+perfMemory_exit();
+}
+}
+// this is called _after_ the global arguments have been parsed
+jint os::init_2(void)
+{
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+Bsd::fast_thread_clock_init();
+#endif
+// Allocate a single page and mark it as readable for safepoint polling
+address polling_page = (address) ::mmap(NULL, Bsd::page_size(), PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+guarantee( polling_page != MAP_FAILED, "os::init_2: failed to allocate polling page" );
+os::set_polling_page( polling_page );
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+if(Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous)
+tty->print("[SafePoint Polling address: " INTPTR_FORMAT "]\n", (intptr_t)polling_page);
+#endif
+if (!UseMembar) {
+address mem_serialize_page = (address) ::mmap(NULL, Bsd::page_size(), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+guarantee( mem_serialize_page != NULL, "mmap Failed for memory serialize page");
+os::set_memory_serialize_page( mem_serialize_page );
+#ifndef PRODUCT
+if(Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous)
+tty->print("[Memory Serialize  Page address: " INTPTR_FORMAT "]\n", (intptr_t)mem_serialize_page);
+#endif
+}
+os::large_page_init();
+// initialize suspend/resume support - must do this before signal_sets_init()
+if (SR_initialize() != 0) {
+perror("SR_initialize failed");
+return JNI_ERR;
+}
+Bsd::signal_sets_init();
+Bsd::install_signal_handlers();
+// Check minimum allowable stack size for thread creation and to initialize
+// the java system classes, including StackOverflowError - depends on page
+// size.  Add a page for compiler2 recursion in main thread.
+// Add in 2*BytesPerWord times page size to account for VM stack during
+// class initialization depending on 32 or 64 bit VM.
+os::Bsd::min_stack_allowed = MAX2(os::Bsd::min_stack_allowed,
+(size_t)(StackYellowPages+StackRedPages+StackShadowPages+
+2*BytesPerWord COMPILER2_PRESENT(+1)) * Bsd::page_size());
+size_t threadStackSizeInBytes = ThreadStackSize * K;
+if (threadStackSizeInBytes != 0 &&
+threadStackSizeInBytes < os::Bsd::min_stack_allowed) {
+tty->print_cr("\nThe stack size specified is too small, "
+"Specify at least %dk",
+os::Bsd::min_stack_allowed/ K);
+return JNI_ERR;
+}
+// Make the stack size a multiple of the page size so that
+// the yellow/red zones can be guarded.
+JavaThread::set_stack_size_at_create(round_to(threadStackSizeInBytes,
+vm_page_size()));
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+Bsd::capture_initial_stack(JavaThread::stack_size_at_create());
+Bsd::libpthread_init();
+if (PrintMiscellaneous && (Verbose || WizardMode)) {
+tty->print_cr("[HotSpot is running with %s, %s(%s)]\n",
+Bsd::glibc_version(), Bsd::libpthread_version(),
+Bsd::is_floating_stack() ? "floating stack" : "fixed stack");
+}
+if (UseNUMA) {
+if (!Bsd::libnuma_init()) {
+UseNUMA = false;
+} else {
+if ((Bsd::numa_max_node() < 1)) {
+// There's only one node(they start from 0), disable NUMA.
+UseNUMA = false;
+}
+}
+// With SHM large pages we cannot uncommit a page, so there's not way
+// we can make the adaptive lgrp chunk resizing work. If the user specified
+// both UseNUMA and UseLargePages (or UseSHM) on the command line - warn and
+// disable adaptive resizing.
+if (UseNUMA && UseLargePages && UseSHM) {
+if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMA)) {
+if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHM)) {
+UseLargePages = false;
+} else {
+warning("UseNUMA is not fully compatible with SHM large pages, disabling adaptive resizing");
+UseAdaptiveSizePolicy = false;
+UseAdaptiveNUMAChunkSizing = false;
+}
+} else {
+UseNUMA = false;
+}
+}
+if (!UseNUMA && ForceNUMA) {
+UseNUMA = true;
+}
+}
+#endif
+if (MaxFDLimit) {
+// set the number of file descriptors to max. print out error
+// if getrlimit/setrlimit fails but continue regardless.
+struct rlimit nbr_files;
+int status = getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &nbr_files);
+if (status != 0) {
+if (PrintMiscellaneous && (Verbose || WizardMode))
+perror("os::init_2 getrlimit failed");
+} else {
+nbr_files.rlim_cur = nbr_files.rlim_max;
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+// Darwin returns RLIM_INFINITY for rlim_max, but fails with EINVAL if
+// you attempt to use RLIM_INFINITY. As per setrlimit(2), OPEN_MAX must
+// be used instead
+nbr_files.rlim_cur = MIN(OPEN_MAX, nbr_files.rlim_cur);
+#endif
+status = setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &nbr_files);
+if (status != 0) {
+if (PrintMiscellaneous && (Verbose || WizardMode))
+perror("os::init_2 setrlimit failed");
+}
+}
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// Initialize lock used to serialize thread creation (see os::create_thread)
+Bsd::set_createThread_lock(new Mutex(Mutex::leaf, "createThread_lock", false));
+#endif
+// at-exit methods are called in the reverse order of their registration.
+// atexit functions are called on return from main or as a result of a
+// call to exit(3C). There can be only 32 of these functions registered
+// and atexit() does not set errno.
+if (PerfAllowAtExitRegistration) {
+// only register atexit functions if PerfAllowAtExitRegistration is set.
+// atexit functions can be delayed until process exit time, which
+// can be problematic for embedded VM situations. Embedded VMs should
+// call DestroyJavaVM() to assure that VM resources are released.
+// note: perfMemory_exit_helper atexit function may be removed in
+// the future if the appropriate cleanup code can be added to the
+// VM_Exit VMOperation's doit method.
