--- a/src/share/vm/graal/graalRuntime.cpp	Sat Apr 18 19:48:30 2015 +0200
+++ b/src/share/vm/graal/graalRuntime.cpp	Wed Apr 15 18:22:11 2015 +0200
@@ -1,1139 +1,1139 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
- *
- * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
- * published by the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
- * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
- * accompanied this code).
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
- * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
- *
- * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
- * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
- * questions.
- */
-
-#include "precompiled.hpp"
-#include "asm/codeBuffer.hpp"
-#include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
-#include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
-#include "graal/graalRuntime.hpp"
-#include "graal/graalCompilerToVM.hpp"
-#include "graal/graalCompiler.hpp"
-#include "graal/graalJavaAccess.hpp"
-#include "graal/graalEnv.hpp"
-#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
-#include "prims/jvm.h"
-#include "runtime/biasedLocking.hpp"
-#include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"
-#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
-#include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
-#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
-
-jobject GraalRuntime::_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance = NULL;
-bool GraalRuntime::_HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized = false;
-bool GraalRuntime::_shutdown_called = false;
-
-void GraalRuntime::initialize_natives(JNIEnv *env, jclass c2vmClass) {
-  uintptr_t heap_end = (uintptr_t) Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end();
-  uintptr_t allocation_end = heap_end + ((uintptr_t)16) * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
-  AMD64_ONLY(guarantee(heap_end < allocation_end, "heap end too close to end of address space (might lead to erroneous TLAB allocations)"));
-  NOT_LP64(error("check TLAB allocation code for address space conflicts"));
-
-  ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
-
-  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
-  {
-    ThreadToNativeFromVM trans(THREAD);
-
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    HandleMark hm;
-
-    graal_compute_offsets();
-
-    // Ensure _non_oop_bits is initialized
-    Universe::non_oop_word();
-
-    env->RegisterNatives(c2vmClass, CompilerToVM_methods, CompilerToVM_methods_count());
-  }
-  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
-    abort_on_pending_exception(PENDING_EXCEPTION, "Could not register natives");
-  }
-}
-
-BufferBlob* GraalRuntime::initialize_buffer_blob() {
-  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
-  BufferBlob* buffer_blob = THREAD->get_buffer_blob();
-  if (buffer_blob == NULL) {
-    buffer_blob = BufferBlob::create("Graal thread-local CodeBuffer", GraalNMethodSizeLimit);
-    if (buffer_blob != NULL) {
-      THREAD->set_buffer_blob(buffer_blob);
-    }
-  }
-  return buffer_blob;
-}
-
-BasicType GraalRuntime::kindToBasicType(jchar ch) {
-  switch(ch) {
-    case 'z': return T_BOOLEAN;
-    case 'b': return T_BYTE;
-    case 's': return T_SHORT;
-    case 'c': return T_CHAR;
-    case 'i': return T_INT;
-    case 'f': return T_FLOAT;
-    case 'j': return T_LONG;
-    case 'd': return T_DOUBLE;
-    case 'a': return T_OBJECT;
-    case '-': return T_ILLEGAL;
-    default:
-      fatal(err_msg("unexpected Kind: %c", ch));
-      break;
-  }
-  return T_ILLEGAL;
-}
-
-// Simple helper to see if the caller of a runtime stub which
-// entered the VM has been deoptimized
-
-static bool caller_is_deopted() {
-  JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
-  RegisterMap reg_map(thread, false);
-  frame runtime_frame = thread->last_frame();
-  frame caller_frame = runtime_frame.sender(&reg_map);
-  assert(caller_frame.is_compiled_frame(), "must be compiled");
-  return caller_frame.is_deoptimized_frame();
-}
-
-// Stress deoptimization
-static void deopt_caller() {
-  if ( !caller_is_deopted()) {
-    JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
-    RegisterMap reg_map(thread, false);
-    frame runtime_frame = thread->last_frame();
-    frame caller_frame = runtime_frame.sender(&reg_map);
-    Deoptimization::deoptimize_frame(thread, caller_frame.id(), Deoptimization::Reason_constraint);
-    assert(caller_is_deopted(), "Must be deoptimized");
-  }
-}
-
-JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::new_instance(JavaThread* thread, Klass* klass))
-  JRT_BLOCK;
-  assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
-  instanceKlassHandle h(thread, klass);
-  h->check_valid_for_instantiation(true, CHECK);
-  // make sure klass is initialized
-  h->initialize(CHECK);
-  // allocate instance and return via TLS
-  oop obj = h->allocate_instance(CHECK);
-  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
-  JRT_BLOCK_END;
-
-  if (GraalDeferredInitBarriers) {
-    new_store_pre_barrier(thread);
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::new_array(JavaThread* thread, Klass* array_klass, jint length))
-  JRT_BLOCK;
-  // Note: no handle for klass needed since they are not used
-  //       anymore after new_objArray() and no GC can happen before.
-  //       (This may have to change if this code changes!)
-  assert(array_klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
-  oop obj;
-  if (array_klass->oop_is_typeArray()) {
-    BasicType elt_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(array_klass)->element_type();
-    obj = oopFactory::new_typeArray(elt_type, length, CHECK);
-  } else {
-    Klass* elem_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_klass)->element_klass();
-    obj = oopFactory::new_objArray(elem_klass, length, CHECK);
-  }
-  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
-  // This is pretty rare but this runtime patch is stressful to deoptimization
-  // if we deoptimize here so force a deopt to stress the path.
-  if (DeoptimizeALot) {
-    static int deopts = 0;
-    // Alternate between deoptimizing and raising an error (which will also cause a deopt)
-    if (deopts++ % 2 == 0) {
-      ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-      THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError());
-    } else {
-      deopt_caller();
-    }
-  }
-  JRT_BLOCK_END;
-
-  if (GraalDeferredInitBarriers) {
-    new_store_pre_barrier(thread);
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-void GraalRuntime::new_store_pre_barrier(JavaThread* thread) {
-  // After any safepoint, just before going back to compiled code,
-  // we inform the GC that we will be doing initializing writes to
-  // this object in the future without emitting card-marks, so
-  // GC may take any compensating steps.
-  // NOTE: Keep this code consistent with GraphKit::store_barrier.
-
-  oop new_obj = thread->vm_result();
-  if (new_obj == NULL)  return;
-
-  assert(Universe::heap()->can_elide_tlab_store_barriers(),
-         "compiler must check this first");
-  // GC may decide to give back a safer copy of new_obj.
-  new_obj = Universe::heap()->new_store_pre_barrier(thread, new_obj);
-  thread->set_vm_result(new_obj);
-}
-
-JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::new_multi_array(JavaThread* thread, Klass* klass, int rank, jint* dims))
-  assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
-  assert(rank >= 1, "rank must be nonzero");
-  oop obj = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->multi_allocate(rank, dims, CHECK);
-  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::dynamic_new_array(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* element_mirror, jint length))
-  oop obj = Reflection::reflect_new_array(element_mirror, length, CHECK);
-  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::dynamic_new_instance(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* type_mirror))
-  instanceKlassHandle klass(THREAD, java_lang_Class::as_Klass(type_mirror));
-
-  if (klass == NULL) {
-    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_InstantiationException());
-  }
-
-  // Create new instance (the receiver)
-  klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(false, CHECK);
-
-  // Make sure klass gets initialized
-  klass->initialize(CHECK);
-
-  oop obj = klass->allocate_instance(CHECK);
-  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
-JRT_END
-
-extern void vm_exit(int code);
-
-// Enter this method from compiled code handler below. This is where we transition
-// to VM mode. This is done as a helper routine so that the method called directly
-// from compiled code does not have to transition to VM. This allows the entry
-// method to see if the nmethod that we have just looked up a handler for has
-// been deoptimized while we were in the vm. This simplifies the assembly code
-// cpu directories.
-//
-// We are entering here from exception stub (via the entry method below)
-// If there is a compiled exception handler in this method, we will continue there;
-// otherwise we will unwind the stack and continue at the caller of top frame method
-// Note: we enter in Java using a special JRT wrapper. This wrapper allows us to
-// control the area where we can allow a safepoint. After we exit the safepoint area we can
-// check to see if the handler we are going to return is now in a nmethod that has
-// been deoptimized. If that is the case we return the deopt blob
-// unpack_with_exception entry instead. This makes life for the exception blob easier
-// because making that same check and diverting is painful from assembly language.
-JRT_ENTRY_NO_ASYNC(static address, exception_handler_for_pc_helper(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* ex, address pc, nmethod*& nm))
-  // Reset method handle flag.
-  thread->set_is_method_handle_return(false);
-
-  Handle exception(thread, ex);
-  nm = CodeCache::find_nmethod(pc);
-  assert(nm != NULL, "this is not an nmethod");
-  // Adjust the pc as needed/
-  if (nm->is_deopt_pc(pc)) {
-    RegisterMap map(thread, false);
-    frame exception_frame = thread->last_frame().sender(&map);
-    // if the frame isn't deopted then pc must not correspond to the caller of last_frame
-    assert(exception_frame.is_deoptimized_frame(), "must be deopted");
-    pc = exception_frame.pc();
-  }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  assert(exception.not_null(), "NULL exceptions should be handled by throw_exception");
-  assert(exception->is_oop(), "just checking");
-  // Check that exception is a subclass of Throwable, otherwise we have a VerifyError
-  if (!(exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()))) {
-    if (ExitVMOnVerifyError) vm_exit(-1);
-    ShouldNotReachHere();
-  }
-#endif
-
-  // Check the stack guard pages and reenable them if necessary and there is
-  // enough space on the stack to do so.  Use fast exceptions only if the guard
-  // pages are enabled.
-  bool guard_pages_enabled = thread->stack_yellow_zone_enabled();
-  if (!guard_pages_enabled) guard_pages_enabled = thread->reguard_stack();
-
-  if (JvmtiExport::can_post_on_exceptions()) {
-    // To ensure correct notification of exception catches and throws
-    // we have to deoptimize here.  If we attempted to notify the
-    // catches and throws during this exception lookup it's possible
-    // we could deoptimize on the way out of the VM and end back in
-    // the interpreter at the throw site.  This would result in double
-    // notifications since the interpreter would also notify about
-    // these same catches and throws as it unwound the frame.
-
-    RegisterMap reg_map(thread);
-    frame stub_frame = thread->last_frame();
-    frame caller_frame = stub_frame.sender(&reg_map);
-
-    // We don't really want to deoptimize the nmethod itself since we
-    // can actually continue in the exception handler ourselves but I
-    // don't see an easy way to have the desired effect.
-    Deoptimization::deoptimize_frame(thread, caller_frame.id(), Deoptimization::Reason_constraint);
-    assert(caller_is_deopted(), "Must be deoptimized");
-
-    return SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->unpack_with_exception_in_tls();
-  }
-
-  // ExceptionCache is used only for exceptions at call sites and not for implicit exceptions
-  if (guard_pages_enabled) {
-    address fast_continuation = nm->handler_for_exception_and_pc(exception, pc);
-    if (fast_continuation != NULL) {
-      // Set flag if return address is a method handle call site.
