--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psOldGen.cpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psOldGen.cpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
   // ObjectSpace stuff
   //
 
-  _object_space = new MutableSpace();
+  _object_space = new MutableSpace(virtual_space()->alignment());
 
   if (_object_space == NULL)
     vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not allocate an old gen space");
@@ -385,10 +385,10 @@
   start_array()->set_covered_region(new_memregion);
   Universe::heap()->barrier_set()->resize_covered_region(new_memregion);
 
-  HeapWord* const virtual_space_high = (HeapWord*) virtual_space()->high();
-
   // ALWAYS do this last!!
-  object_space()->set_end(virtual_space_high);
+  object_space()->initialize(new_memregion,
+                             SpaceDecorator::DontClear,
+                             SpaceDecorator::DontMangle);
 
   assert(new_word_size == heap_word_size(object_space()->capacity_in_bytes()),
     "Sanity");

--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psVirtualspace.cpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psVirtualspace.cpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
   _special = false;
 }
 
-bool PSVirtualSpace::expand_by(size_t bytes, bool pre_touch) {
+bool PSVirtualSpace::expand_by(size_t bytes) {
   assert(is_aligned(bytes), "arg not aligned");
   DEBUG_ONLY(PSVirtualSpaceVerifier this_verifier(this));
 
@@ -92,15 +92,6 @@
     _committed_high_addr += bytes;
   }
 
-  if (pre_touch || AlwaysPreTouch) {
-    for (char* curr = base_addr;
-         curr < _committed_high_addr;
-         curr += os::vm_page_size()) {
-      char tmp = *curr;
-      *curr = 0;
-    }
-  }
-
   return result;
 }
 
@@ -255,7 +246,7 @@
   DEBUG_ONLY(verify());
 }
 
-bool PSVirtualSpaceHighToLow::expand_by(size_t bytes, bool pre_touch) {
+bool PSVirtualSpaceHighToLow::expand_by(size_t bytes) {
   assert(is_aligned(bytes), "arg not aligned");
   DEBUG_ONLY(PSVirtualSpaceVerifier this_verifier(this));
 
@@ -269,15 +260,6 @@
     _committed_low_addr -= bytes;
   }
 
-  if (pre_touch || AlwaysPreTouch) {
-    for (char* curr = base_addr;
-         curr < _committed_high_addr;
-         curr += os::vm_page_size()) {
-      char tmp = *curr;
-      *curr = 0;
-    }
-  }
-
   return result;
 }
 

--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psVirtualspace.hpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psVirtualspace.hpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
   inline  void   set_reserved(char* low_addr, char* high_addr, bool special);
   inline  void   set_reserved(ReservedSpace rs);
   inline  void   set_committed(char* low_addr, char* high_addr);
-  virtual bool   expand_by(size_t bytes, bool pre_touch = false);
+  virtual bool   expand_by(size_t bytes);
   virtual bool   shrink_by(size_t bytes);
   virtual size_t expand_into(PSVirtualSpace* space, size_t bytes);
   void           release();
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
   PSVirtualSpaceHighToLow(ReservedSpace rs, size_t alignment);
   PSVirtualSpaceHighToLow(ReservedSpace rs);
 
-  virtual bool   expand_by(size_t bytes, bool pre_touch = false);
+  virtual bool   expand_by(size_t bytes);
   virtual bool   shrink_by(size_t bytes);
   virtual size_t expand_into(PSVirtualSpace* space, size_t bytes);
 

--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psYoungGen.cpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/psYoungGen.cpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -64,12 +64,12 @@
   }
 
   if (UseNUMA) {
-    _eden_space = new MutableNUMASpace();
+    _eden_space = new MutableNUMASpace(virtual_space()->alignment());
   } else {
-    _eden_space = new MutableSpace();
+    _eden_space = new MutableSpace(virtual_space()->alignment());
   }
-  _from_space = new MutableSpace();
-  _to_space   = new MutableSpace();
+  _from_space = new MutableSpace(virtual_space()->alignment());
+  _to_space   = new MutableSpace(virtual_space()->alignment());
 
   if (_eden_space == NULL || _from_space == NULL || _to_space == NULL) {
     vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not allocate a young gen space");