+if (atexit(perfMemory_exit_helper) != 0) {
+warning("os::init2 atexit(perfMemory_exit_helper) failed");
+}
+}
+// initialize thread priority policy
+prio_init();
+return JNI_OK;
+}
+// this is called at the end of vm_initialization
+void os::init_3(void) { }
+// Mark the polling page as unreadable
+void os::make_polling_page_unreadable(void) {
+if( !guard_memory((char*)_polling_page, Bsd::page_size()) )
+fatal("Could not disable polling page");
+};
+// Mark the polling page as readable
+void os::make_polling_page_readable(void) {
+if( !bsd_mprotect((char *)_polling_page, Bsd::page_size(), PROT_READ)) {
+fatal("Could not enable polling page");
+}
+};
+int os::active_processor_count() {
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+return _processor_count;
+#else
+// Bsd doesn't yet have a (official) notion of processor sets,
+// so just return the number of online processors.
+int online_cpus = ::sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+assert(online_cpus > 0 && online_cpus <= processor_count(), "sanity check");
+return online_cpus;
+#endif
+}
+bool os::distribute_processes(uint length, uint* distribution) {
+// Not yet implemented.
+return false;
+}
+bool os::bind_to_processor(uint processor_id) {
+// Not yet implemented.
+return false;
+}
+///
+// Suspends the target using the signal mechanism and then grabs the PC before
+// resuming the target. Used by the flat-profiler only
+ExtendedPC os::get_thread_pc(Thread* thread) {
+// Make sure that it is called by the watcher for the VMThread
+assert(Thread::current()->is_Watcher_thread(), "Must be watcher");
+assert(thread->is_VM_thread(), "Can only be called for VMThread");
+ExtendedPC epc;
+OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
+if (do_suspend(osthread)) {
+if (osthread->ucontext() != NULL) {
+epc = os::Bsd::ucontext_get_pc(osthread->ucontext());
+} else {
+// NULL context is unexpected, double-check this is the VMThread
+guarantee(thread->is_VM_thread(), "can only be called for VMThread");
+}
+do_resume(osthread);
+}
+// failure means pthread_kill failed for some reason - arguably this is
+// a fatal problem, but such problems are ignored elsewhere
+return epc;
+}
+int os::Bsd::safe_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *_cond, pthread_mutex_t *_mutex, const struct timespec *_abstime)
+{
+#ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+return pthread_cond_timedwait(_cond, _mutex, _abstime);
+#else
+if (is_NPTL()) {
+return pthread_cond_timedwait(_cond, _mutex, _abstime);
+} else {
+#ifndef IA64
+// 6292965: BsdThreads pthread_cond_timedwait() resets FPU control
+// word back to default 64bit precision if condvar is signaled. Java
+// wants 53bit precision.  Save and restore current value.
+int fpu = get_fpu_control_word();
+#endif // IA64
+int status = pthread_cond_timedwait(_cond, _mutex, _abstime);
+#ifndef IA64
+set_fpu_control_word(fpu);
+#endif // IA64
+return status;
+}
+#endif
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// debug support
+static address same_page(address x, address y) {
+int page_bits = -os::vm_page_size();
+if ((intptr_t(x) & page_bits) == (intptr_t(y) & page_bits))
+return x;
+else if (x > y)
+return (address)(intptr_t(y) | ~page_bits) + 1;
+else
+return (address)(intptr_t(y) & page_bits);
+}
+bool os::find(address addr, outputStream* st) {
+Dl_info dlinfo;
+memset(&dlinfo, 0, sizeof(dlinfo));
+if (dladdr(addr, &dlinfo)) {
+st->print(PTR_FORMAT ": ", addr);
+if (dlinfo.dli_sname != NULL) {
+st->print("%s+%#x", dlinfo.dli_sname,
+addr - (intptr_t)dlinfo.dli_saddr);
+} else if (dlinfo.dli_fname) {
+st->print("<offset %#x>", addr - (intptr_t)dlinfo.dli_fbase);
+} else {
+st->print("<absolute address>");
+}
+if (dlinfo.dli_fname) {
+st->print(" in %s", dlinfo.dli_fname);
+}
+if (dlinfo.dli_fbase) {
+st->print(" at " PTR_FORMAT, dlinfo.dli_fbase);
+}
+st->cr();
+if (Verbose) {
+// decode some bytes around the PC
+address begin = same_page(addr-40, addr);
+address end   = same_page(addr+40, addr);
+address       lowest = (address) dlinfo.dli_sname;
+if (!lowest)  lowest = (address) dlinfo.dli_fbase;
+if (begin < lowest)  begin = lowest;
+Dl_info dlinfo2;
+if (dladdr(end, &dlinfo2) && dlinfo2.dli_saddr != dlinfo.dli_saddr
+&& end > dlinfo2.dli_saddr && dlinfo2.dli_saddr > begin)
+end = (address) dlinfo2.dli_saddr;
+Disassembler::decode(begin, end, st);
+}
+return true;
+}
+return false;
+}
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// misc
+// This does not do anything on Bsd. This is basically a hook for being
+// able to use structured exception handling (thread-local exception filters)
+// on, e.g., Win32.
+void
+os::os_exception_wrapper(java_call_t f, JavaValue* value, methodHandle* method,
+JavaCallArguments* args, Thread* thread) {
+f(value, method, args, thread);
+}
+void os::print_statistics() {
+}
+int os::message_box(const char* title, const char* message) {
+int i;
+fdStream err(defaultStream::error_fd());
+for (i = 0; i < 78; i++) err.print_raw("=");
+err.cr();
+err.print_raw_cr(title);
+for (i = 0; i < 78; i++) err.print_raw("-");
+err.cr();
+err.print_raw_cr(message);
+for (i = 0; i < 78; i++) err.print_raw("=");
+err.cr();
+char buf[16];
+// Prevent process from exiting upon "read error" without consuming all CPU
+while (::read(0, buf, sizeof(buf)) <= 0) { ::sleep(100); }
+return buf[0] == 'y' || buf[0] == 'Y';
+}
+int os::stat(const char *path, struct stat *sbuf) {
+char pathbuf[MAX_PATH];
+if (strlen(path) > MAX_PATH - 1) {
+errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+return -1;
+}
+os::native_path(strcpy(pathbuf, path));
+return ::stat(pathbuf, sbuf);
+}
+bool os::check_heap(bool force) {
+return true;
+}
+int local_vsnprintf(char* buf, size_t count, const char* format, va_list args) {
+return ::vsnprintf(buf, count, format, args);
+}
+// Is a (classpath) directory empty?