-      thread->set_is_method_handle_return(nm->is_method_handle_return(pc));
-      return fast_continuation;
-    }
-  }
-
-  // If the stack guard pages are enabled, check whether there is a handler in
-  // the current method.  Otherwise (guard pages disabled), force an unwind and
-  // skip the exception cache update (i.e., just leave continuation==NULL).
-  address continuation = NULL;
-  if (guard_pages_enabled) {
-
-    // New exception handling mechanism can support inlined methods
-    // with exception handlers since the mappings are from PC to PC
-
-    // debugging support
-    // tracing
-    if (TraceExceptions) {
-      ttyLocker ttyl;
-      ResourceMark rm;
-      tty->print_cr("Exception <%s> (" INTPTR_FORMAT ") thrown in compiled method <%s> at PC " INTPTR_FORMAT " for thread " INTPTR_FORMAT "",
-                    exception->print_value_string(), p2i((address)exception()), nm->method()->print_value_string(), p2i(pc), p2i(thread));
-    }
-    // for AbortVMOnException flag
-    NOT_PRODUCT(Exceptions::debug_check_abort(exception));
-
-    // Clear out the exception oop and pc since looking up an
-    // exception handler can cause class loading, which might throw an
-    // exception and those fields are expected to be clear during
-    // normal bytecode execution.
-    thread->clear_exception_oop_and_pc();
-
-    continuation = SharedRuntime::compute_compiled_exc_handler(nm, pc, exception, false, false);
-    // If an exception was thrown during exception dispatch, the exception oop may have changed
-    thread->set_exception_oop(exception());
-    thread->set_exception_pc(pc);
-
-    // the exception cache is used only by non-implicit exceptions
-    if (continuation != NULL && !SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->contains(continuation)) {
-      nm->add_handler_for_exception_and_pc(exception, pc, continuation);
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Set flag if return address is a method handle call site.
-  thread->set_is_method_handle_return(nm->is_method_handle_return(pc));
-
-  if (TraceExceptions) {
-    ttyLocker ttyl;
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    tty->print_cr("Thread " PTR_FORMAT " continuing at PC " PTR_FORMAT " for exception thrown at PC " PTR_FORMAT,
-                  p2i(thread), p2i(continuation), p2i(pc));
-  }
-
-  return continuation;
-JRT_END
-
-// Enter this method from compiled code only if there is a Java exception handler
-// in the method handling the exception.
-// We are entering here from exception stub. We don't do a normal VM transition here.
-// We do it in a helper. This is so we can check to see if the nmethod we have just
-// searched for an exception handler has been deoptimized in the meantime.
-address GraalRuntime::exception_handler_for_pc(JavaThread* thread) {
-  oop exception = thread->exception_oop();
-  address pc = thread->exception_pc();
-  // Still in Java mode
-  DEBUG_ONLY(ResetNoHandleMark rnhm);
-  nmethod* nm = NULL;
-  address continuation = NULL;
-  {
-    // Enter VM mode by calling the helper
-    ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
-    continuation = exception_handler_for_pc_helper(thread, exception, pc, nm);
-  }
-  // Back in JAVA, use no oops DON'T safepoint
-
-  // Now check to see if the nmethod we were called from is now deoptimized.
-  // If so we must return to the deopt blob and deoptimize the nmethod
-  if (nm != NULL && caller_is_deopted()) {
-    continuation = SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->unpack_with_exception_in_tls();
-  }
-
-  assert(continuation != NULL, "no handler found");
-  return continuation;
-}
-
-JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::create_null_exception(JavaThread* thread))
-  SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(thread, vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
-  thread->set_vm_result(PENDING_EXCEPTION);
-  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::create_out_of_bounds_exception(JavaThread* thread, jint index))
-  char message[jintAsStringSize];
-  sprintf(message, "%d", index);
-  SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(thread, vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), message);
-  thread->set_vm_result(PENDING_EXCEPTION);
-  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY_NO_ASYNC(void, GraalRuntime::monitorenter(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock))
-  if (TraceGraal >= 3) {
-    char type[O_BUFLEN];
-    obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(type, O_BUFLEN);
-    markOop mark = obj->mark();
-    tty->print_cr("%s: entered locking slow case with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", type=%s, mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", lock=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj), type, p2i(mark), p2i(lock));
-    tty->flush();
-  }
-#ifdef ASSERT
-  if (PrintBiasedLockingStatistics) {
-    Atomic::inc(BiasedLocking::slow_path_entry_count_addr());
-  }
-#endif
-  Handle h_obj(thread, obj);
-  assert(h_obj()->is_oop(), "must be NULL or an object");
-  if (UseBiasedLocking) {
-    // Retry fast entry if bias is revoked to avoid unnecessary inflation
-    ObjectSynchronizer::fast_enter(h_obj, lock, true, CHECK);
-  } else {
-    if (GraalUseFastLocking) {
-      // When using fast locking, the compiled code has already tried the fast case
-      ObjectSynchronizer::slow_enter(h_obj, lock, THREAD);
-    } else {
-      ObjectSynchronizer::fast_enter(h_obj, lock, false, THREAD);
-    }
-  }
-  if (TraceGraal >= 3) {
-    tty->print_cr("%s: exiting locking slow with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj));
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::monitorexit(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock))
-  assert(thread == JavaThread::current(), "threads must correspond");
-  assert(thread->last_Java_sp(), "last_Java_sp must be set");
-  // monitorexit is non-blocking (leaf routine) => no exceptions can be thrown
-  EXCEPTION_MARK;
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-  if (!obj->is_oop()) {
-    ResetNoHandleMark rhm;
-    nmethod* method = thread->last_frame().cb()->as_nmethod_or_null();
-    if (method != NULL) {
-      tty->print_cr("ERROR in monitorexit in method %s wrong obj " INTPTR_FORMAT, method->name(), p2i(obj));
-    }
-    thread->print_stack_on(tty);
-    assert(false, "invalid lock object pointer dected");
-  }
-#endif
-
-  if (GraalUseFastLocking) {
-    // When using fast locking, the compiled code has already tried the fast case
-    ObjectSynchronizer::slow_exit(obj, lock, THREAD);
-  } else {
-    ObjectSynchronizer::fast_exit(obj, lock, THREAD);
-  }
-  if (TraceGraal >= 3) {
-    char type[O_BUFLEN];
-    obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(type, O_BUFLEN);
-    tty->print_cr("%s: exited locking slow case with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", type=%s, mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", lock=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj), type, p2i(obj->mark()), p2i(lock));
-    tty->flush();
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::log_object(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, jint flags))
-  bool string =  mask_bits_are_true(flags, LOG_OBJECT_STRING);
-  bool addr = mask_bits_are_true(flags, LOG_OBJECT_ADDRESS);
-  bool newline = mask_bits_are_true(flags, LOG_OBJECT_NEWLINE);
-  if (!string) {
-    if (!addr && obj->is_oop_or_null(true)) {
-      char buf[O_BUFLEN];
-      tty->print("%s@" INTPTR_FORMAT, obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(buf, O_BUFLEN), p2i(obj));
-    } else {
-      tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
-    }
-  } else {
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    assert(obj != NULL && java_lang_String::is_instance(obj), "must be");
-    char *buf = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(obj);
-    tty->print_raw(buf);
-  }
-  if (newline) {
-    tty->cr();
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::write_barrier_pre(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj))
-  thread->satb_mark_queue().enqueue(obj);
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::write_barrier_post(JavaThread* thread, void* card_addr))
-  thread->dirty_card_queue().enqueue(card_addr);
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(jboolean, GraalRuntime::validate_object(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* parent, oopDesc* child))
-  bool ret = true;
-  if(!Universe::heap()->is_in_closed_subset(parent)) {
-    tty->print_cr("Parent Object "INTPTR_FORMAT" not in heap", p2i(parent));
-    parent->print();
-    ret=false;
-  }
-  if(!Universe::heap()->is_in_closed_subset(child)) {
-    tty->print_cr("Child Object "INTPTR_FORMAT" not in heap", p2i(child));
-    child->print();
-    ret=false;
-  }
-  return (jint)ret;
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::vm_error(JavaThread* thread, jlong where, jlong format, jlong value))
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  const char *error_msg = where == 0L ? "<internal Graal error>" : (char*) (address) where;
-  char *detail_msg = NULL;
-  if (format != 0L) {
-    const char* buf = (char*) (address) format;
-    size_t detail_msg_length = strlen(buf) * 2;
-    detail_msg = (char *) NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(u_char, detail_msg_length);
-    jio_snprintf(detail_msg, detail_msg_length, buf, value);
-  }
-  report_vm_error(__FILE__, __LINE__, error_msg, detail_msg);
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(oopDesc*, GraalRuntime::load_and_clear_exception(JavaThread* thread))
-  oop exception = thread->exception_oop();
-  assert(exception != NULL, "npe");
-  thread->set_exception_oop(NULL);
-  thread->set_exception_pc(0);
-  return exception;
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::log_printf(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* format, jlong v1, jlong v2, jlong v3))
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  assert(format != NULL && java_lang_String::is_instance(format), "must be");
-  char *buf = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(format);
-  tty->print(buf, v1, v2, v3);
-JRT_END
-
-static void decipher(jlong v, bool ignoreZero) {
-  if (v != 0 || !ignoreZero) {
-    void* p = (void *)(address) v;
-    CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(p);
-    if (cb) {
-      if (cb->is_nmethod()) {
-        char buf[O_BUFLEN];
-        tty->print("%s [" INTPTR_FORMAT "+" JLONG_FORMAT "]", cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string(buf, O_BUFLEN), p2i(cb->code_begin()), (jlong)((address)v - cb->code_begin()));
-        return;
-      }
-      cb->print_value_on(tty);
-      return;
-    }
-    if (Universe::heap()->is_in(p)) {
-      oop obj = oop(p);
-      obj->print_value_on(tty);
-      return;
-    }
-    tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT " [long: " JLONG_FORMAT ", double %lf, char %c]",p2i((void *)v), (jlong)v, (jdouble)v, (char)v);
-  }
-}
-
-JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::vm_message(jboolean vmError, jlong format, jlong v1, jlong v2, jlong v3))
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  char *buf = (char*) (address) format;
-  if (vmError) {
-    if (buf != NULL) {
-      fatal(err_msg(buf, v1, v2, v3));
-    } else {
-      fatal("<anonymous error>");
-    }
-  } else if (buf != NULL) {
-    tty->print(buf, v1, v2, v3);
-  } else {
-    assert(v2 == 0, "v2 != 0");
-    assert(v3 == 0, "v3 != 0");
-    decipher(v1, false);
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::log_primitive(JavaThread* thread, jchar typeChar, jlong value, jboolean newline))
-  union {
-      jlong l;
-      jdouble d;
-      jfloat f;
-  } uu;
-  uu.l = value;
-  switch (typeChar) {
-    case 'z': tty->print(value == 0 ? "false" : "true"); break;
-    case 'b': tty->print("%d", (jbyte) value); break;
-    case 'c': tty->print("%c", (jchar) value); break;
-    case 's': tty->print("%d", (jshort) value); break;
-    case 'i': tty->print("%d", (jint) value); break;
-    case 'f': tty->print("%f", uu.f); break;
-    case 'j': tty->print(JLONG_FORMAT, value); break;
-    case 'd': tty->print("%lf", uu.d); break;
-    default: assert(false, "unknown typeChar"); break;
-  }
-  if (newline) {
-    tty->cr();
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY(jint, GraalRuntime::identity_hash_code(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj))
-  return (jint) obj->identity_hash();
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY(jboolean, GraalRuntime::thread_is_interrupted(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* receiver, jboolean clear_interrupted))
-  // Ensure that the C++ Thread and OSThread structures aren't freed before we operate
-  Handle receiverHandle(thread, receiver);
-  MutexLockerEx ml(thread->threadObj() == (void*)receiver ? NULL : Threads_lock);
-  JavaThread* receiverThread = java_lang_Thread::thread(receiverHandle());
-  if (receiverThread == NULL) {
-    // The other thread may exit during this process, which is ok so return false.