--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableNUMASpace.cpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableNUMASpace.cpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 # include "incls/_mutableNUMASpace.cpp.incl"
 
 
-MutableNUMASpace::MutableNUMASpace() {
+MutableNUMASpace::MutableNUMASpace(size_t alignment) : MutableSpace(alignment) {
   _lgrp_spaces = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP) GrowableArray<LGRPSpace*>(0, true);
   _page_size = os::vm_page_size();
   _adaptation_cycles = 0;
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@
         }
       }
       if (!found) {
-        lgrp_spaces()->append(new LGRPSpace(lgrp_ids[i]));
+        lgrp_spaces()->append(new LGRPSpace(lgrp_ids[i], alignment()));
       }
     }
 
@@ -443,10 +443,10 @@
   // Is there bottom?
   if (new_region.start() < intersection.start()) { // Yes
     // Try to coalesce small pages into a large one.
-    if (UseLargePages && page_size() >= os::large_page_size()) {
-      HeapWord* p = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t) intersection.start(), os::large_page_size());
+    if (UseLargePages && page_size() >= alignment()) {
+      HeapWord* p = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t) intersection.start(), alignment());
       if (new_region.contains(p)
-          && pointer_delta(p, new_region.start(), sizeof(char)) >= os::large_page_size()) {
+          && pointer_delta(p, new_region.start(), sizeof(char)) >= alignment()) {
         if (intersection.contains(p)) {
           intersection = MemRegion(p, intersection.end());
         } else {
@@ -462,10 +462,10 @@
   // Is there top?
   if (intersection.end() < new_region.end()) { // Yes
     // Try to coalesce small pages into a large one.
-    if (UseLargePages && page_size() >= os::large_page_size()) {
-      HeapWord* p = (HeapWord*)round_down((intptr_t) intersection.end(), os::large_page_size());
+    if (UseLargePages && page_size() >= alignment()) {
+      HeapWord* p = (HeapWord*)round_down((intptr_t) intersection.end(), alignment());
       if (new_region.contains(p)
-          && pointer_delta(new_region.end(), p, sizeof(char)) >= os::large_page_size()) {
+          && pointer_delta(new_region.end(), p, sizeof(char)) >= alignment()) {
         if (intersection.contains(p)) {
           intersection = MemRegion(intersection.start(), p);
         } else {
@@ -504,12 +504,12 @@
             // That's the only case we have to make an additional bias_region() call.
             HeapWord* start = invalid_region->start();
             HeapWord* end = invalid_region->end();
-            if (UseLargePages && page_size() >= os::large_page_size()) {
-              HeapWord *p = (HeapWord*)round_down((intptr_t) start, os::large_page_size());
+            if (UseLargePages && page_size() >= alignment()) {
+              HeapWord *p = (HeapWord*)round_down((intptr_t) start, alignment());
               if (new_region.contains(p)) {
                 start = p;
               }
-              p = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t) end, os::large_page_size());
+              p = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t) end, alignment());
               if (new_region.contains(end)) {
                 end = p;
               }
@@ -526,7 +526,8 @@
 
 void MutableNUMASpace::initialize(MemRegion mr,
                                   bool clear_space,
-                                  bool mangle_space) {
+                                  bool mangle_space,
+                                  bool setup_pages) {
   assert(clear_space, "Reallocation will destory data!");
   assert(lgrp_spaces()->length() > 0, "There should be at least one space");
 
@@ -538,7 +539,7 @@
 
   // Compute chunk sizes
   size_t prev_page_size = page_size();
-  set_page_size(UseLargePages ? os::large_page_size() : os::vm_page_size());
+  set_page_size(UseLargePages ? alignment() : os::vm_page_size());
   HeapWord* rounded_bottom = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t) bottom(), page_size());
   HeapWord* rounded_end = (HeapWord*)round_down((intptr_t) end(), page_size());
   size_t base_space_size_pages = pointer_delta(rounded_end, rounded_bottom, sizeof(char)) / page_size();
@@ -666,7 +667,7 @@
     }
 