+bool os::dir_is_empty(const char* path) {
+DIR *dir = NULL;
+struct dirent *ptr;
+dir = opendir(path);
+if (dir == NULL) return true;
+/* Scan the directory */
+bool result = true;
+char buf[sizeof(struct dirent) + MAX_PATH];
+while (result && (ptr = ::readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+if (strcmp(ptr->d_name, ".") != 0 && strcmp(ptr->d_name, "..") != 0) {
+result = false;
+}
+}
+closedir(dir);
+return result;
+}
+// This code originates from JDK's sysOpen and open64_w
+// from src/solaris/hpi/src/system_md.c
+#ifndef O_DELETE
+#define O_DELETE 0x10000
+#endif
+// Open a file. Unlink the file immediately after open returns
+// if the specified oflag has the O_DELETE flag set.
+// O_DELETE is used only in j2se/src/share/native/java/util/zip/ZipFile.c
+int os::open(const char *path, int oflag, int mode) {
+if (strlen(path) > MAX_PATH - 1) {
+errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+return -1;
+}
+int fd;
+int o_delete = (oflag & O_DELETE);
+oflag = oflag & ~O_DELETE;
+fd = ::open(path, oflag, mode);
+if (fd == -1) return -1;
+//If the open succeeded, the file might still be a directory
+{
+struct stat buf;
+int ret = ::fstat(fd, &buf);
+int st_mode = buf.st_mode;
+if (ret != -1) {
+if ((st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR) {
+errno = EISDIR;
+::close(fd);
+return -1;
+}
+} else {
+::close(fd);
+return -1;
+}
+}
+/*
+* All file descriptors that are opened in the JVM and not
+* specifically destined for a subprocess should have the
+* close-on-exec flag set.  If we don't set it, then careless 3rd
+* party native code might fork and exec without closing all
+* appropriate file descriptors (e.g. as we do in closeDescriptors in
+* UNIXProcess.c), and this in turn might:
+*
+* - cause end-of-file to fail to be detected on some file
+*   descriptors, resulting in mysterious hangs, or
+*
+* - might cause an fopen in the subprocess to fail on a system
+*   suffering from bug 1085341.
+*
+* (Yes, the default setting of the close-on-exec flag is a Unix
+* design flaw)
+*
+* See:
+* 1085341: 32-bit stdio routines should support file descriptors >255
+* 4843136: (process) pipe file descriptor from Runtime.exec not being closed
+* 6339493: (process) Runtime.exec does not close all file descriptors on Solaris 9
+*/
+#ifdef FD_CLOEXEC
+{
+int flags = ::fcntl(fd, F_GETFD);
+if (flags != -1)
+::fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags | FD_CLOEXEC);
+}
+#endif
+if (o_delete != 0) {
+::unlink(path);
+}
+return fd;
+}
+// create binary file, rewriting existing file if required
+int os::create_binary_file(const char* path, bool rewrite_existing) {
+int oflags = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT;
+if (!rewrite_existing) {
+oflags |= O_EXCL;
+}
+return ::open(path, oflags, S_IREAD | S_IWRITE);
+}
+// return current position of file pointer
+jlong os::current_file_offset(int fd) {
+return (jlong)::lseek(fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR);
+}
+// move file pointer to the specified offset
+jlong os::seek_to_file_offset(int fd, jlong offset) {
+return (jlong)::lseek(fd, (off_t)offset, SEEK_SET);
+}
+// This code originates from JDK's sysAvailable
+// from src/solaris/hpi/src/native_threads/src/sys_api_td.c
+int os::available(int fd, jlong *bytes) {
+jlong cur, end;
+int mode;
+struct stat buf;
+if (::fstat(fd, &buf) >= 0) {
+mode = buf.st_mode;
+if (S_ISCHR(mode) || S_ISFIFO(mode) || S_ISSOCK(mode)) {
+/*
+* XXX: is the following call interruptible? If so, this might
+* need to go through the INTERRUPT_IO() wrapper as for other
+* blocking, interruptible calls in this file.
+*/
+int n;
+if (::ioctl(fd, FIONREAD, &n) >= 0) {
+*bytes = n;
+return 1;
+}
+}
+}
+if ((cur = ::lseek(fd, 0L, SEEK_CUR)) == -1) {
+return 0;
+} else if ((end = ::lseek(fd, 0L, SEEK_END)) == -1) {
+return 0;
+} else if (::lseek(fd, cur, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
+return 0;
+}
+*bytes = end - cur;
+return 1;
+}
+int os::socket_available(int fd, jint *pbytes) {
+if (fd < 0)
+return OS_OK;
+int ret;
+RESTARTABLE(::ioctl(fd, FIONREAD, pbytes), ret);
+//%% note ioctl can return 0 when successful, JVM_SocketAvailable
+// is expected to return 0 on failure and 1 on success to the jdk.
+return (ret == OS_ERR) ? 0 : 1;
+}
+// Map a block of memory.