-    return JNI_FALSE;
-  } else {
-    return (jint) Thread::is_interrupted(receiverThread, clear_interrupted != 0);
-  }
-JRT_END
-
-JRT_ENTRY(jint, GraalRuntime::test_deoptimize_call_int(JavaThread* thread, int value))
-  deopt_caller();
-  return value;
-JRT_END
-
-// private static void Factory.init()
-JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_InitGraalClassLoader(JNIEnv *env, jclass c, jobject loader_handle))
-  SystemDictionary::init_graal_loader(JNIHandles::resolve(loader_handle));
-  SystemDictionary::WKID scan = SystemDictionary::FIRST_GRAAL_WKID;
-  SystemDictionary::initialize_wk_klasses_through(SystemDictionary::LAST_GRAAL_WKID, scan, CHECK);
-JVM_END
-
-// private static GraalRuntime Graal.initializeRuntime()
-JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_GetGraalRuntime(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
-  GraalRuntime::initialize_HotSpotGraalRuntime();
-  return GraalRuntime::get_HotSpotGraalRuntime_jobject();
-JVM_END
-
-// private static String[] Services.getServiceImpls(Class service)
-JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_GetGraalServiceImpls(JNIEnv *env, jclass c, jclass serviceClass))
-  HandleMark hm;
-  ResourceMark rm;
-  KlassHandle serviceKlass(THREAD, java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(serviceClass)));
-  return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, GraalRuntime::get_service_impls(serviceKlass, THREAD)());
-JVM_END
-
-// private static TruffleRuntime Truffle.createRuntime()
-JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_CreateTruffleRuntime(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
-  GraalRuntime::ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
-  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/truffle/hotspot/HotSpotTruffleRuntime", CHECK_NULL);
-  KlassHandle klass = GraalRuntime::resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_NULL);
-
-  TempNewSymbol makeInstance = SymbolTable::new_symbol("makeInstance", CHECK_NULL);
-  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol("()Lcom/oracle/truffle/api/TruffleRuntime;", CHECK_NULL);
-  JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
-  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, makeInstance, sig, CHECK_NULL);
-  return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, (oop) result.get_jobject());
-JVM_END
-
-// private static NativeFunctionInterfaceRuntime.createInterface()
-JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_CreateNativeFunctionInterface(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
-  GraalRuntime::ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
-  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/truffle/hotspot/HotSpotTruffleRuntime", CHECK_NULL);
-  KlassHandle klass = GraalRuntime::resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_NULL);
-
-  TempNewSymbol makeInstance = SymbolTable::new_symbol("createNativeFunctionInterface", CHECK_NULL);
-  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol("()Lcom/oracle/nfi/api/NativeFunctionInterface;", CHECK_NULL);
-  JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
-  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, makeInstance, sig, CHECK_NULL);
-  return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, (oop) result.get_jobject());
-JVM_END
-
-void GraalRuntime::check_generated_sources_sha1(TRAPS) {
-  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/sourcegen/GeneratedSourcesSha1", CHECK_ABORT);
-  KlassHandle klass = load_required_class(name);
-  fieldDescriptor fd;
-  if (!InstanceKlass::cast(klass())->find_field(vmSymbols::value_name(), vmSymbols::string_signature(), true, &fd)) {
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), "GeneratedSourcesSha1.value");
-  }
-
-  Symbol* value = java_lang_String::as_symbol(klass->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset()), CHECK);
-  if (!value->equals(_generated_sources_sha1)) {
-    char buf[200];
-    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Generated sources SHA1 check failed (%s != %s) - need to rebuild the VM", value->as_C_string(), _generated_sources_sha1);
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf);
-  }
-}
-
-Handle GraalRuntime::callInitializer(const char* className, const char* methodName, const char* returnType) {
-  guarantee(!_HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized, "cannot reinitialize HotSpotGraalRuntime");
-  Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
-  check_generated_sources_sha1(CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
-
-  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(className, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
-  KlassHandle klass = load_required_class(name);
-  TempNewSymbol runtime = SymbolTable::new_symbol(methodName, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
-  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol(returnType, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
-  JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
-  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, runtime, sig, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
-  return Handle((oop)result.get_jobject());
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::initialize_HotSpotGraalRuntime() {
-  if (JNIHandles::resolve(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance) == NULL) {
-#ifdef ASSERT
-    // This should only be called in the context of the Graal class being initialized
-    Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
-    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/api/runtime/Graal", CHECK_ABORT);
-    instanceKlassHandle klass = InstanceKlass::cast(load_required_class(name));
-    assert(klass->is_being_initialized() && klass->is_reentrant_initialization(THREAD),
-           "HotSpotGraalRuntime initialization should only be triggered through Graal initialization");
-#endif
-
-    Handle result = callInitializer("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotGraalRuntime", "runtime",
-                                    "()Lcom/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotGraalRuntime;");
-    _HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized = true;
-    _HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance = JNIHandles::make_global(result());
-  }
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::initialize_Graal() {
-  if (JNIHandles::resolve(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance) == NULL) {
-    callInitializer("com/oracle/graal/api/runtime/Graal",     "getRuntime",      "()Lcom/oracle/graal/api/runtime/GraalRuntime;");
-  }
-  assert(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized == true, "what?");
-}
-
-// private static void CompilerToVMImpl.init()
-JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_InitializeGraalNatives(JNIEnv *env, jclass c2vmClass))
-  GraalRuntime::initialize_natives(env, c2vmClass);
-JVM_END
-
-// private static boolean HotSpotOptions.parseVMOptions()
-JVM_ENTRY(jboolean, JVM_ParseGraalOptions(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
-  HandleMark hm;
-  KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass(THREAD, java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(c)));
-  bool result = GraalRuntime::parse_arguments(hotSpotOptionsClass, CHECK_false);
-  return result;
-JVM_END
-
-
-void GraalRuntime::ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized() {
-  // This initialization code is guarded by a static pointer to the Factory class.
-  // Once it is non-null, the Graal class loader and well known Graal classes are
-  // guaranteed to have been initialized. By going through the static
-  // initializer of Factory, we can rely on class initialization semantics to
-  // synchronize threads racing to do the initialization.
-  static Klass* _FactoryKlass = NULL;
-  if (_FactoryKlass == NULL) {
-    Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
-    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/loader/Factory", CHECK_ABORT);
-    KlassHandle klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, true, THREAD);
-    if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
-      static volatile int seen_error = 0;
-      if (!seen_error && Atomic::cmpxchg(1, &seen_error, 0) == 0) {
-        // Only report the failure on the first thread that hits it
-        abort_on_pending_exception(PENDING_EXCEPTION, "Graal classes are not available");
-      } else {
-        CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-        // Give first thread time to report the error.
-        os::sleep(THREAD, 100, false);
-        vm_abort(false);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // We cannot use graalJavaAccess for this because we are currently in the
-    // process of initializing that mechanism.
-    TempNewSymbol field_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("useGraalClassLoader", CHECK_ABORT);
-    fieldDescriptor field_desc;
-    if (klass->find_field(field_name, vmSymbols::bool_signature(), &field_desc) == NULL) {
-      ResourceMark rm;
-      fatal(err_msg("Invalid layout of %s at %s", field_name->as_C_string(), klass->external_name()));
-    }
-
-    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass());
-    address addr = ik->static_field_addr(field_desc.offset() - InstanceMirrorKlass::offset_of_static_fields());
-    *((jboolean *) addr) = (jboolean) UseGraalClassLoader;
-    klass->initialize(CHECK_ABORT);
-    _FactoryKlass = klass();
-  }
-}
-
-jint GraalRuntime::check_arguments(TRAPS) {
-  KlassHandle nullHandle;
-  parse_arguments(nullHandle, THREAD);
-  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
-    // Errors in parsing Graal arguments cause exceptions.
-    // We now load and initialize HotSpotOptions which in turn
-    // causes argument parsing to be redone with better error messages.