     // Clear space (set top = bottom) but never mangle.
-    s->initialize(new_region, SpaceDecorator::Clear, SpaceDecorator::DontMangle);
+    s->initialize(new_region, SpaceDecorator::Clear, SpaceDecorator::DontMangle, MutableSpace::DontSetupPages);
 
     set_adaptation_cycles(samples_count());
   }

--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableNUMASpace.hpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableNUMASpace.hpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@
     char* last_page_scanned()            { return _last_page_scanned; }
     void set_last_page_scanned(char* p)  { _last_page_scanned = p;    }
    public:
-    LGRPSpace(int l) : _lgrp_id(l), _last_page_scanned(NULL), _allocation_failed(false) {
-      _space = new MutableSpace();
+    LGRPSpace(int l, size_t alignment) : _lgrp_id(l), _last_page_scanned(NULL), _allocation_failed(false) {
+      _space = new MutableSpace(alignment);
       _alloc_rate = new AdaptiveWeightedAverage(NUMAChunkResizeWeight);
     }
     ~LGRPSpace() {
@@ -183,10 +183,10 @@
 
  public:
   GrowableArray<LGRPSpace*>* lgrp_spaces() const     { return _lgrp_spaces;       }
-  MutableNUMASpace();
+  MutableNUMASpace(size_t alignment);
   virtual ~MutableNUMASpace();
   // Space initialization.
-  virtual void initialize(MemRegion mr, bool clear_space, bool mangle_space);
+  virtual void initialize(MemRegion mr, bool clear_space, bool mangle_space, bool setup_pages = SetupPages);
   // Update space layout if necessary. Do all adaptive resizing job.
   virtual void update();
   // Update allocation rate averages.

--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableSpace.cpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableSpace.cpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@
 # include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
 # include "incls/_mutableSpace.cpp.incl"
 
-MutableSpace::MutableSpace(): ImmutableSpace(), _top(NULL) {
+MutableSpace::MutableSpace(size_t alignment): ImmutableSpace(), _top(NULL), _alignment(alignment) {
+  assert(MutableSpace::alignment() >= 0 &&
+         MutableSpace::alignment() % os::vm_page_size() == 0,
+         "Space should be aligned");
   _mangler = new MutableSpaceMangler(this);
 }
 
@@ -33,16 +36,88 @@
   delete _mangler;
 }
 
+void MutableSpace::numa_setup_pages(MemRegion mr, bool clear_space) {
+  if (!mr.is_empty()) {
+    size_t page_size = UseLargePages ? alignment() : os::vm_page_size();
+    HeapWord *start = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t) mr.start(), page_size);
+    HeapWord *end =  (HeapWord*)round_down((intptr_t) mr.end(), page_size);
+    if (end > start) {
+      size_t size = pointer_delta(end, start, sizeof(char));
+      if (clear_space) {
+        // Prefer page reallocation to migration.
+        os::free_memory((char*)start, size);
+      }
+      os::numa_make_global((char*)start, size);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void MutableSpace::pretouch_pages(MemRegion mr) {
+  for (volatile char *p = (char*)mr.start(); p < (char*)mr.end(); p += os::vm_page_size()) {
+    char t = *p; *p = t;
+  }
+}
+
 void MutableSpace::initialize(MemRegion mr,
                               bool clear_space,
-                              bool mangle_space) {
-  HeapWord* bottom = mr.start();
-  HeapWord* end    = mr.end();
+                              bool mangle_space,
+                              bool setup_pages) {
+
+  assert(Universe::on_page_boundary(mr.start()) && Universe::on_page_boundary(mr.end()),
+         "invalid space boundaries");
 