+char* os::map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
+char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
+bool allow_exec) {
+int prot;
+int flags;
+if (read_only) {
+prot = PROT_READ;
+flags = MAP_SHARED;
+} else {
+prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE;
+flags = MAP_PRIVATE;
+}
+if (allow_exec) {
+prot |= PROT_EXEC;
+}
+if (addr != NULL) {
+flags |= MAP_FIXED;
+}
+char* mapped_address = (char*)mmap(addr, (size_t)bytes, prot, flags,
+fd, file_offset);
+if (mapped_address == MAP_FAILED) {
+return NULL;
+}
+return mapped_address;
+}
+// Remap a block of memory.
+char* os::remap_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
+char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
+bool allow_exec) {
+// same as map_memory() on this OS
+return os::map_memory(fd, file_name, file_offset, addr, bytes, read_only,
+allow_exec);
+}
+// Unmap a block of memory.
+bool os::unmap_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
+return munmap(addr, bytes) == 0;
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+static jlong slow_thread_cpu_time(Thread *thread, bool user_sys_cpu_time);
+static clockid_t thread_cpu_clockid(Thread* thread) {
+pthread_t tid = thread->osthread()->pthread_id();
+clockid_t clockid;
+// Get thread clockid
+int rc = os::Bsd::pthread_getcpuclockid(tid, &clockid);
+assert(rc == 0, "pthread_getcpuclockid is expected to return 0 code");
+return clockid;
+}
+#endif
+// current_thread_cpu_time(bool) and thread_cpu_time(Thread*, bool)
+// are used by JVM M&M and JVMTI to get user+sys or user CPU time
+// of a thread.
+//
+// current_thread_cpu_time() and thread_cpu_time(Thread*) returns
+// the fast estimate available on the platform.
+jlong os::current_thread_cpu_time() {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+return os::thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), true /* user + sys */);
+#elif !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE)
+if (os::Bsd::supports_fast_thread_cpu_time()) {
+return os::Bsd::fast_thread_cpu_time(CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID);
+} else {
+// return user + sys since the cost is the same
+return slow_thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), true /* user + sys */);
+}
+#endif
+}
+jlong os::thread_cpu_time(Thread* thread) {
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+// consistent with what current_thread_cpu_time() returns
+if (os::Bsd::supports_fast_thread_cpu_time()) {
+return os::Bsd::fast_thread_cpu_time(thread_cpu_clockid(thread));
+} else {
+return slow_thread_cpu_time(thread, true /* user + sys */);
+}
+#endif
+}
+jlong os::current_thread_cpu_time(bool user_sys_cpu_time) {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+return os::thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), user_sys_cpu_time);
+#elif !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE)
+if (user_sys_cpu_time && os::Bsd::supports_fast_thread_cpu_time()) {
+return os::Bsd::fast_thread_cpu_time(CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID);
+} else {
+return slow_thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), user_sys_cpu_time);
+}
+#endif
+}
+jlong os::thread_cpu_time(Thread *thread, bool user_sys_cpu_time) {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+struct thread_basic_info tinfo;
+mach_msg_type_number_t tcount = THREAD_INFO_MAX;
+kern_return_t kr;
+mach_port_t mach_thread;
+mach_thread = pthread_mach_thread_np(thread->osthread()->thread_id());
+kr = thread_info(mach_thread, THREAD_BASIC_INFO, (thread_info_t)&tinfo, &tcount);
+if (kr != KERN_SUCCESS)
+return -1;
+if (user_sys_cpu_time) {
+jlong nanos;
+nanos = ((jlong) tinfo.system_time.seconds + tinfo.user_time.seconds) * (jlong)1000000000;
+nanos += ((jlong) tinfo.system_time.microseconds + (jlong) tinfo.user_time.microseconds) * (jlong)1000;
+return nanos;
+} else {
+return ((jlong)tinfo.user_time.seconds * 1000000000) + ((jlong)tinfo.user_time.microseconds * (jlong)1000);
+}
+#elif !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE)
+if (user_sys_cpu_time && os::Bsd::supports_fast_thread_cpu_time()) {
+return os::Bsd::fast_thread_cpu_time(thread_cpu_clockid(thread));
+} else {
+return slow_thread_cpu_time(thread, user_sys_cpu_time);
+}
+#endif
+}
+#ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE
+//
+//  -1 on error.
+//
+static jlong slow_thread_cpu_time(Thread *thread, bool user_sys_cpu_time) {
+static bool proc_pid_cpu_avail = true;
+static bool proc_task_unchecked = true;
+static const char *proc_stat_path = "/proc/%d/stat";
+pid_t  tid = thread->osthread()->thread_id();
+int i;
+char *s;
+char stat[2048];
+int statlen;
+char proc_name[64];
+int count;
+long sys_time, user_time;
+char string[64];
+char cdummy;
+int idummy;
+long ldummy;
+FILE *fp;
+// We first try accessing /proc/<pid>/cpu since this is faster to
+// process.  If this file is not present (bsd kernels 2.5 and above)
+// then we open /proc/<pid>/stat.
+if ( proc_pid_cpu_avail ) {
+sprintf(proc_name, "/proc/%d/cpu", tid);
+fp =  fopen(proc_name, "r");
+if ( fp != NULL ) {
+count = fscanf( fp, "%s %lu %lu\n", string, &user_time, &sys_time);
+fclose(fp);
+if ( count != 3 ) return -1;
+if (user_sys_cpu_time) {
+return ((jlong)sys_time + (jlong)user_time) * (1000000000 / clock_tics_per_sec);
+} else {
+return (jlong)user_time * (1000000000 / clock_tics_per_sec);
+}
+}
+else proc_pid_cpu_avail = false;
+}
+// The /proc/<tid>/stat aggregates per-process usage on
+// new Bsd kernels 2.6+ where NPTL is supported.
+// The /proc/self/task/<tid>/stat still has the per-thread usage.
+// See bug 6328462.