-    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("Lcom/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotOptions;", CHECK_ABORT_(JNI_ERR));
-    instanceKlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass = resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_ABORT_(JNI_ERR));
-
-    parse_arguments(hotSpotOptionsClass, THREAD);
-    assert(HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "must be");
-
-    ResourceMark rm;
-    Handle exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-    oop message = java_lang_Throwable::message(exception);
-    if (message != NULL) {
-      tty->print_cr("Error parsing Graal options: %s", java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(message));
-    } else {
-      call_printStackTrace(exception, THREAD);
-    }
-    return JNI_ERR;
-  }
-  return JNI_OK;
-}
-
-bool GraalRuntime::parse_arguments(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, TRAPS) {
-  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-
-  // Process option overrides from graal.options first
-  parse_graal_options_file(hotSpotOptionsClass, CHECK_false);
-
-  // Now process options on the command line
-  int numOptions = Arguments::num_graal_args();
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOptions; i++) {
-    char* arg = Arguments::graal_args_array()[i];
-    parse_argument(hotSpotOptionsClass, arg, CHECK_false);
-  }
-  return CITime || CITimeEach;
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::check_required_value(const char* name, size_t name_len, const char* value, TRAPS) {
-  if (value == NULL) {
-    char buf[200];
-    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Must use '-G:%.*s=<value>' format for %.*s option", name_len, name, name_len, name);
-    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf);
-  }
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::parse_argument(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, char* arg, TRAPS) {
-  ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
-  char first = arg[0];
-  char* name;
-  size_t name_len;
-  bool recognized = true;
-  if (first == '+' || first == '-') {
-    name = arg + 1;
-    name_len = strlen(name);
-    recognized = set_option_bool(hotSpotOptionsClass, name, name_len, first, CHECK);
-  } else {
-    char* sep = strchr(arg, '=');
-    name = arg;
-    char* value = NULL;
-    if (sep != NULL) {
-      name_len = sep - name;
-      value = sep + 1;
-    } else {
-      name_len = strlen(name);
-    }
-    recognized = set_option(hotSpotOptionsClass, name, name_len, value, CHECK);
-  }
-
-  if (!recognized) {
-    bool throw_err = hotSpotOptionsClass.is_null();
-    if (!hotSpotOptionsClass.is_null()) {
-      set_option_helper(hotSpotOptionsClass, name, name_len, Handle(), ' ', Handle(), 0L);
-      if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
-        throw_err = true;
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (throw_err) {
-      char buf[200];
-      jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Unrecognized Graal option %.*s", name_len, name);
-      THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::parse_graal_options_file(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, TRAPS) {
-  const char* home = Arguments::get_java_home();
-  size_t path_len = strlen(home) + strlen("/lib/graal.options") + 1;
-  char* path = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, path_len);
-  char sep = os::file_separator()[0];
-  sprintf(path, "%s%clib%cgraal.options", home, sep, sep);
-
-  struct stat st;
-  if (os::stat(path, &st) == 0) {
-    int file_handle = os::open(path, 0, 0);
-    if (file_handle != -1) {
-      char* buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, st.st_size);
-      int num_read = (int) os::read(file_handle, (char*) buffer, st.st_size);
-      if (num_read == -1) {
-        warning("Error reading file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
-      } else if (num_read != st.st_size) {
-        warning("Only read %d of " SIZE_FORMAT " bytes from %s", num_read, (size_t) st.st_size, path);
-      }
-      os::close(file_handle);
-      if (num_read == st.st_size) {
-        char* line = buffer;
-        int lineNo = 1;
-        while (line - buffer < num_read) {
-          char* nl = strchr(line, '\n');
-          if (nl != NULL) {
-            *nl = '\0';
-          }
-          parse_argument(hotSpotOptionsClass, line, THREAD);
-          if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
-            warning("Error in %s:%d", path, lineNo);
-            return;
-          }
-          if (nl != NULL) {
-            line = nl + 1;
-            lineNo++;
-          } else {
-            // File without newline at the end
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      warning("Error opening file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-jlong GraalRuntime::parse_primitive_option_value(char spec, const char* name, size_t name_len, const char* value, TRAPS) {
-  check_required_value(name, name_len, value, CHECK_(0L));
-  union {
-    jint i;
-    jlong l;
-    double d;
-  } uu;
-  uu.l = 0L;
-  char dummy;
-  switch (spec) {
-    case 'd':
-    case 'f': {
-      if (sscanf(value, "%lf%c", &uu.d, &dummy) == 1) {
-        return uu.l;
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-    case 'i': {
-      if (sscanf(value, "%d%c", &uu.i, &dummy) == 1) {
-        return (jlong)uu.i;
-      }
-      break;
-    }
-    default:
-      ShouldNotReachHere();
-  }
-  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
-  char buf[200];
-  bool missing = strlen(value) == 0;
-  if (missing) {
-    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Missing %s value for Graal option %.*s", (spec == 'i' ? "numeric" : "float/double"), name_len, name);
-  } else {
-    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Invalid %s value for Graal option %.*s: %s", (spec == 'i' ? "numeric" : "float/double"), name_len, name, value);
-  }
-  THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf, 0L);
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::set_option_helper(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, char* name, size_t name_len, Handle option, jchar spec, Handle stringValue, jlong primitiveValue) {
-  Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
-  Handle name_handle;
-  if (name != NULL) {
-    if (strlen(name) > name_len) {
-      // Temporarily replace '=' with NULL to create the Java string for the option name
-      char save = name[name_len];
-      name[name_len] = '\0';
-      name_handle = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, THREAD);
-      name[name_len] = '=';
-      if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
-        return;
-      }
-    } else {
-      assert(strlen(name) == name_len, "must be");
-      name_handle = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, CHECK);
-    }
-  }
-
-  TempNewSymbol setOption = SymbolTable::new_symbol("setOption", CHECK);
-  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol("(Ljava/lang/String;Lcom/oracle/graal/options/OptionValue;CLjava/lang/String;J)V", CHECK);
-  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
-  JavaCallArguments args;
-  args.push_oop(name_handle());
-  args.push_oop(option());
-  args.push_int(spec);
-  args.push_oop(stringValue());
-  args.push_long(primitiveValue);
-  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, hotSpotOptionsClass, setOption, sig, &args, CHECK);
-}
-
-Handle GraalRuntime::get_OptionValue(const char* declaringClass, const char* fieldName, const char* fieldSig, TRAPS) {
-  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(declaringClass, CHECK_NH);
-  Klass* klass = resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_NH);
-
-  // The class has been loaded so the field and signature should already be in the symbol
-  // table.  If they're not there, the field doesn't exist.
-  TempNewSymbol fieldname = SymbolTable::probe(fieldName, (int)strlen(fieldName));
-  TempNewSymbol signame = SymbolTable::probe(fieldSig, (int)strlen(fieldSig));
-  if (fieldname == NULL || signame == NULL) {
-    THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), (char*) fieldName, Handle());
-  }
-  // Make sure class is initialized before handing id's out to fields
-  klass->initialize(CHECK_NH);
-
-  fieldDescriptor fd;
-  if (!InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->find_field(fieldname, signame, true, &fd)) {
-    THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), (char*) fieldName, Handle());
-  }
-
-  Handle ret = klass->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset());
-  return ret;
-}
-
-Handle GraalRuntime::create_Service(const char* name, TRAPS) {
-  TempNewSymbol kname = SymbolTable::new_symbol(name, CHECK_NH);
-  Klass* k = resolve_or_fail(kname, CHECK_NH);
-  instanceKlassHandle klass(THREAD, k);
-  klass->initialize(CHECK_NH);
-  klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(true, CHECK_NH);
-  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
-  instanceHandle service = klass->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NH);
-  JavaCalls::call_special(&result, service, klass, vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), THREAD);
-  return service;
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::shutdown() {
-  if (_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance != NULL) {
-    _shutdown_called = true;
-    JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
-    HandleMark hm(THREAD);
-    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotGraalRuntime", CHECK_ABORT);
-    KlassHandle klass = load_required_class(name);
-    JavaValue result(T_VOID);
-    JavaCallArguments args;
-    args.push_oop(get_HotSpotGraalRuntime());
-    JavaCalls::call_special(&result, klass, vmSymbols::shutdown_method_name(), vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), &args, CHECK_ABORT);
-
-    JNIHandles::destroy_global(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance);
-    _HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance = NULL;
-  }
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::call_printStackTrace(Handle exception, Thread* thread) {
-  assert(exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()), "Throwable instance expected");
-  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
-  JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
-                          exception,
-                          KlassHandle(thread,
-                          SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()),
-                          vmSymbols::printStackTrace_name(),
-                          vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
-                          thread);
-}
-
-void GraalRuntime::abort_on_pending_exception(Handle exception, const char* message, bool dump_core) {
-  Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
-  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
-  tty->print_raw_cr(message);
-  call_printStackTrace(exception, THREAD);
-
-  // Give other aborting threads to also print their stack traces.
-  // This can be very useful when debugging class initialization
-  // failures.
-  os::sleep(THREAD, 200, false);
-
-  vm_abort(dump_core);
-}
-
-Klass* GraalRuntime::resolve_or_null(Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
-  return SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(name, SystemDictionary::graal_loader(), Handle(), CHECK_NULL);
-}
-
-Klass* GraalRuntime::resolve_or_fail(Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
-  return SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, SystemDictionary::graal_loader(), Handle(), true, CHECK_NULL);
-}
-
-Klass* GraalRuntime::load_required_class(Symbol* name) {
-  Klass* klass = resolve_or_null(name, Thread::current());
-  if (klass == NULL) {
-    tty->print_cr("Could not load class %s", name->as_C_string());
-    vm_abort(false);
-  }
-  return klass;
-}
-
-Handle GraalRuntime::get_service_impls(KlassHandle serviceKlass, TRAPS) {
-  const char* home = Arguments::get_java_home();
-  const char* serviceName = serviceKlass->external_name();
-  size_t path_len = strlen(home) + strlen("/lib/graal/services/") + strlen(serviceName) + 1;
-  char* path = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, path_len);
-  char sep = os::file_separator()[0];
-  sprintf(path, "%s%clib%cgraal%cservices%c%s", home, sep, sep, sep, sep, serviceName);
-  struct stat st;
-  if (os::stat(path, &st) == 0) {
-    int file_handle = os::open(path, 0, 0);
-    if (file_handle != -1) {
-      char* buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, st.st_size + 1);
-      int num_read = (int) os::read(file_handle, (char*) buffer, st.st_size);
-      if (num_read == -1) {
-        warning("Error reading file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
-      } else if (num_read != st.st_size) {
-        warning("Only read %d of " SIZE_FORMAT " bytes from %s", num_read, (size_t) st.st_size, path);
-      }
-      os::close(file_handle);
-      if (num_read == st.st_size) {
-        buffer[num_read] = '\0';
-        GrowableArray<char*>* implNames = new GrowableArray<char*>();
-        char* line = buffer;
-        while (line - buffer < num_read) {
-          char* nl = strchr(line, '\n');
-          if (nl != NULL) {
-            *nl = '\0';
-          }
-          // Turn all '.'s into '/'s