-  assert(Universe::on_page_boundary(bottom) && Universe::on_page_boundary(end),
-         "invalid space boundaries");
-  set_bottom(bottom);
-  set_end(end);
+  if (setup_pages && (UseNUMA || AlwaysPreTouch)) {
+    // The space may move left and right or expand/shrink.
+    // We'd like to enforce the desired page placement.
+    MemRegion head, tail;
+    if (last_setup_region().is_empty()) {
+      // If it's the first initialization don't limit the amount of work.
+      head = mr;
+      tail = MemRegion(mr.end(), mr.end());
+    } else {
+      // Is there an intersection with the address space?
+      MemRegion intersection = last_setup_region().intersection(mr);
+      if (intersection.is_empty()) {
+        intersection = MemRegion(mr.end(), mr.end());
+      }
+      // All the sizes below are in words.
+      size_t head_size = 0, tail_size = 0;
+      if (mr.start() <= intersection.start()) {
+        head_size = pointer_delta(intersection.start(), mr.start());
+      }
+      if(intersection.end() <= mr.end()) {
+        tail_size = pointer_delta(mr.end(), intersection.end());
+      }
+      // Limit the amount of page manipulation if necessary.
+      if (NUMASpaceResizeRate > 0 && !AlwaysPreTouch) {
+        const size_t change_size = head_size + tail_size;
+        const float setup_rate_words = NUMASpaceResizeRate >> LogBytesPerWord;
+        head_size = MIN2((size_t)(setup_rate_words * head_size / change_size),
+                         head_size);
+        tail_size = MIN2((size_t)(setup_rate_words * tail_size / change_size),
+                         tail_size);
+      }
+      head = MemRegion(intersection.start() - head_size, intersection.start());
+      tail = MemRegion(intersection.end(), intersection.end() + tail_size);
+    }
+    assert(mr.contains(head) && mr.contains(tail), "Sanity");
+
+    if (UseNUMA) {
+      numa_setup_pages(head, clear_space);
+      numa_setup_pages(tail, clear_space);
+    }
+
+    if (AlwaysPreTouch) {
+      pretouch_pages(head);
+      pretouch_pages(tail);
+    }
+
+    // Remember where we stopped so that we can continue later.
+    set_last_setup_region(MemRegion(head.start(), tail.end()));
+  }
+
+  set_bottom(mr.start());
+  set_end(mr.end());
 
   if (clear_space) {
     clear(mangle_space);

--- a/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableSpace.hpp	Mon Jan 26 12:47:21 2009 -0800
+++ b/src/share/vm/gc_implementation/shared/mutableSpace.hpp	Tue Jan 27 18:13:59 2009 -0800
@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@
 // A MutableSpace is a subtype of ImmutableSpace that supports the
 // concept of allocation. This includes the concepts that a space may
 // be only partially full, and the querry methods that go with such
-// an assumption.
+// an assumption. MutableSpace is also responsible for minimizing the
+// page allocation time by having the memory pretouched (with
+// AlwaysPretouch) and for optimizing page placement on NUMA systems
+// by make the underlying region interleaved (with UseNUMA).
 //
 // Invariant: (ImmutableSpace +) bottom() <= top() <= end()
 // top() is inclusive and end() is exclusive.
@@ -37,15 +40,23 @@
 
   // Helper for mangling unused space in debug builds
   MutableSpaceMangler* _mangler;
-
+  // The last region which page had been setup to be interleaved.
+  MemRegion _last_setup_region;
+  size_t _alignment;
  protected:
   HeapWord* _top;
 
   MutableSpaceMangler* mangler() { return _mangler; }
 
+  void numa_setup_pages(MemRegion mr, bool clear_space);
+  void pretouch_pages(MemRegion mr);
+
+  void set_last_setup_region(MemRegion mr) { _last_setup_region = mr;   }
+  MemRegion last_setup_region() const      { return _last_setup_region; }
+
  public:
   virtual ~MutableSpace();
-  MutableSpace();
+  MutableSpace(size_t page_size);
 
   // Accessors
   HeapWord* top() const                    { return _top;    }
@@ -57,13 +68,20 @@
   virtual void set_bottom(HeapWord* value) { _bottom = value; }
   virtual void set_end(HeapWord* value)    { _end = value; }
 
+  size_t alignment()                       { return _alignment; }
+
   // Returns a subregion containing all objects in this space.
   MemRegion used_region() { return MemRegion(bottom(), top()); }
 
+  static const bool SetupPages = true;
+  static const bool DontSetupPages = false;
+
   // Initialization
   virtual void initialize(MemRegion mr,
                           bool clear_space,
-                          bool mangle_space);
+                          bool mangle_space,
+                          bool setup_pages = SetupPages);
+
   virtual void clear(bool mangle_space);
   // Does the usual initialization but optionally resets top to bottom.
 #if 0  // MANGLE_SPACE