+// There can be no directory /proc/self/task on kernels 2.4 with NPTL
+// and possibly in some other cases, so we check its availability.
+if (proc_task_unchecked && os::Bsd::is_NPTL()) {
+// This is executed only once
+proc_task_unchecked = false;
+fp = fopen("/proc/self/task", "r");
+if (fp != NULL) {
+proc_stat_path = "/proc/self/task/%d/stat";
+fclose(fp);
+}
+}
+sprintf(proc_name, proc_stat_path, tid);
+fp = fopen(proc_name, "r");
+if ( fp == NULL ) return -1;
+statlen = fread(stat, 1, 2047, fp);
+stat[statlen] = '\0';
+fclose(fp);
+// Skip pid and the command string. Note that we could be dealing with
+// weird command names, e.g. user could decide to rename java launcher
+// to "java 1.4.2 :)", then the stat file would look like
+//                1234 (java 1.4.2 :)) R ... ...
+// We don't really need to know the command string, just find the last
+// occurrence of ")" and then start parsing from there. See bug 4726580.
+s = strrchr(stat, ')');
+i = 0;
+if (s == NULL ) return -1;
+// Skip blank chars
+do s++; while (isspace(*s));
+count = sscanf(s,"%c %d %d %d %d %d %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu %lu",
+&cdummy, &idummy, &idummy, &idummy, &idummy, &idummy,
+&ldummy, &ldummy, &ldummy, &ldummy, &ldummy,
+&user_time, &sys_time);
+if ( count != 13 ) return -1;
+if (user_sys_cpu_time) {
+return ((jlong)sys_time + (jlong)user_time) * (1000000000 / clock_tics_per_sec);
+} else {
+return (jlong)user_time * (1000000000 / clock_tics_per_sec);
+}
+}
+#endif
+void os::current_thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
+info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;       // will not wrap in less than 64 bits
+info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false;     // elapsed time not wall time
+info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false;      // elapsed time not wall time
+info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_TOTAL_CPU;  // user+system time is returned
+}
+void os::thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
+info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;       // will not wrap in less than 64 bits
+info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false;     // elapsed time not wall time
+info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false;      // elapsed time not wall time
+info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_TOTAL_CPU;  // user+system time is returned
+}
+bool os::is_thread_cpu_time_supported() {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+return true;
+#elif defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE)
+return false;
+#else
+return true;
+#endif
+}
+// System loadavg support.  Returns -1 if load average cannot be obtained.
+// Bsd doesn't yet have a (official) notion of processor sets,
+// so just return the system wide load average.
+int os::loadavg(double loadavg[], int nelem) {
+return ::getloadavg(loadavg, nelem);
+}
+void os::pause() {
+char filename[MAX_PATH];
+if (PauseAtStartupFile && PauseAtStartupFile[0]) {
+jio_snprintf(filename, MAX_PATH, PauseAtStartupFile);
+} else {
+jio_snprintf(filename, MAX_PATH, "./vm.paused.%d", current_process_id());
+}
+int fd = ::open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
+if (fd != -1) {
+struct stat buf;
+::close(fd);
+while (::stat(filename, &buf) == 0) {
+(void)::poll(NULL, 0, 100);
+}
+} else {
+jio_fprintf(stderr,
+"Could not open pause file '%s', continuing immediately.\n", filename);
+}
+}
+// Refer to the comments in os_solaris.cpp park-unpark.
+//
+// Beware -- Some versions of NPTL embody a flaw where pthread_cond_timedwait() can
+// hang indefinitely.  For instance NPTL 0.60 on 2.4.21-4ELsmp is vulnerable.
+// For specifics regarding the bug see GLIBC BUGID 261237 :
+//    http://www.mail-archive.com/debian-glibc@lists.debian.org/msg10837.html.
+// Briefly, pthread_cond_timedwait() calls with an expiry time that's not in the future
+// will either hang or corrupt the condvar, resulting in subsequent hangs if the condvar
+// is used.  (The simple C test-case provided in the GLIBC bug report manifests the
+// hang).  The JVM is vulernable via sleep(), Object.wait(timo), LockSupport.parkNanos()
+// and monitorenter when we're using 1-0 locking.  All those operations may result in
+// calls to pthread_cond_timedwait().  Using LD_ASSUME_KERNEL to use an older version
+// of libpthread avoids the problem, but isn't practical.
+//
+// Possible remedies:
+//
+// 1.   Establish a minimum relative wait time.  50 to 100 msecs seems to work.
+//      This is palliative and probabilistic, however.  If the thread is preempted
+//      between the call to compute_abstime() and pthread_cond_timedwait(), more
+//      than the minimum period may have passed, and the abstime may be stale (in the
+//      past) resultin in a hang.   Using this technique reduces the odds of a hang
+//      but the JVM is still vulnerable, particularly on heavily loaded systems.
+//
+// 2.   Modify park-unpark to use per-thread (per ParkEvent) pipe-pairs instead
+//      of the usual flag-condvar-mutex idiom.  The write side of the pipe is set
+//      NDELAY. unpark() reduces to write(), park() reduces to read() and park(timo)
+//      reduces to poll()+read().  This works well, but consumes 2 FDs per extant
+//      thread.
+//
+// 3.   Embargo pthread_cond_timedwait() and implement a native "chron" thread
+//      that manages timeouts.  We'd emulate pthread_cond_timedwait() by enqueuing
+//      a timeout request to the chron thread and then blocking via pthread_cond_wait().
+//      This also works well.  In fact it avoids kernel-level scalability impediments
+//      on certain platforms that don't handle lots of active pthread_cond_timedwait()
+//      timers in a graceful fashion.
+//
+// 4.   When the abstime value is in the past it appears that control returns
+//      correctly from pthread_cond_timedwait(), but the condvar is left corrupt.