-          for (size_t index = 0; line[index] != '\0'; index++) {
-            if (line[index] == '.') {
-              line[index] = '/';
-            }
-          }
-          implNames->append(line);
-          if (nl != NULL) {
-            line = nl + 1;
-          } else {
-            // File without newline at the end
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-
-        objArrayOop servicesOop = oopFactory::new_objArray(serviceKlass(), implNames->length(), CHECK_NH);
-        objArrayHandle services(THREAD, servicesOop);
-        for (int i = 0; i < implNames->length(); ++i) {
-          char* implName = implNames->at(i);
-          Handle service = create_Service(implName, CHECK_NH);
-          services->obj_at_put(i, service());
-        }
-        return services;
-      }
-    } else {
-      warning("Error opening file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
-    }
-  } else {
-    warning("Error opening file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
-  }
-  return Handle();
-}
-
-#include "graalRuntime.inline.hpp"
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+#include "precompiled.hpp"
+#include "asm/codeBuffer.hpp"
+#include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
+#include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
+#include "graal/graalRuntime.hpp"
+#include "graal/graalCompilerToVM.hpp"
+#include "graal/graalCompiler.hpp"
+#include "graal/graalJavaAccess.hpp"
+#include "graal/graalEnv.hpp"
+#include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
+#include "prims/jvm.h"
+#include "runtime/biasedLocking.hpp"
+#include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"
+#include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
+#include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
+#include "utilities/debug.hpp"
+
+jobject GraalRuntime::_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance = NULL;
+bool GraalRuntime::_HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized = false;
+bool GraalRuntime::_shutdown_called = false;
+
+void GraalRuntime::initialize_natives(JNIEnv *env, jclass c2vmClass) {
+  uintptr_t heap_end = (uintptr_t) Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end();
+  uintptr_t allocation_end = heap_end + ((uintptr_t)16) * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+  AMD64_ONLY(guarantee(heap_end < allocation_end, "heap end too close to end of address space (might lead to erroneous TLAB allocations)"));
+  NOT_LP64(error("check TLAB allocation code for address space conflicts"));
+
+  ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
+
+  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
+  {
+    ThreadToNativeFromVM trans(THREAD);
+
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    HandleMark hm;
+
+    graal_compute_offsets();
+
+    // Ensure _non_oop_bits is initialized
+    Universe::non_oop_word();
+
+    env->RegisterNatives(c2vmClass, CompilerToVM_methods, CompilerToVM_methods_count());
+  }
+  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+    abort_on_pending_exception(PENDING_EXCEPTION, "Could not register natives");
+  }
+}
+
+BufferBlob* GraalRuntime::initialize_buffer_blob() {
+  JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
+  BufferBlob* buffer_blob = THREAD->get_buffer_blob();
+  if (buffer_blob == NULL) {
+    buffer_blob = BufferBlob::create("Graal thread-local CodeBuffer", GraalNMethodSizeLimit);
+    if (buffer_blob != NULL) {
+      THREAD->set_buffer_blob(buffer_blob);
+    }
+  }
+  return buffer_blob;
+}
+
+BasicType GraalRuntime::kindToBasicType(jchar ch) {
+  switch(ch) {
+    case 'z': return T_BOOLEAN;
+    case 'b': return T_BYTE;
+    case 's': return T_SHORT;
+    case 'c': return T_CHAR;
+    case 'i': return T_INT;
+    case 'f': return T_FLOAT;
+    case 'j': return T_LONG;
+    case 'd': return T_DOUBLE;
+    case 'a': return T_OBJECT;
+    case '-': return T_ILLEGAL;
+    default:
+      fatal(err_msg("unexpected Kind: %c", ch));
+      break;
+  }
+  return T_ILLEGAL;
+}
+
+// Simple helper to see if the caller of a runtime stub which
+// entered the VM has been deoptimized
+
+static bool caller_is_deopted() {
+  JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
+  RegisterMap reg_map(thread, false);
+  frame runtime_frame = thread->last_frame();
+  frame caller_frame = runtime_frame.sender(&reg_map);
+  assert(caller_frame.is_compiled_frame(), "must be compiled");
+  return caller_frame.is_deoptimized_frame();
+}
+
+// Stress deoptimization
+static void deopt_caller() {
+  if ( !caller_is_deopted()) {
+    JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
+    RegisterMap reg_map(thread, false);
+    frame runtime_frame = thread->last_frame();
+    frame caller_frame = runtime_frame.sender(&reg_map);
+    Deoptimization::deoptimize_frame(thread, caller_frame.id(), Deoptimization::Reason_constraint);
+    assert(caller_is_deopted(), "Must be deoptimized");
+  }
+}
+
+JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::new_instance(JavaThread* thread, Klass* klass))
+  JRT_BLOCK;
+  assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
+  instanceKlassHandle h(thread, klass);
+  h->check_valid_for_instantiation(true, CHECK);
+  // make sure klass is initialized
+  h->initialize(CHECK);
+  // allocate instance and return via TLS
+  oop obj = h->allocate_instance(CHECK);
+  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
+  JRT_BLOCK_END;
+
+  if (GraalDeferredInitBarriers) {
+    new_store_pre_barrier(thread);
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_BLOCK_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::new_array(JavaThread* thread, Klass* array_klass, jint length))
+  JRT_BLOCK;
+  // Note: no handle for klass needed since they are not used
+  //       anymore after new_objArray() and no GC can happen before.
+  //       (This may have to change if this code changes!)
+  assert(array_klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
+  oop obj;
+  if (array_klass->oop_is_typeArray()) {
+    BasicType elt_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(array_klass)->element_type();
+    obj = oopFactory::new_typeArray(elt_type, length, CHECK);
+  } else {
+    Klass* elem_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(array_klass)->element_klass();
+    obj = oopFactory::new_objArray(elem_klass, length, CHECK);
+  }
+  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
+  // This is pretty rare but this runtime patch is stressful to deoptimization
+  // if we deoptimize here so force a deopt to stress the path.
+  if (DeoptimizeALot) {
+    static int deopts = 0;
+    // Alternate between deoptimizing and raising an error (which will also cause a deopt)
+    if (deopts++ % 2 == 0) {
+      ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+      THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError());
+    } else {
+      deopt_caller();
+    }
+  }
+  JRT_BLOCK_END;
+
+  if (GraalDeferredInitBarriers) {
+    new_store_pre_barrier(thread);
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+void GraalRuntime::new_store_pre_barrier(JavaThread* thread) {
+  // After any safepoint, just before going back to compiled code,
+  // we inform the GC that we will be doing initializing writes to
+  // this object in the future without emitting card-marks, so
+  // GC may take any compensating steps.
+  // NOTE: Keep this code consistent with GraphKit::store_barrier.
+
+  oop new_obj = thread->vm_result();
+  if (new_obj == NULL)  return;
+
+  assert(Universe::heap()->can_elide_tlab_store_barriers(),
+         "compiler must check this first");
+  // GC may decide to give back a safer copy of new_obj.
+  new_obj = Universe::heap()->new_store_pre_barrier(thread, new_obj);
+  thread->set_vm_result(new_obj);
+}
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::new_multi_array(JavaThread* thread, Klass* klass, int rank, jint* dims))
+  assert(klass->is_klass(), "not a class");
+  assert(rank >= 1, "rank must be nonzero");
+  oop obj = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->multi_allocate(rank, dims, CHECK);
+  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::dynamic_new_array(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* element_mirror, jint length))
+  oop obj = Reflection::reflect_new_array(element_mirror, length, CHECK);
+  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::dynamic_new_instance(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* type_mirror))
+  instanceKlassHandle klass(THREAD, java_lang_Class::as_Klass(type_mirror));
+
+  if (klass == NULL) {
+    ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+    THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_InstantiationException());
+  }
+
+  // Create new instance (the receiver)
+  klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(false, CHECK);
+
+  // Make sure klass gets initialized
+  klass->initialize(CHECK);
+
+  oop obj = klass->allocate_instance(CHECK);
+  thread->set_vm_result(obj);
+JRT_END
+
+extern void vm_exit(int code);
+
+// Enter this method from compiled code handler below. This is where we transition
+// to VM mode. This is done as a helper routine so that the method called directly
+// from compiled code does not have to transition to VM. This allows the entry
+// method to see if the nmethod that we have just looked up a handler for has
+// been deoptimized while we were in the vm. This simplifies the assembly code
+// cpu directories.
+//
+// We are entering here from exception stub (via the entry method below)
+// If there is a compiled exception handler in this method, we will continue there;
+// otherwise we will unwind the stack and continue at the caller of top frame method
+// Note: we enter in Java using a special JRT wrapper. This wrapper allows us to
+// control the area where we can allow a safepoint. After we exit the safepoint area we can
+// check to see if the handler we are going to return is now in a nmethod that has
+// been deoptimized. If that is the case we return the deopt blob
+// unpack_with_exception entry instead. This makes life for the exception blob easier
+// because making that same check and diverting is painful from assembly language.
+JRT_ENTRY_NO_ASYNC(static address, exception_handler_for_pc_helper(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* ex, address pc, nmethod*& nm))
+  // Reset method handle flag.
+  thread->set_is_method_handle_return(false);
+
+  Handle exception(thread, ex);
+  nm = CodeCache::find_nmethod(pc);
+  assert(nm != NULL, "this is not an nmethod");
+  // Adjust the pc as needed/
+  if (nm->is_deopt_pc(pc)) {
+    RegisterMap map(thread, false);
+    frame exception_frame = thread->last_frame().sender(&map);
+    // if the frame isn't deopted then pc must not correspond to the caller of last_frame
+    assert(exception_frame.is_deoptimized_frame(), "must be deopted");
+    pc = exception_frame.pc();
+  }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  assert(exception.not_null(), "NULL exceptions should be handled by throw_exception");
+  assert(exception->is_oop(), "just checking");
+  // Check that exception is a subclass of Throwable, otherwise we have a VerifyError
+  if (!(exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()))) {
+    if (ExitVMOnVerifyError) vm_exit(-1);
+    ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+#endif
+
+  // Check the stack guard pages and reenable them if necessary and there is
+  // enough space on the stack to do so.  Use fast exceptions only if the guard
+  // pages are enabled.
+  bool guard_pages_enabled = thread->stack_yellow_zone_enabled();
+  if (!guard_pages_enabled) guard_pages_enabled = thread->reguard_stack();
+
+  if (JvmtiExport::can_post_on_exceptions()) {
+    // To ensure correct notification of exception catches and throws
+    // we have to deoptimize here.  If we attempted to notify the
+    // catches and throws during this exception lookup it's possible
+    // we could deoptimize on the way out of the VM and end back in
+    // the interpreter at the throw site.  This would result in double
+    // notifications since the interpreter would also notify about
+    // these same catches and throws as it unwound the frame.
+
+    RegisterMap reg_map(thread);
+    frame stub_frame = thread->last_frame();
+    frame caller_frame = stub_frame.sender(&reg_map);
+
+    // We don't really want to deoptimize the nmethod itself since we
+    // can actually continue in the exception handler ourselves but I
+    // don't see an easy way to have the desired effect.
+    Deoptimization::deoptimize_frame(thread, caller_frame.id(), Deoptimization::Reason_constraint);
+    assert(caller_is_deopted(), "Must be deoptimized");
+
+    return SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->unpack_with_exception_in_tls();
+  }
+
+  // ExceptionCache is used only for exceptions at call sites and not for implicit exceptions
+  if (guard_pages_enabled) {
+    address fast_continuation = nm->handler_for_exception_and_pc(exception, pc);
+    if (fast_continuation != NULL) {
+      // Set flag if return address is a method handle call site.
+      thread->set_is_method_handle_return(nm->is_method_handle_return(pc));
+      return fast_continuation;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // If the stack guard pages are enabled, check whether there is a handler in
+  // the current method.  Otherwise (guard pages disabled), force an unwind and
+  // skip the exception cache update (i.e., just leave continuation==NULL).
+  address continuation = NULL;
+  if (guard_pages_enabled) {
+
+    // New exception handling mechanism can support inlined methods
+    // with exception handlers since the mappings are from PC to PC
+
+    // debugging support
+    // tracing
+    if (TraceExceptions) {
+      ttyLocker ttyl;
+      ResourceMark rm;
+      tty->print_cr("Exception <%s> (" INTPTR_FORMAT ") thrown in compiled method <%s> at PC " INTPTR_FORMAT " for thread " INTPTR_FORMAT "",
+                    exception->print_value_string(), p2i((address)exception()), nm->method()->print_value_string(), p2i(pc), p2i(thread));
+    }
+    // for AbortVMOnException flag
+    NOT_PRODUCT(Exceptions::debug_check_abort(exception));
+
+    // Clear out the exception oop and pc since looking up an
+    // exception handler can cause class loading, which might throw an
+    // exception and those fields are expected to be clear during
+    // normal bytecode execution.
+    thread->clear_exception_oop_and_pc();
+
+    continuation = SharedRuntime::compute_compiled_exc_handler(nm, pc, exception, false, false);
+    // If an exception was thrown during exception dispatch, the exception oop may have changed
+    thread->set_exception_oop(exception());
+    thread->set_exception_pc(pc);
+
+    // the exception cache is used only by non-implicit exceptions
+    if (continuation != NULL && !SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->contains(continuation)) {
+      nm->add_handler_for_exception_and_pc(exception, pc, continuation);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Set flag if return address is a method handle call site.
+  thread->set_is_method_handle_return(nm->is_method_handle_return(pc));
+
+  if (TraceExceptions) {
+    ttyLocker ttyl;
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    tty->print_cr("Thread " PTR_FORMAT " continuing at PC " PTR_FORMAT " for exception thrown at PC " PTR_FORMAT,
+                  p2i(thread), p2i(continuation), p2i(pc));
+  }
+
+  return continuation;
+JRT_END
+
+// Enter this method from compiled code only if there is a Java exception handler
+// in the method handling the exception.
+// We are entering here from exception stub. We don't do a normal VM transition here.
+// We do it in a helper. This is so we can check to see if the nmethod we have just
+// searched for an exception handler has been deoptimized in the meantime.
+address GraalRuntime::exception_handler_for_pc(JavaThread* thread) {
+  oop exception = thread->exception_oop();
+  address pc = thread->exception_pc();
+  // Still in Java mode
+  DEBUG_ONLY(ResetNoHandleMark rnhm);
+  nmethod* nm = NULL;
+  address continuation = NULL;
+  {
+    // Enter VM mode by calling the helper
+    ResetNoHandleMark rnhm;
+    continuation = exception_handler_for_pc_helper(thread, exception, pc, nm);
+  }
+  // Back in JAVA, use no oops DON'T safepoint
+
+  // Now check to see if the nmethod we were called from is now deoptimized.
+  // If so we must return to the deopt blob and deoptimize the nmethod
+  if (nm != NULL && caller_is_deopted()) {
+    continuation = SharedRuntime::deopt_blob()->unpack_with_exception_in_tls();
+  }
+
+  assert(continuation != NULL, "no handler found");
+  return continuation;
+}
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::create_null_exception(JavaThread* thread))
+  SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(thread, vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
+  thread->set_vm_result(PENDING_EXCEPTION);
+  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::create_out_of_bounds_exception(JavaThread* thread, jint index))
+  char message[jintAsStringSize];
+  sprintf(message, "%d", index);
+  SharedRuntime::throw_and_post_jvmti_exception(thread, vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), message);
+  thread->set_vm_result(PENDING_EXCEPTION);
+  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY_NO_ASYNC(void, GraalRuntime::monitorenter(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock))
+  if (TraceGraal >= 3) {
+    char type[O_BUFLEN];
+    obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(type, O_BUFLEN);
+    markOop mark = obj->mark();
+    tty->print_cr("%s: entered locking slow case with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", type=%s, mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", lock=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj), type, p2i(mark), p2i(lock));
+    tty->flush();
+  }
+#ifdef ASSERT
+  if (PrintBiasedLockingStatistics) {
+    Atomic::inc(BiasedLocking::slow_path_entry_count_addr());
+  }
+#endif
+  Handle h_obj(thread, obj);
+  assert(h_obj()->is_oop(), "must be NULL or an object");
+  if (UseBiasedLocking) {
+    // Retry fast entry if bias is revoked to avoid unnecessary inflation
+    ObjectSynchronizer::fast_enter(h_obj, lock, true, CHECK);
+  } else {
+    if (GraalUseFastLocking) {
+      // When using fast locking, the compiled code has already tried the fast case
+      ObjectSynchronizer::slow_enter(h_obj, lock, THREAD);
+    } else {
+      ObjectSynchronizer::fast_enter(h_obj, lock, false, THREAD);
+    }
+  }
+  if (TraceGraal >= 3) {
+    tty->print_cr("%s: exiting locking slow with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj));
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::monitorexit(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, BasicLock* lock))
+  assert(thread == JavaThread::current(), "threads must correspond");
+  assert(thread->last_Java_sp(), "last_Java_sp must be set");
+  // monitorexit is non-blocking (leaf routine) => no exceptions can be thrown
+  EXCEPTION_MARK;
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+  if (!obj->is_oop()) {
+    ResetNoHandleMark rhm;
+    nmethod* method = thread->last_frame().cb()->as_nmethod_or_null();
+    if (method != NULL) {
+      tty->print_cr("ERROR in monitorexit in method %s wrong obj " INTPTR_FORMAT, method->name(), p2i(obj));
+    }
+    thread->print_stack_on(tty);
+    assert(false, "invalid lock object pointer dected");
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (GraalUseFastLocking) {
+    // When using fast locking, the compiled code has already tried the fast case
+    ObjectSynchronizer::slow_exit(obj, lock, THREAD);
+  } else {
+    ObjectSynchronizer::fast_exit(obj, lock, THREAD);
+  }
+  if (TraceGraal >= 3) {
+    char type[O_BUFLEN];
+    obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(type, O_BUFLEN);
+    tty->print_cr("%s: exited locking slow case with obj=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", type=%s, mark=" INTPTR_FORMAT ", lock=" INTPTR_FORMAT, thread->name(), p2i(obj), type, p2i(obj->mark()), p2i(lock));
+    tty->flush();
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::log_object(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj, jint flags))
+  bool string =  mask_bits_are_true(flags, LOG_OBJECT_STRING);
+  bool addr = mask_bits_are_true(flags, LOG_OBJECT_ADDRESS);
+  bool newline = mask_bits_are_true(flags, LOG_OBJECT_NEWLINE);
+  if (!string) {
+    if (!addr && obj->is_oop_or_null(true)) {
+      char buf[O_BUFLEN];
+      tty->print("%s@" INTPTR_FORMAT, obj->klass()->name()->as_C_string(buf, O_BUFLEN), p2i(obj));
+    } else {
+      tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(obj));
+    }
+  } else {
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    assert(obj != NULL && java_lang_String::is_instance(obj), "must be");
+    char *buf = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(obj);
+    tty->print_raw(buf);
+  }
+  if (newline) {
+    tty->cr();
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::write_barrier_pre(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj))
+  thread->satb_mark_queue().enqueue(obj);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::write_barrier_post(JavaThread* thread, void* card_addr))
+  thread->dirty_card_queue().enqueue(card_addr);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(jboolean, GraalRuntime::validate_object(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* parent, oopDesc* child))
+  bool ret = true;
+  if(!Universe::heap()->is_in_closed_subset(parent)) {
+    tty->print_cr("Parent Object "INTPTR_FORMAT" not in heap", p2i(parent));
+    parent->print();
+    ret=false;
+  }
+  if(!Universe::heap()->is_in_closed_subset(child)) {
+    tty->print_cr("Child Object "INTPTR_FORMAT" not in heap", p2i(child));
+    child->print();
+    ret=false;
+  }
+  return (jint)ret;
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(void, GraalRuntime::vm_error(JavaThread* thread, jlong where, jlong format, jlong value))
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  const char *error_msg = where == 0L ? "<internal Graal error>" : (char*) (address) where;
+  char *detail_msg = NULL;
+  if (format != 0L) {
+    const char* buf = (char*) (address) format;
+    size_t detail_msg_length = strlen(buf) * 2;
+    detail_msg = (char *) NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(u_char, detail_msg_length);
+    jio_snprintf(detail_msg, detail_msg_length, buf, value);
+  }
+  report_vm_error(__FILE__, __LINE__, error_msg, detail_msg);
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(oopDesc*, GraalRuntime::load_and_clear_exception(JavaThread* thread))
+  oop exception = thread->exception_oop();
+  assert(exception != NULL, "npe");
+  thread->set_exception_oop(NULL);
+  thread->set_exception_pc(0);
+  return exception;
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::log_printf(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* format, jlong v1, jlong v2, jlong v3))
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  assert(format != NULL && java_lang_String::is_instance(format), "must be");
+  char *buf = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(format);
+  tty->print(buf, v1, v2, v3);
+JRT_END
+
+static void decipher(jlong v, bool ignoreZero) {
+  if (v != 0 || !ignoreZero) {
+    void* p = (void *)(address) v;
+    CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(p);
+    if (cb) {
+      if (cb->is_nmethod()) {
+        char buf[O_BUFLEN];
+        tty->print("%s [" INTPTR_FORMAT "+" JLONG_FORMAT "]", cb->as_nmethod_or_null()->method()->name_and_sig_as_C_string(buf, O_BUFLEN), p2i(cb->code_begin()), (jlong)((address)v - cb->code_begin()));
+        return;
+      }
+      cb->print_value_on(tty);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (Universe::heap()->is_in(p)) {
+      oop obj = oop(p);
+      obj->print_value_on(tty);
+      return;
+    }
+    tty->print(INTPTR_FORMAT " [long: " JLONG_FORMAT ", double %lf, char %c]",p2i((void *)v), (jlong)v, (jdouble)v, (char)v);
+  }
+}
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::vm_message(jboolean vmError, jlong format, jlong v1, jlong v2, jlong v3))
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  char *buf = (char*) (address) format;
+  if (vmError) {
+    if (buf != NULL) {
+      fatal(err_msg(buf, v1, v2, v3));
+    } else {
+      fatal("<anonymous error>");
+    }
+  } else if (buf != NULL) {
+    tty->print(buf, v1, v2, v3);
+  } else {
+    assert(v2 == 0, "v2 != 0");
+    assert(v3 == 0, "v3 != 0");
+    decipher(v1, false);
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_LEAF(void, GraalRuntime::log_primitive(JavaThread* thread, jchar typeChar, jlong value, jboolean newline))
+  union {
+      jlong l;
+      jdouble d;
+      jfloat f;
+  } uu;
+  uu.l = value;
+  switch (typeChar) {
+    case 'z': tty->print(value == 0 ? "false" : "true"); break;
+    case 'b': tty->print("%d", (jbyte) value); break;
+    case 'c': tty->print("%c", (jchar) value); break;
+    case 's': tty->print("%d", (jshort) value); break;
+    case 'i': tty->print("%d", (jint) value); break;
+    case 'f': tty->print("%f", uu.f); break;
+    case 'j': tty->print(JLONG_FORMAT, value); break;
+    case 'd': tty->print("%lf", uu.d); break;
+    default: assert(false, "unknown typeChar"); break;
+  }
+  if (newline) {
+    tty->cr();
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(jint, GraalRuntime::identity_hash_code(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* obj))
+  return (jint) obj->identity_hash();
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(jboolean, GraalRuntime::thread_is_interrupted(JavaThread* thread, oopDesc* receiver, jboolean clear_interrupted))
+  // Ensure that the C++ Thread and OSThread structures aren't freed before we operate
+  Handle receiverHandle(thread, receiver);
+  MutexLockerEx ml(thread->threadObj() == (void*)receiver ? NULL : Threads_lock);
+  JavaThread* receiverThread = java_lang_Thread::thread(receiverHandle());
+  if (receiverThread == NULL) {
+    // The other thread may exit during this process, which is ok so return false.