+//      Subsequent timedwait/wait calls may hang indefinitely.  Given that, we
+//      can avoid the problem by reinitializing the condvar -- by cond_destroy()
+//      followed by cond_init() -- after all calls to pthread_cond_timedwait().
+//      It may be possible to avoid reinitialization by checking the return
+//      value from pthread_cond_timedwait().  In addition to reinitializing the
+//      condvar we must establish the invariant that cond_signal() is only called
+//      within critical sections protected by the adjunct mutex.  This prevents
+//      cond_signal() from "seeing" a condvar that's in the midst of being
+//      reinitialized or that is corrupt.  Sadly, this invariant obviates the
+//      desirable signal-after-unlock optimization that avoids futile context switching.
+//
+//      I'm also concerned that some versions of NTPL might allocate an auxilliary
+//      structure when a condvar is used or initialized.  cond_destroy()  would
+//      release the helper structure.  Our reinitialize-after-timedwait fix
+//      put excessive stress on malloc/free and locks protecting the c-heap.
+//
+// We currently use (4).  See the WorkAroundNTPLTimedWaitHang flag.
+// It may be possible to refine (4) by checking the kernel and NTPL verisons
+// and only enabling the work-around for vulnerable environments.
+// utility to compute the abstime argument to timedwait:
+// millis is the relative timeout time
+// abstime will be the absolute timeout time
+// TODO: replace compute_abstime() with unpackTime()
+static struct timespec* compute_abstime(struct timespec* abstime, jlong millis) {
+if (millis < 0)  millis = 0;
+struct timeval now;
+int status = gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+assert(status == 0, "gettimeofday");
+jlong seconds = millis / 1000;
+millis %= 1000;
+if (seconds > 50000000) { // see man cond_timedwait(3T)
+seconds = 50000000;
+}
+abstime->tv_sec = now.tv_sec  + seconds;
+long       usec = now.tv_usec + millis * 1000;
+if (usec >= 1000000) {
+abstime->tv_sec += 1;
+usec -= 1000000;
+}
+abstime->tv_nsec = usec * 1000;
+return abstime;
+}
+// Test-and-clear _Event, always leaves _Event set to 0, returns immediately.
+// Conceptually TryPark() should be equivalent to park(0).
+int os::PlatformEvent::TryPark() {
+for (;;) {
+const int v = _Event ;
+guarantee ((v == 0) || (v == 1), "invariant") ;
+if (Atomic::cmpxchg (0, &_Event, v) == v) return v  ;
+}
+}
+void os::PlatformEvent::park() {       // AKA "down()"
+// Invariant: Only the thread associated with the Event/PlatformEvent
+// may call park().
+// TODO: assert that _Assoc != NULL or _Assoc == Self
+int v ;
+for (;;) {
+v = _Event ;
+if (Atomic::cmpxchg (v-1, &_Event, v) == v) break ;
+}
+guarantee (v >= 0, "invariant") ;
+if (v == 0) {
+// Do this the hard way by blocking ...
+int status = pthread_mutex_lock(_mutex);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "mutex_lock");
+guarantee (_nParked == 0, "invariant") ;
+++ _nParked ;
+while (_Event < 0) {
+status = pthread_cond_wait(_cond, _mutex);
+// for some reason, under 2.7 lwp_cond_wait() may return ETIME ...
+// Treat this the same as if the wait was interrupted
+if (status == ETIMEDOUT) { status = EINTR; }
+assert_status(status == 0 || status == EINTR, status, "cond_wait");
+}
+-- _nParked ;
+// In theory we could move the ST of 0 into _Event past the unlock(),
+// but then we'd need a MEMBAR after the ST.
+_Event = 0 ;
+status = pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "mutex_unlock");
+}
+guarantee (_Event >= 0, "invariant") ;
+}
+int os::PlatformEvent::park(jlong millis) {
+guarantee (_nParked == 0, "invariant") ;
+int v ;
+for (;;) {
+v = _Event ;
+if (Atomic::cmpxchg (v-1, &_Event, v) == v) break ;
+}
+guarantee (v >= 0, "invariant") ;
+if (v != 0) return OS_OK ;
+// We do this the hard way, by blocking the thread.
+// Consider enforcing a minimum timeout value.
+struct timespec abst;
+compute_abstime(&abst, millis);
+int ret = OS_TIMEOUT;
+int status = pthread_mutex_lock(_mutex);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "mutex_lock");
+guarantee (_nParked == 0, "invariant") ;
+++_nParked ;
+// Object.wait(timo) will return because of
+// (a) notification
+// (b) timeout
+// (c) thread.interrupt
+//
+// Thread.interrupt and object.notify{All} both call Event::set.
+// That is, we treat thread.interrupt as a special case of notification.
+// The underlying Solaris implementation, cond_timedwait, admits
+// spurious/premature wakeups, but the JLS/JVM spec prevents the
+// JVM from making those visible to Java code.  As such, we must
+// filter out spurious wakeups.  We assume all ETIME returns are valid.
+//
+// TODO: properly differentiate simultaneous notify+interrupt.
+// In that case, we should propagate the notify to another waiter.
+while (_Event < 0) {
+status = os::Bsd::safe_cond_timedwait(_cond, _mutex, &abst);
+if (status != 0 && WorkAroundNPTLTimedWaitHang) {
+pthread_cond_destroy (_cond);
+pthread_cond_init (_cond, NULL) ;
+}
+assert_status(status == 0 || status == EINTR ||
+status == ETIMEDOUT,
+status, "cond_timedwait");
+if (!FilterSpuriousWakeups) break ;                 // previous semantics
+if (status == ETIMEDOUT) break ;
+// We consume and ignore EINTR and spurious wakeups.