+    return JNI_FALSE;
+  } else {
+    return (jint) Thread::is_interrupted(receiverThread, clear_interrupted != 0);
+  }
+JRT_END
+
+JRT_ENTRY(jint, GraalRuntime::test_deoptimize_call_int(JavaThread* thread, int value))
+  deopt_caller();
+  return value;
+JRT_END
+
+// private static void Factory.init()
+JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_InitGraalClassLoader(JNIEnv *env, jclass c, jobject loader_handle))
+  SystemDictionary::init_graal_loader(JNIHandles::resolve(loader_handle));
+  SystemDictionary::WKID scan = SystemDictionary::FIRST_GRAAL_WKID;
+  SystemDictionary::initialize_wk_klasses_through(SystemDictionary::LAST_GRAAL_WKID, scan, CHECK);
+JVM_END
+
+// private static GraalRuntime Graal.initializeRuntime()
+JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_GetGraalRuntime(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
+  GraalRuntime::initialize_HotSpotGraalRuntime();
+  return GraalRuntime::get_HotSpotGraalRuntime_jobject();
+JVM_END
+
+// private static String[] Services.getServiceImpls(Class service)
+JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_GetGraalServiceImpls(JNIEnv *env, jclass c, jclass serviceClass))
+  HandleMark hm;
+  ResourceMark rm;
+  KlassHandle serviceKlass(THREAD, java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(serviceClass)));
+  return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, GraalRuntime::get_service_impls(serviceKlass, THREAD)());
+JVM_END
+
+// private static TruffleRuntime Truffle.createRuntime()
+JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_CreateTruffleRuntime(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
+  GraalRuntime::ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
+  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/truffle/hotspot/HotSpotTruffleRuntime", CHECK_NULL);
+  KlassHandle klass = GraalRuntime::resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_NULL);
+
+  TempNewSymbol makeInstance = SymbolTable::new_symbol("makeInstance", CHECK_NULL);
+  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol("()Lcom/oracle/truffle/api/TruffleRuntime;", CHECK_NULL);
+  JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
+  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, makeInstance, sig, CHECK_NULL);
+  return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, (oop) result.get_jobject());
+JVM_END
+
+// private static NativeFunctionInterfaceRuntime.createInterface()
+JVM_ENTRY(jobject, JVM_CreateNativeFunctionInterface(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
+  GraalRuntime::ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
+  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/truffle/hotspot/HotSpotTruffleRuntime", CHECK_NULL);
+  KlassHandle klass = GraalRuntime::resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_NULL);
+
+  TempNewSymbol makeInstance = SymbolTable::new_symbol("createNativeFunctionInterface", CHECK_NULL);
+  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol("()Lcom/oracle/nfi/api/NativeFunctionInterface;", CHECK_NULL);
+  JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
+  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, makeInstance, sig, CHECK_NULL);
+  return JNIHandles::make_local(THREAD, (oop) result.get_jobject());
+JVM_END
+
+void GraalRuntime::check_generated_sources_sha1(TRAPS) {
+  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/sourcegen/GeneratedSourcesSha1", CHECK_ABORT);
+  KlassHandle klass = load_required_class(name);
+  fieldDescriptor fd;
+  if (!InstanceKlass::cast(klass())->find_field(vmSymbols::value_name(), vmSymbols::string_signature(), true, &fd)) {
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), "GeneratedSourcesSha1.value");
+  }
+
+  Symbol* value = java_lang_String::as_symbol(klass->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset()), CHECK);
+  if (!value->equals(_generated_sources_sha1)) {
+    char buf[200];
+    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Generated sources SHA1 check failed (%s != %s) - need to rebuild the VM", value->as_C_string(), _generated_sources_sha1);
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf);
+  }
+}
+
+Handle GraalRuntime::callInitializer(const char* className, const char* methodName, const char* returnType) {
+  guarantee(!_HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized, "cannot reinitialize HotSpotGraalRuntime");
+  Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
+  check_generated_sources_sha1(CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
+
+  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(className, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
+  KlassHandle klass = load_required_class(name);
+  TempNewSymbol runtime = SymbolTable::new_symbol(methodName, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
+  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol(returnType, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
+  JavaValue result(T_OBJECT);
+  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, klass, runtime, sig, CHECK_ABORT_(Handle()));
+  return Handle((oop)result.get_jobject());
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::initialize_HotSpotGraalRuntime() {
+  if (JNIHandles::resolve(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance) == NULL) {
+#ifdef ASSERT
+    // This should only be called in the context of the Graal class being initialized
+    Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
+    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/api/runtime/Graal", CHECK_ABORT);
+    instanceKlassHandle klass = InstanceKlass::cast(load_required_class(name));
+    assert(klass->is_being_initialized() && klass->is_reentrant_initialization(THREAD),
+           "HotSpotGraalRuntime initialization should only be triggered through Graal initialization");
+#endif
+
+    Handle result = callInitializer("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotGraalRuntime", "runtime",
+                                    "()Lcom/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotGraalRuntime;");
+    _HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized = true;
+    _HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance = JNIHandles::make_global(result());
+  }
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::initialize_Graal() {
+  if (JNIHandles::resolve(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance) == NULL) {
+    callInitializer("com/oracle/graal/api/runtime/Graal",     "getRuntime",      "()Lcom/oracle/graal/api/runtime/GraalRuntime;");
+  }
+  assert(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_initialized == true, "what?");
+}
+
+// private static void CompilerToVMImpl.init()
+JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_InitializeGraalNatives(JNIEnv *env, jclass c2vmClass))
+  GraalRuntime::initialize_natives(env, c2vmClass);
+JVM_END
+
+// private static boolean HotSpotOptions.parseVMOptions()
+JVM_ENTRY(jboolean, JVM_ParseGraalOptions(JNIEnv *env, jclass c))
+  HandleMark hm;
+  KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass(THREAD, java_lang_Class::as_Klass(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(c)));
+  bool result = GraalRuntime::parse_arguments(hotSpotOptionsClass, CHECK_false);
+  return result;
+JVM_END
+
+
+void GraalRuntime::ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized() {
+  // This initialization code is guarded by a static pointer to the Factory class.
+  // Once it is non-null, the Graal class loader and well known Graal classes are
+  // guaranteed to have been initialized. By going through the static
+  // initializer of Factory, we can rely on class initialization semantics to
+  // synchronize threads racing to do the initialization.
+  static Klass* _FactoryKlass = NULL;
+  if (_FactoryKlass == NULL) {
+    Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
+    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/loader/Factory", CHECK_ABORT);
+    KlassHandle klass = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, true, THREAD);
+    if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+      static volatile int seen_error = 0;
+      if (!seen_error && Atomic::cmpxchg(1, &seen_error, 0) == 0) {
+        // Only report the failure on the first thread that hits it
+        abort_on_pending_exception(PENDING_EXCEPTION, "Graal classes are not available");
+      } else {
+        CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+        // Give first thread time to report the error.
+        os::sleep(THREAD, 100, false);
+        vm_abort(false);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // We cannot use graalJavaAccess for this because we are currently in the
+    // process of initializing that mechanism.
+    TempNewSymbol field_name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("useGraalClassLoader", CHECK_ABORT);
+    fieldDescriptor field_desc;
+    if (klass->find_field(field_name, vmSymbols::bool_signature(), &field_desc) == NULL) {
+      ResourceMark rm;
+      fatal(err_msg("Invalid layout of %s at %s", field_name->as_C_string(), klass->external_name()));
+    }
+
+    InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass());
+    address addr = ik->static_field_addr(field_desc.offset() - InstanceMirrorKlass::offset_of_static_fields());
+    *((jboolean *) addr) = (jboolean) UseGraalClassLoader;
+    klass->initialize(CHECK_ABORT);
+    _FactoryKlass = klass();
+  }
+}
+
+jint GraalRuntime::check_arguments(TRAPS) {
+  KlassHandle nullHandle;
+  parse_arguments(nullHandle, THREAD);
+  if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+    // Errors in parsing Graal arguments cause exceptions.
+    // We now load and initialize HotSpotOptions which in turn
+    // causes argument parsing to be redone with better error messages.
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("Lcom/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotOptions;", CHECK_ABORT_(JNI_ERR));
+    instanceKlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass = resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_ABORT_(JNI_ERR));
+
+    parse_arguments(hotSpotOptionsClass, THREAD);
+    assert(HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION, "must be");
+
+    ResourceMark rm;
+    Handle exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+    oop message = java_lang_Throwable::message(exception);
+    if (message != NULL) {
+      tty->print_cr("Error parsing Graal options: %s", java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(message));
+    } else {
+      call_printStackTrace(exception, THREAD);
+    }
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  }
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+bool GraalRuntime::parse_arguments(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, TRAPS) {
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+
+  // Process option overrides from graal.options first
+  parse_graal_options_file(hotSpotOptionsClass, CHECK_false);
+
+  // Now process options on the command line
+  int numOptions = Arguments::num_graal_args();
+  for (int i = 0; i < numOptions; i++) {
+    char* arg = Arguments::graal_args_array()[i];
+    parse_argument(hotSpotOptionsClass, arg, CHECK_false);
+  }
+  return CITime || CITimeEach;
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::check_required_value(const char* name, size_t name_len, const char* value, TRAPS) {
+  if (value == NULL) {
+    char buf[200];
+    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Must use '-G:%.*s=<value>' format for %.*s option", name_len, name, name_len, name);
+    THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf);
+  }
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::parse_argument(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, char* arg, TRAPS) {
+  ensure_graal_class_loader_is_initialized();
+  char first = arg[0];
+  char* name;
+  size_t name_len;
+  bool recognized = true;
+  if (first == '+' || first == '-') {
+    name = arg + 1;
+    name_len = strlen(name);
+    recognized = set_option_bool(hotSpotOptionsClass, name, name_len, first, CHECK);
+  } else {
+    char* sep = strchr(arg, '=');
+    name = arg;
+    char* value = NULL;
+    if (sep != NULL) {
+      name_len = sep - name;
+      value = sep + 1;
+    } else {
+      name_len = strlen(name);
+    }
+    recognized = set_option(hotSpotOptionsClass, name, name_len, value, CHECK);
+  }
+
+  if (!recognized) {
+    bool throw_err = hotSpotOptionsClass.is_null();
+    if (!hotSpotOptionsClass.is_null()) {
+      set_option_helper(hotSpotOptionsClass, name, name_len, Handle(), ' ', Handle(), 0L);
+      if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+        throw_err = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (throw_err) {
+      char buf[200];
+      jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Unrecognized Graal option %.*s", name_len, name);
+      THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::parse_graal_options_file(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, TRAPS) {
+  const char* home = Arguments::get_java_home();
+  size_t path_len = strlen(home) + strlen("/lib/graal.options") + 1;
+  char* path = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, path_len);
+  char sep = os::file_separator()[0];
+  sprintf(path, "%s%clib%cgraal.options", home, sep, sep);
+
+  struct stat st;
+  if (os::stat(path, &st) == 0) {
+    int file_handle = os::open(path, 0, 0);
+    if (file_handle != -1) {
+      char* buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, st.st_size);
+      int num_read = (int) os::read(file_handle, (char*) buffer, st.st_size);
+      if (num_read == -1) {
+        warning("Error reading file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
+      } else if (num_read != st.st_size) {
+        warning("Only read %d of " SIZE_FORMAT " bytes from %s", num_read, (size_t) st.st_size, path);
+      }
+      os::close(file_handle);
+      if (num_read == st.st_size) {
+        char* line = buffer;
+        int lineNo = 1;
+        while (line - buffer < num_read) {
+          char* nl = strchr(line, '\n');
+          if (nl != NULL) {
+            *nl = '\0';
+          }
+          parse_argument(hotSpotOptionsClass, line, THREAD);
+          if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+            warning("Error in %s:%d", path, lineNo);
+            return;
+          }
+          if (nl != NULL) {
+            line = nl + 1;
+            lineNo++;
+          } else {
+            // File without newline at the end
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      warning("Error opening file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+jlong GraalRuntime::parse_primitive_option_value(char spec, const char* name, size_t name_len, const char* value, TRAPS) {
+  check_required_value(name, name_len, value, CHECK_(0L));
+  union {
+    jint i;
+    jlong l;
+    double d;
+  } uu;
+  uu.l = 0L;
+  char dummy;
+  switch (spec) {
+    case 'd':
+    case 'f': {
+      if (sscanf(value, "%lf%c", &uu.d, &dummy) == 1) {
+        return uu.l;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'i': {
+      if (sscanf(value, "%d%c", &uu.i, &dummy) == 1) {
+        return (jlong)uu.i;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      ShouldNotReachHere();
+  }
+  ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
+  char buf[200];
+  bool missing = strlen(value) == 0;
+  if (missing) {
+    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Missing %s value for Graal option %.*s", (spec == 'i' ? "numeric" : "float/double"), name_len, name);
+  } else {
+    jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Invalid %s value for Graal option %.*s: %s", (spec == 'i' ? "numeric" : "float/double"), name_len, name, value);
+  }
+  THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), buf, 0L);
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::set_option_helper(KlassHandle hotSpotOptionsClass, char* name, size_t name_len, Handle option, jchar spec, Handle stringValue, jlong primitiveValue) {
+  Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
+  Handle name_handle;
+  if (name != NULL) {
+    if (strlen(name) > name_len) {
+      // Temporarily replace '=' with NULL to create the Java string for the option name
+      char save = name[name_len];
+      name[name_len] = '\0';
+      name_handle = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, THREAD);
+      name[name_len] = '=';
+      if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
+        return;
+      }
+    } else {
+      assert(strlen(name) == name_len, "must be");
+      name_handle = java_lang_String::create_from_str(name, CHECK);
+    }
+  }
+
+  TempNewSymbol setOption = SymbolTable::new_symbol("setOption", CHECK);
+  TempNewSymbol sig = SymbolTable::new_symbol("(Ljava/lang/String;Lcom/oracle/graal/options/OptionValue;CLjava/lang/String;J)V", CHECK);
+  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
+  JavaCallArguments args;
+  args.push_oop(name_handle());
+  args.push_oop(option());
+  args.push_int(spec);
+  args.push_oop(stringValue());
+  args.push_long(primitiveValue);
+  JavaCalls::call_static(&result, hotSpotOptionsClass, setOption, sig, &args, CHECK);
+}
+
+Handle GraalRuntime::get_OptionValue(const char* declaringClass, const char* fieldName, const char* fieldSig, TRAPS) {
+  TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(declaringClass, CHECK_NH);
+  Klass* klass = resolve_or_fail(name, CHECK_NH);
+
+  // The class has been loaded so the field and signature should already be in the symbol
+  // table.  If they're not there, the field doesn't exist.
+  TempNewSymbol fieldname = SymbolTable::probe(fieldName, (int)strlen(fieldName));
+  TempNewSymbol signame = SymbolTable::probe(fieldSig, (int)strlen(fieldSig));
+  if (fieldname == NULL || signame == NULL) {
+    THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), (char*) fieldName, Handle());
+  }
+  // Make sure class is initialized before handing id's out to fields
+  klass->initialize(CHECK_NH);
+
+  fieldDescriptor fd;
+  if (!InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->find_field(fieldname, signame, true, &fd)) {
+    THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), (char*) fieldName, Handle());
+  }
+
+  Handle ret = klass->java_mirror()->obj_field(fd.offset());
+  return ret;
+}
+
+Handle GraalRuntime::create_Service(const char* name, TRAPS) {
+  TempNewSymbol kname = SymbolTable::new_symbol(name, CHECK_NH);
+  Klass* k = resolve_or_fail(kname, CHECK_NH);
+  instanceKlassHandle klass(THREAD, k);
+  klass->initialize(CHECK_NH);
+  klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(true, CHECK_NH);
+  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
+  instanceHandle service = klass->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NH);
+  JavaCalls::call_special(&result, service, klass, vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), THREAD);
+  return service;
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::shutdown() {
+  if (_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance != NULL) {
+    _shutdown_called = true;
+    JavaThread* THREAD = JavaThread::current();
+    HandleMark hm(THREAD);
+    TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol("com/oracle/graal/hotspot/HotSpotGraalRuntime", CHECK_ABORT);
+    KlassHandle klass = load_required_class(name);
+    JavaValue result(T_VOID);
+    JavaCallArguments args;
+    args.push_oop(get_HotSpotGraalRuntime());
+    JavaCalls::call_special(&result, klass, vmSymbols::shutdown_method_name(), vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), &args, CHECK_ABORT);
+
+    JNIHandles::destroy_global(_HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance);
+    _HotSpotGraalRuntime_instance = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::call_printStackTrace(Handle exception, Thread* thread) {
+  assert(exception->is_a(SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()), "Throwable instance expected");
+  JavaValue result(T_VOID);
+  JavaCalls::call_virtual(&result,
+                          exception,
+                          KlassHandle(thread,
+                          SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()),
+                          vmSymbols::printStackTrace_name(),
+                          vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
+                          thread);
+}
+
+void GraalRuntime::abort_on_pending_exception(Handle exception, const char* message, bool dump_core) {
+  Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
+  CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
+  tty->print_raw_cr(message);
+  call_printStackTrace(exception, THREAD);
+
+  // Give other aborting threads to also print their stack traces.
+  // This can be very useful when debugging class initialization
+  // failures.
+  os::sleep(THREAD, 200, false);
+
+  vm_abort(dump_core);
+}
+
+Klass* GraalRuntime::resolve_or_null(Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
+  return SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(name, SystemDictionary::graal_loader(), Handle(), CHECK_NULL);
+}
+
+Klass* GraalRuntime::resolve_or_fail(Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
+  return SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, SystemDictionary::graal_loader(), Handle(), true, CHECK_NULL);
+}
+
+Klass* GraalRuntime::load_required_class(Symbol* name) {
+  Klass* klass = resolve_or_null(name, Thread::current());
+  if (klass == NULL) {
+    tty->print_cr("Could not load class %s", name->as_C_string());
+    vm_abort(false);
+  }
+  return klass;
+}
+
+Handle GraalRuntime::get_service_impls(KlassHandle serviceKlass, TRAPS) {
+  const char* home = Arguments::get_java_home();
+  const char* serviceName = serviceKlass->external_name();
+  size_t path_len = strlen(home) + strlen("/lib/graal/services/") + strlen(serviceName) + 1;
+  char* path = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, path_len);
+  char sep = os::file_separator()[0];
+  sprintf(path, "%s%clib%cgraal%cservices%c%s", home, sep, sep, sep, sep, serviceName);
+  struct stat st;
+  if (os::stat(path, &st) == 0) {
+    int file_handle = os::open(path, 0, 0);
+    if (file_handle != -1) {
+      char* buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, st.st_size + 1);
+      int num_read = (int) os::read(file_handle, (char*) buffer, st.st_size);
+      if (num_read == -1) {
+        warning("Error reading file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
+      } else if (num_read != st.st_size) {
+        warning("Only read %d of " SIZE_FORMAT " bytes from %s", num_read, (size_t) st.st_size, path);
+      }
+      os::close(file_handle);
+      if (num_read == st.st_size) {
+        buffer[num_read] = '\0';
+        GrowableArray<char*>* implNames = new GrowableArray<char*>();
+        char* line = buffer;
+        while (line - buffer < num_read) {
+          char* nl = strchr(line, '\n');
+          if (nl != NULL) {
+            *nl = '\0';
+          }
+          // Turn all '.'s into '/'s
+          for (size_t index = 0; line[index] != '\0'; index++) {
+            if (line[index] == '.') {
+              line[index] = '/';
+            }
+          }
+          implNames->append(line);
+          if (nl != NULL) {
+            line = nl + 1;
+          } else {
+            // File without newline at the end
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+
+        objArrayOop servicesOop = oopFactory::new_objArray(serviceKlass(), implNames->length(), CHECK_NH);
+        objArrayHandle services(THREAD, servicesOop);
+        for (int i = 0; i < implNames->length(); ++i) {
+          char* implName = implNames->at(i);
+          Handle service = create_Service(implName, CHECK_NH);
+          services->obj_at_put(i, service());
+        }
+        return services;
+      }
+    } else {
+      warning("Error opening file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
+    }
+  } else {
+    warning("Error opening file %s due to %s", path, strerror(errno));
+  }
+  return Handle();
+}
+
+#include "graalRuntime.inline.hpp"