+}
+--_nParked ;
+if (_Event >= 0) {
+ret = OS_OK;
+}
+_Event = 0 ;
+status = pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "mutex_unlock");
+assert (_nParked == 0, "invariant") ;
+return ret;
+}
+void os::PlatformEvent::unpark() {
+int v, AnyWaiters ;
+for (;;) {
+v = _Event ;
+if (v > 0) {
+// The LD of _Event could have reordered or be satisfied
+// by a read-aside from this processor's write buffer.
+// To avoid problems execute a barrier and then
+// ratify the value.
+OrderAccess::fence() ;
+if (_Event == v) return ;
+continue ;
+}
+if (Atomic::cmpxchg (v+1, &_Event, v) == v) break ;
+}
+if (v < 0) {
+// Wait for the thread associated with the event to vacate
+int status = pthread_mutex_lock(_mutex);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "mutex_lock");
+AnyWaiters = _nParked ;
+assert (AnyWaiters == 0 || AnyWaiters == 1, "invariant") ;
+if (AnyWaiters != 0 && WorkAroundNPTLTimedWaitHang) {
+AnyWaiters = 0 ;
+pthread_cond_signal (_cond);
+}
+status = pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "mutex_unlock");
+if (AnyWaiters != 0) {
+status = pthread_cond_signal(_cond);
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "cond_signal");
+}
+}
+// Note that we signal() _after dropping the lock for "immortal" Events.
+// This is safe and avoids a common class of  futile wakeups.  In rare
+// circumstances this can cause a thread to return prematurely from
+// cond_{timed}wait() but the spurious wakeup is benign and the victim will
+// simply re-test the condition and re-park itself.
+}
+// JSR166
+// -------------------------------------------------------
+/*
+* The solaris and bsd implementations of park/unpark are fairly
+* conservative for now, but can be improved. They currently use a
+* mutex/condvar pair, plus a a count.
+* Park decrements count if > 0, else does a condvar wait.  Unpark
+* sets count to 1 and signals condvar.  Only one thread ever waits
+* on the condvar. Contention seen when trying to park implies that someone
+* is unparking you, so don't wait. And spurious returns are fine, so there
+* is no need to track notifications.
+*/
+#define NANOSECS_PER_SEC 1000000000
+#define NANOSECS_PER_MILLISEC 1000000
+#define MAX_SECS 100000000
+/*
+* This code is common to bsd and solaris and will be moved to a
+* common place in dolphin.
+*
+* The passed in time value is either a relative time in nanoseconds
+* or an absolute time in milliseconds. Either way it has to be unpacked
+* into suitable seconds and nanoseconds components and stored in the
+* given timespec structure.
+* Given time is a 64-bit value and the time_t used in the timespec is only
+* a signed-32-bit value (except on 64-bit Bsd) we have to watch for
+* overflow if times way in the future are given. Further on Solaris versions
+* prior to 10 there is a restriction (see cond_timedwait) that the specified
+* number of seconds, in abstime, is less than current_time  + 100,000,000.
+* As it will be 28 years before "now + 100000000" will overflow we can
+* ignore overflow and just impose a hard-limit on seconds using the value
+* of "now + 100,000,000". This places a limit on the timeout of about 3.17
+* years from "now".
+*/
+static void unpackTime(struct timespec* absTime, bool isAbsolute, jlong time) {
+assert (time > 0, "convertTime");
+struct timeval now;
+int status = gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+assert(status == 0, "gettimeofday");
+time_t max_secs = now.tv_sec + MAX_SECS;
+if (isAbsolute) {
+jlong secs = time / 1000;
+if (secs > max_secs) {
+absTime->tv_sec = max_secs;
+}
+else {
+absTime->tv_sec = secs;
+}
+absTime->tv_nsec = (time % 1000) * NANOSECS_PER_MILLISEC;
+}
+else {
+jlong secs = time / NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
+if (secs >= MAX_SECS) {
+absTime->tv_sec = max_secs;
+absTime->tv_nsec = 0;
+}
+else {
+absTime->tv_sec = now.tv_sec + secs;
+absTime->tv_nsec = (time % NANOSECS_PER_SEC) + now.tv_usec*1000;
+if (absTime->tv_nsec >= NANOSECS_PER_SEC) {
+absTime->tv_nsec -= NANOSECS_PER_SEC;
+++absTime->tv_sec; // note: this must be <= max_secs
+}
+}
+}
+assert(absTime->tv_sec >= 0, "tv_sec < 0");
+assert(absTime->tv_sec <= max_secs, "tv_sec > max_secs");
+assert(absTime->tv_nsec >= 0, "tv_nsec < 0");
+assert(absTime->tv_nsec < NANOSECS_PER_SEC, "tv_nsec >= nanos_per_sec");
+}
+void Parker::park(bool isAbsolute, jlong time) {
+// Optional fast-path check:
+// Return immediately if a permit is available.
+if (_counter > 0) {
+_counter = 0 ;
+OrderAccess::fence();
+return ;
+}
+Thread* thread = Thread::current();
+assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "Must be JavaThread");
+JavaThread *jt = (JavaThread *)thread;
+// Optional optimization -- avoid state transitions if there's an interrupt pending.
+// Check interrupt before trying to wait
+if (Thread::is_interrupted(thread, false)) {
+return;
+}
+// Next, demultiplex/decode time arguments
+struct timespec absTime;
+if (time < 0 || (isAbsolute && time == 0) ) { // don't wait at all
+return;
+}
+if (time > 0) {
+unpackTime(&absTime, isAbsolute, time);
+}
+// Enter safepoint region
+// Beware of deadlocks such as 6317397.
+// The per-thread Parker:: mutex is a classic leaf-lock.
+// In particular a thread must never block on the Threads_lock while
+// holding the Parker:: mutex.  If safepoints are pending both the
+// the ThreadBlockInVM() CTOR and DTOR may grab Threads_lock.
+ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(jt);
+// Don't wait if cannot get lock since interference arises from
+// unblocking.  Also. check interrupt before trying wait
+if (Thread::is_interrupted(thread, false) || pthread_mutex_trylock(_mutex) != 0) {
+return;
+}
+int status ;
+if (_counter > 0)  { // no wait needed
+_counter = 0;
+status = pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex);
+assert (status == 0, "invariant") ;
+OrderAccess::fence();
+return;
+}
+#ifdef ASSERT
+// Don't catch signals while blocked; let the running threads have the signals.
+// (This allows a debugger to break into the running thread.)
+sigset_t oldsigs;
+sigset_t* allowdebug_blocked = os::Bsd::allowdebug_blocked_signals();
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, allowdebug_blocked, &oldsigs);
+#endif
+OSThreadWaitState osts(thread->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
+jt->set_suspend_equivalent();
+// cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or java_suspend_self()
+if (time == 0) {
+status = pthread_cond_wait (_cond, _mutex) ;
+} else {
+status = os::Bsd::safe_cond_timedwait (_cond, _mutex, &absTime) ;
+if (status != 0 && WorkAroundNPTLTimedWaitHang) {
+pthread_cond_destroy (_cond) ;
+pthread_cond_init    (_cond, NULL);
+}
+}
+assert_status(status == 0 || status == EINTR ||
+status == ETIMEDOUT,
+status, "cond_timedwait");
+#ifdef ASSERT
+pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigs, NULL);
+#endif
+_counter = 0 ;
+status = pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex) ;
+assert_status(status == 0, status, "invariant") ;
+// If externally suspended while waiting, re-suspend
+if (jt->handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition()) {
+jt->java_suspend_self();
+}
+OrderAccess::fence();
+}
+void Parker::unpark() {
+int s, status ;
+status = pthread_mutex_lock(_mutex);
+assert (status == 0, "invariant") ;
+s = _counter;
+_counter = 1;
+if (s < 1) {
+if (WorkAroundNPTLTimedWaitHang) {
+status = pthread_cond_signal (_cond) ;
+assert (status == 0, "invariant") ;
+status = pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex);
+assert (status == 0, "invariant") ;
+} else {
+status = pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex);
+assert (status == 0, "invariant") ;
+status = pthread_cond_signal (_cond) ;
+assert (status == 0, "invariant") ;
+}
+} else {
+pthread_mutex_unlock(_mutex);
+assert (status == 0, "invariant") ;
+}
+}
+/* Darwin has no "environ" in a dynamic library. */
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+#include <crt_externs.h>
+#define environ (*_NSGetEnviron())
+#else
+extern char** environ;
+#endif
+// Run the specified command in a separate process. Return its exit value,
+// or -1 on failure (e.g. can't fork a new process).
+// Unlike system(), this function can be called from signal handler. It
+// doesn't block SIGINT et al.
+int os::fork_and_exec(char* cmd) {
+const char * argv[4] = {"sh", "-c", cmd, NULL};
+// fork() in BsdThreads/NPTL is not async-safe. It needs to run
+// pthread_atfork handlers and reset pthread library. All we need is a
+// separate process to execve. Make a direct syscall to fork process.
+// On IA64 there's no fork syscall, we have to use fork() and hope for
+// the best...
+pid_t pid = fork();
+if (pid < 0) {
+// fork failed
+return -1;
+} else if (pid == 0) {
+// child process
+// execve() in BsdThreads will call pthread_kill_other_threads_np()
+// first to kill every thread on the thread list. Because this list is
+// not reset by fork() (see notes above), execve() will instead kill
+// every thread in the parent process. We know this is the only thread
+// in the new process, so make a system call directly.
+// IA64 should use normal execve() from glibc to match the glibc fork()
+// above.
+execve("/bin/sh", (char* const*)argv, environ);
+// execve failed
+_exit(-1);
+} else  {
+// copied from J2SE ..._waitForProcessExit() in UNIXProcess_md.c; we don't
+// care about the actual exit code, for now.
+int status;
+// Wait for the child process to exit.  This returns immediately if
+// the child has already exited. */
+while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0) {
+switch (errno) {
+case ECHILD: return 0;
+case EINTR: break;
+default: return -1;
+}
+}
+if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
+// The child exited normally; get its exit code.
+return WEXITSTATUS(status);
+} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
+// The child exited because of a signal
+// The best value to return is 0x80 + signal number,
+// because that is what all Unix shells do, and because
+// it allows callers to distinguish between process exit and
+// process death by signal.
+return 0x80 + WTERMSIG(status);
+} else {
+// Unknown exit code; pass it through
+return status;
+}
+}
+}
+// is_headless_jre()
+//
+// Test for the existence of libmawt in motif21 or xawt directories
+// in order to report if we are running in a headless jre
+//
+bool os::is_headless_jre() {
+struct stat statbuf;
+char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
+char libmawtpath[MAXPATHLEN];
+const char *xawtstr  = "/xawt/libmawt.so";
+const char *motifstr = "/motif21/libmawt.so";
+char *p;
+// Get path to libjvm.so
+os::jvm_path(buf, sizeof(buf));
+// Get rid of libjvm.so
+p = strrchr(buf, '/');
+if (p == NULL) return false;
+else *p = '\0';
+// Get rid of client or server
+p = strrchr(buf, '/');
+if (p == NULL) return false;
+else *p = '\0';
+// check xawt/libmawt.so
+strcpy(libmawtpath, buf);
+strcat(libmawtpath, xawtstr);
+if (::stat(libmawtpath, &statbuf) == 0) return false;
+// check motif21/libmawt.so
+strcpy(libmawtpath, buf);
+strcat(libmawtpath, motifstr);
+if (::stat(libmawtpath, &statbuf) == 0) return false;
+return true;
+}

Mercurial > hg > graal-compiler

comparison src/os/bsd/vm/os_bsd.cpp @ 3960:f08d439fab8c